Biology:2014 in mammal paleontology
This article records new taxa of fossil mammals of every kind that have been described during the year 2014, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of mammals that occurred in the year 2014.
Newly named non-eutherian mammals
Metatherians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid[2] |
Forasiepi, Babot & Zimicz |
Late Oligocene (Deseadan) |
Deseado Formation |
Argentina |
A borhyaenid; a new genus for "Borhyaena" antiqua Ameghino (1894). |
||
Balbaroo nalima[3] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Black et al. |
Middle Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
Australia |
A balbarid macropodiform, a species of Balbaroo. |
|
Contrerascynus[4] |
Nom. nov |
Valid |
Mones |
Miocene (Chasicoan) |
Loma de las Tapias Formation |
Argentina |
A hathlyacynid sparassodont; a replacement name for Simpsonia Contreras (1990) (preoccupied). |
|
Crash[5] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Travouillon et al. |
Middle Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
Australia |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Travouillon et al. |
Early Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
Australia |
A basal member of Macropodidae, a species of Ganguroo. |
||
Golerdelphys[7] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Williamson & Lofgren |
Late Paleocene (Tiffanian) |
Goler Formation |
United States |
A herpetotheriid metatherian. The type species is Golerdelphys stocki. |
|
Hypsiprymnodon dennisi[8] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bates et al. |
Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
Australia |
A relative of the musky rat-kangaroo. |
|
Hypsiprymnodon karenblackae[8] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bates et al. |
Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
Australia |
A relative of the musky rat-kangaroo. |
|
Hypsiprymnodon philcreaseri[8] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bates et al. |
Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
Australia |
A relative of the musky rat-kangaroo. |
|
Liyamayi[5] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Travouillon et al. |
Middle Miocene |
Riversleigh World Heritage Area |
Australia |
A relative of bilbies. The type species is Liyamayi dayi. |
|
Protolambda mcgilli[9] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kelly |
Latest Cretaceous? |
United States |
A pediomyid, a species of Protolambda. |
Others
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aliaga[10] |
Gen. et sp. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Cuenca-Bescós et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
Spain |
A spalacotheriid "symmetrodont". The type species is Aliaga molinensis; genus might also contain "Spalacotherium" henkeli Krebs (1985). |
||
Anthracolestes[11] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Averianov, Martin & Lopatin |
Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) |
Russia |
A member of Dryolestidae. The type species is Anthracolestes sergeii. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Codrea et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
Haţeg Basin |
Romania |
A kogaionid multituberculate, a species of Barbatodon. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Cifelli, Davis & Sames |
Late Berriasian or Valanginian |
United States |
A plagiaulacid multituberculate, a species of Bolodon. |
|||
Chaoyangodens[14] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Hou & Meng |
Early Cretaceous |
China |
A member of Eutriconodonta of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Chaoyangodens lii. |
||
Ectypodus arctos[15] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Beard & Dawson |
Late early Eocene |
Margaret Formation |
Canada |
A neoplagiaulacid multituberculate, a species of Ectypodus. |
|
Infernolestes[13] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cifelli, Davis & Sames |
Late Berriasian or Valanginian |
United States |
A spalacotheriid symmetrodontan. The type species is Infernolestes rougieri. |
||
Lakotalestes[13] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cifelli, Davis & Sames |
Late Berriasian or Valanginian |
United States |
A mammal of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Originally described as a dryolestid trechnotherian, but subsequently argued to be a possible member of Meridiolestida.[16] The type species is Lakotalestes luoi. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid[18] |
Debuysschere, Gheerbrant & Allain |
Late Triassic (Rhaetian) |
France |
A morganucodont, a species of Megazostrodon. |
|||
Passumys[13] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cifelli, Davis & Sames |
Late Berriasian or Valanginian |
United States |
An allodontoid multituberculate. The type species is Passumys angelli. |
||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[18] |
Debuysschere, Gheerbrant & Allain |
Late Triassic (Rhaetian) |
France |
A morganucodont. The type species is Rosierodon anceps. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bi et al. |
Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) |
China |
A euharamiyidan allotherian of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Shenshou lui. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Krause et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
Madagascar |
A sudamericid gondwanatherian. The type species is Vintana sertichi. |
|||
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Bi et al. |
Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) |
China |
An eleutherodontid euharamiyidan allotherian. Genus contains two species: Xianshou linglong and Xianshou songae. |
Newly named eutherians
Xenarthrans
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Pujos et al. |
Middle Miocene (Laventan) |
Honda Group |
Bolivia |
A nothrotheriid sloth. The type species is Lakukullus anatisrostratus. |
||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Brandoni |
Miocene (Tortonian) |
Argentina |
A megalonychid sloth; a new genus for "Ortotherium" brevirostrum" Bordas, 1942. |
|||
Pliodasypus[23] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Castro et al. |
Middle Pliocene |
Venezuela |
An armadillo related to the species assigned to the genus Dasypus. The type species is Pliodasypus vergelianus. |
Afrotherians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Garrido & Arribas |
Early Pleistocene |
Spain |
A gomphothere, a subspecies of Anancus arvernensis. |
|||
Brevirhynchocyon[25] |
Nom. nov |
Valid |
Senut & Georgalis |
Miocene |
Namibia |
An elephant shrew; a replacement name for Brachyrhynchocyon Senut, 2008 (preoccupied). |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Vélez-Juarbe & Domning |
Late Oligocene |
United States |
A halitheriine dugongid, a species of Metaxytherium. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gheerbrant in Gheerbrant et al. |
Paleocene (Thanetian) |
Ouled Abdoun Basin |
Morocco |
An afrotherian of uncertain phylogenetic placement, probably related to the clade Paenungulata. With description of new material of O. daouiensis and erection of the monotypic family Ocepeiidae, Ocepeia becomes the oldest known Afrotherian skull and best-known African mammal of the Paleocene.[27] |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
van der Geer et al. |
Late Pleistocene |
Greece |
A member of Elephantidae, a species of Palaeoloxodon. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Vélez-Juarbe & Domning |
Early Oligocene |
United States ( Puerto Rico and South Carolina) |
A halitheriine dugongid. The type species is Priscosiren atlantica. |
Bats
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corbarhina[30] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Sigé et al. |
Early Miocene |
France |
A rhinopomatid bat. The type species is Corbarhina handae. |
||
Cuvierimops legendrei[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Early Oligocene |
France |
A free-tailed bat, a species of Cuvierimops. |
||
Cuvierimops parisiensis intermedius[31] |
Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A free-tailed bat, a subspecies of Cuvierimops parisiensis. |
||
Cuvierimops parisiensis priscus[31] |
Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A free-tailed bat, a subspecies of Cuvierimops parisiensis. |
||
Hipposideros (Pseudorhinolophus) major[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene to early Oligocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Hipposideros. |
||
Hipposideros (Pseudorhinolophus) morloti sequens[31] |
Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene to early Oligocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a subspecies of Hipposideros morloti. |
||
Hipposideros (Pseudorhinolophus) russelli[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Hipposideros. |
||
Hipposideros (Pseudorhinolophus) schlosseri salemensis[31] |
Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a subspecies of Hipposideros schlosseri. |
||
Hipposideros (Pseudorhinolophus) tenuis[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Hipposideros. |
||
Palaeophyllophora nova[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Early Oligocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Palaeophyllophora. |
||
Palaeophyllophora parva[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene to early Oligocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Palaeophyllophora. |
||
Palaeophyllophora rosierensis[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene to early Oligocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Palaeophyllophora. |
||
Phasmatonycteris[32] |
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Gunnell, Simmons & Seiffert |
Late Eocene (Priabonian) to early Oligocene (Rupelian) |
Birket Qarun Formation |
Egypt |
A myzopodid bat. Genus contains two species: Phasmatonycteris phiomensis and Phasmatonycteris butleri (the type species was not designated). |
||
Pipistrellus semenovi[33] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Rosina & Sinitsa |
Miocene (early Turolian) |
Ukraine |
A vesper bat, a species of Pipistrellus. |
||
Protorhinolophus[34] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ravel et al. |
Middle Eocene |
China |
A horseshoe bat. The type species is Protorhinolophus shanghuangensis. |
||
Stehlinia alia[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Middle Eocene |
France |
A member of Palaeochiropterygidae, a species of Stehlinia. |
||
Stehlinia gracilis mutans[31] |
Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene to Oligocene |
France |
A member of Palaeochiropterygidae, a subspecies of Stehlinia gracilis. |
||
Stehlinia revilliodi[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Middle Eocene |
France |
A member of Palaeochiropterygidae, a species of Stehlinia. |
||
Vaylatsia astruci[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Vaylatsia. |
||
Vaylatsia cregolensis[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Vaylatsia. |
||
Vaylatsia frequens[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene to early Oligocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Vaylatsia. |
||
Vaylatsia pelissiei[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Early Oligocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Vaylatsia. |
||
Vaylatsia valettei[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A member of Hipposideridae, a species of Vaylatsia. |
||
Vespertiliavus disjunctus[31] |
Sp. et 2 subsp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Eocene to Oligocene |
France |
A sac-winged bat, a species of Vespertiliavus. The species contains two subspecies: Vespertiliavus disjunctus disjunctus and Vespertiliavus disjunctus nauzensis. |
||
Vespertiliavus (Sigeia) lizierensis[31] |
Subgen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Late Eocene |
France |
A sac-winged bat, a species of Vespertiliavus. |
||
Vespertiliavus (Sigeia) recens[31] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Maitre |
Early Oligocene |
France |
A sac-winged bat, a species of Vespertiliavus. |
Odd-toed ungulates
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acerorhinus neleus[35] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Athanassiou et al. |
Late Miocene |
Greece |
A rhinoceros, a species of Acerorhinus. |
||
Epiceratherium naduongense[36] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Böhme et al. |
Late Eocene |
Vietnam |
A member of Rhinocerotidae, a species of Epiceratherium. |
||
Equus cedralensis[37] |
Sp. nov. |
Disputed |
Alberdi et al. |
Late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) |
Mexico |
A member of Equidae. Originally described as a species of Equus; considered to be a junior synonym of Haringtonhippus francisci by Jiménez-Hidalgo & Díaz-Sibaja (2020).[38] |
||
Ghazijhippus[39] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Missiaen & Gingerich |
Eocene (Ypresian) |
Ghazij Formation |
Pakistan |
An odd-toed ungulate of uncertain phylogenetic placement; considered to be a basal member of the family Equidae by Bai, Wang & Meng (2018).[40] The type species is Ghazijhippus talibhasani. |
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lazaridis & Tsoukala |
Turolian |
Greece |
A member of Equidae, a species of Hipparion. |
|||
Meridiolophus[42] |
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Bai et al. |
Early Eocene |
Huayong Formation |
China |
A member of (probably non-monophyletic) family 'Isectolophidae'; a basal member of Tapiromorpha. The type species is Meridiolophus expansus. |
|
Nestoritherium fuguense[43] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Xue et al. |
Late Miocene |
Lamagou Formation |
China |
A chalicothere, a species of Nestoritherium. |
|
Perissobune[39] |
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Missiaen & Gingerich |
Eocene (Ypresian) |
Ghazij Formation |
Pakistan |
An odd-toed ungulate of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Perissobune intizarkhani; genus also contains Perissobune munirulhaqi. |
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ferrusquía-Villafranca et al. |
Late Miocene |
Mexico |
A member of Equidae, a species of Pliohippus. |
|||
Rhinoceros fusuiensis[45] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Yan et al. |
Early Pleistocene |
China |
A rhinoceros, a species of Rhinoceros. |
Even-toed ungulates
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afromeryx grex[46] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Miller et al. |
Early Miocene |
Wadi Moghra site |
Egypt |
A member of Anthracotheriidae, a species of Afromeryx. |
|
Afromeryx palustris[46] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Miller et al. |
Early Miocene |
Wadi Moghra site |
Egypt |
A member of Anthracotheriidae, a species of Afromeryx. |
|
Antilope intermedia[47] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Khan & Akhtar |
Late Pliocene |
Tatrot Formation |
Pakistan |
||
Bakalovia orientalis[36] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Böhme et al. |
Vietnam |
A member of Anthracotheriidae, a species of Bakalovia. |
|||
Bubalus brevicornis chowi[48] |
Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Dong et al. |
Early Pleistocene |
China |
|||
Camelus grattardi[49] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Geraads |
Early Pleistocene |
Ethiopia |
A camel. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Hou & Deng |
Late Miocene |
Liushu Formation |
China |
A member of Suidae, a species of Chleuastochoerus. |
||
Eostyloceros hezhengensis[51] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Deng et al. |
Late Miocene |
Liushu Formation |
China |
A deer, a species of Eostyloceros. |
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Stucky & Covert |
Early Eocene (Ypresian) |
United States |
A homacodontid. The type species is Gagadon minimonstrum. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Disputed |
Van der Geer |
Late Miocene |
Italy |
A hoplitomerycid cervoid (relative of deers), a species of Hoplitomeryx. Mazza et al. (2016) considered the species to be based on dubious body mass calculations and size class scoring.[54] |
|||
Sp. nov |
Disputed |
Van der Geer |
Late Miocene |
Italy |
A hoplitomerycid cervoid (relative of deers), a species of Hoplitomeryx. Mazza et al. (2016) considered the species to be based on dubious body mass calculations and size class scoring.[54] |
|||
Sp. nov |
Disputed |
Van der Geer |
Late Miocene |
Italy |
A hoplitomerycid cervoid (relative of deers), a species of Hoplitomeryx. Mazza et al. (2016) considered the species to be based on dubious body mass calculations and size class scoring.[54] |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Miller et al. |
Early Miocene |
Wadi Moghra site |
Egypt |
A member of Anthracotheriidae. The type species is Jaggermeryx naida. |
||
Lagomeryx manai[55] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Suraprasit et al. |
Late middle Miocene |
Mae Moh Basin |
Thailand |
A lagomerycine deer, a species of Lagomeryx. |
|
Sp. nov |
Valid[57] |
Lihoreau et al. |
Late Miocene |
Chad |
A member of Anthracotheriidae, a species of Libycosaurus. |
|||
Megaloceros novocarthaginiensis[58] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Van der Made |
Early Pleistocene |
Spain |
A species of Megaloceros. |
||
Mosaicomeryx[59] |
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid[60] |
Mennecart & Métais |
Oligocene |
France |
A stem-pecoran; a new genus for "Gelocus" quercyi Jehenne (1987). |
||
Muntiacus zhaotongensis[62] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Dong et al. |
Late Miocene |
China |
A muntjac. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Boisserie et al. |
Late Miocene |
Toros-Ménalla fossiliferous area |
Chad |
A tetraconodontine suid, a species of Nyanzachoerus. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Pickford & Laurent |
Miocene |
Serbia |
A tetraconodontine suid. |
|||
Scontromeryx[53] |
Gen. et comb. et sp. nov |
Disputed |
Van der Geer |
Late Miocene |
Italy |
A hoplitomerycid cervoid (relative of deers). A new genus for "Hoplitomeryx" minutus Mazza & Rustioni, 2011; genus also contains "H." falcidens Mazza & Rustioni, 2011, "H." apulicus Mazza & Rustioni, 2011, "H." apruthiensis Mazza & Rustioni, 2011, "H." magnus Mazza & Rustioni, 2011 and a new species Scontromeryx mazzai. Mazza et al. (2016) considered the genus Scontromeryx to be invalid and the species S. mazzai to be imperfectly defined.[54] |
||
Shaanxispira linxiaensis[65] |
Sp. nov |
Valid[66] |
Shi et al. |
Upper Miocene |
China |
A member of Bovidae, possibly a member of Ovibovini; a species of Shaanxispira. |
||
Stephanocemas guangheensis[67] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Deng et al. |
Middle Miocene |
Dongxiang Formation |
China |
A lagomerycine deer, a species of Stephanocemas. |
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Disputed |
Prothero et al. |
Late Miocene or Quaternary[69] |
Madre de Dios Formation |
Border between Bolivia and Brazil |
Originally described as a dromomerycine palaeomerycid. The type species is Surameryx acrensis. Gasparini et al. (2021) reinterpreted S. woodburnei as described on the basis of fossils of a deer.[69] |
||
Sus xiaozhu wenzhongi[70] |
Subsp. nov |
Valid |
Dong et al. |
Middle-Late Pleistocene |
China |
A pig, a subspecies of Sus xiaozhu. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Shi |
Late Miocene |
Liushu Formation |
China |
An ovibovine bovid, a species of Tsaidamotherium. |
||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Pickford |
Miocene |
Austria |
A tetraconodontine suid. The type species is Versoporcus steinheimensis (Fraas 1870); genus also includes Versoporcus grivensis (Gaillard 1899). |
Cetaceans
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gol’din & Startsev |
Late Miocene |
Chersonian Formation |
Ukraine |
A cetotheriid baleen whale. The type species is Brandtocetus chongulek. |
||
Cotylocara[74] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Geisler, Colbert & Carew |
Oligocene |
United States |
An odontocete. The type species is Cotylocara macei. |
||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bajpai & Thewissen |
Eocene |
Harudi Formation |
India |
A member of Protocetidae. The type species is Dhedacetus hyaeni. |
||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Murakami et al. |
Late Miocene |
Mashike Formation |
Japan |
An oceanic dolphin. A new genus for "Stenella" kabatensis Horikawa, 1977. |
||
Herentalia[78] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[79] |
Bisconti |
Miocene |
Belgium |
A cetotheriid baleen whale. The type species is Herentalia nigra. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
El Adli, Deméré & Boessenecker |
Late Pliocene |
United States |
A cetotheriid baleen whale, a species of Herpetocetus. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lambert, Bianucci & Urbina |
Early Miocene |
Chilcatay Formation |
Peru |
A river dolphin, a member of Squalodelphinidae. The type species is Huaridelphis raimondii. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Salinas-Márquez et al. |
Middle Miocene |
Rosarito Beach Formation |
Mexico |
A kentriodontid delphinoid, a species of Kentriodon. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kazár & Hampe |
Middle or Late Miocene |
Germany |
A kentriodontid delphinoid, a species of Kentriodon. |
|||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Bajpai & Thewissen |
Eocene |
Harudi Formation |
India |
A member of Protocetidae; a new genus for "Gaviacetus" sahni Bajpai & Thewissen (1998). |
||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Tanaka & Fordyce |
Late Oligocene |
Otekaike Limestone |
New Zealand |
A relative of Waipatia maerewhenua and the South Asian river dolphin; a new genus for "Prosqualodon" marplesi Dickson (1964). |
||
Papahu[85] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Aguirre-Fernández & Fordyce |
Early Miocene |
Kaipuke Formation |
New Zealand |
A dolphin. The type species is Papahu taitapu. |
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Racicot, Deméré, Beatty & Boessenecker |
Pliocene |
United States |
A porpoise. The type species is Semirostrum ceruttii. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gingerich & Cappetta |
Eocene (middle Lutetian) |
Togo |
A protocetid cetacean. The type species is Togocetus traversei. |
|||
Gen. et sp. et comb. nov |
Valid[89] |
Boessenecker & Fordyce |
Late Oligocene |
New Zealand |
An eomysticetid baleen whale. The type species is Tohoraata raekohao; genus also contains "Mauicetus" waitakiensis Marples (1956). |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Tarasenko |
Late Miocene |
Russia |
A cetotheriid. The type species is Zygiocetus nartorum. |
Carnivorans
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Koretsky & Domning |
Early to middle Miocene |
Marada Formation |
Libya |
A monachine earless seal. The type species is Afrophoca libyca. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid[93] |
Werdelin, Lewis & Haile-Selassie |
Pliocene |
Ethiopia |
A member of Canidae, a species belonging to the (paraphyletic) genus Eucyon. |
|||
Gryphoca nordica[94] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Koretsky, Rahmat & Peters |
Late Miocene to early Pliocene |
Denmark |
A phocine earless seal, a species of Gryphoca. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Li |
Late Pliocene |
Mazegou Formation |
China |
A member of Felidae, a species of Metailurus. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Tseng et al. |
Late Miocene to early Pliocene |
Zanda Formation |
China |
A pantherine felid, a species of Panthera. |
||
Platyphoca danica[94] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Koretsky, Rahmat & Peters |
Miocene (early-middle Tortonian) |
Denmark |
A phocine earless seal, a species of Platyphoca. |
||
Pontophoca jutlandica[94] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Koretsky, Rahmat & Peters |
Miocene (early-middle Tortonian) |
Denmark |
A monachine earless seal, a species of Pontophoca. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Qiu, Deng & Wang |
Late Miocene (late Bahean) |
Liushu Formation |
China |
An ursine bear, a species of Ursavus. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Early Pliocene |
Kunlun Pass Basin |
China |
A fox related to the Arctic fox. |
||
Yunnanotherium[99] |
Gen. et sp. et comb. nov |
Junior homonym |
Qi |
Late Miocene |
China |
A meline mustelid. The type species is Yunnanotherium lufengense; genus also contains "Trochotherium" yuanmouense Zong (1997). The generic name is preoccupied by Yunnanotherium Han (1986). |
Rodents
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acrolophomys[100] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kelly & Whistler |
Late Miocene |
Dove Spring Formation |
United States |
A cricetid rodent. The type species is Acrolophomys rhodopetros. |
|
Antecalomys coxae[100] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Kelly & Whistler |
Late Miocene |
Dove Spring Formation |
United States |
A cricetid rodent, a species of Antecalomys. |
|
Changquin[101] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Vucetich et al. |
Late Oligocene (Deseadan) |
Sarmiento Formation |
Argentina |
An acaremyid octodontoid caviomorph. The type species is Changquin woodi. |
|
Comtia[102] |
Gen. et sp. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Vianey-Liaud in Vianey-Liaud et al. |
Oligocene (early Chattian), possibly also early Miocene |
France |
A member of Sciuridae. The type species is Comtia bernardi Vianey-Liaud in Vianey-Liaud et al. (2014); genus might also contain "Sciurus" giganteus Freudenberg (1941). |
||
Cordimus[103] |
Gen. et 3 sp. nov |
Valid[104] |
Zijlstra et al. |
Late Pliocene or early Pleistocene to Holocene |
Bonaire |
A cricetid rodent. Genus contains three species: Cordimus hooijeri, Cordimus debuisonjei and Cordimus raton. |
||
Cricetodon nievei[105] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
López-Guerrero et al. |
Middle Miocene |
Spain |
A cricetodontine cricetid, a species of Cricetodon. |
||
Douglassciurus bjorki[106] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Korth |
Oligocene (Whitneyan) |
United States |
A sciurid rodent, a species of Douglassciurus. |
||
Dudumus[107] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Arnal et al. |
Early Miocene |
Argentina |
An octodontoid caviomorph rodent. The type species is Dudumus ruigomezi. |
||
Eospalax lingtaiensis[108] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Liu et al. |
Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene |
China |
|||
Eospalax simplicidens[108] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Liu et al. |
Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene |
China |
|||
Heosminthus borrae[109] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Daxner-Höck, Badamgarav & Maridet |
Oligocene to early Miocene |
Hsanda Gol Formation |
Mongolia |
||
Heosminthus chimidae[109] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Daxner-Höck, Badamgarav & Maridet |
Oligocene |
Hsanda Gol Formation |
Mongolia |
||
Lindsaymys[100] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kelly & Whistler |
Late Miocene |
Dove Spring Formation |
United States |
A cricetid rodent. The type species is Lindsaymys takeuchii. |
|
Lophocricetus cimishliensis[110] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Delinschi |
Late Miocene (middle Turolian) |
Balta Formation |
Moldova |
A member of Dipodidae, a species of Lophocricetus. |
|
Maxomys pliosurifer[111] |
Sp. nov |
Valid[112] |
Nishioka et al. |
Late Pliocene |
Myanmar |
|||
Megacricetodon yenicekentensis[113] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Erten, Sen & Görmüş |
Miocene |
Turkey |
A cricetid, a species of Megacricetodon. |
||
Niedemys[114] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kerber et al. |
Late Quaternary |
Brazil |
A chinchilloid caviomorph,[114] possibly a dinomyid.[115] The type species is Niedemys piauiensis. |
||
Onjosminthus[109] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Daxner-Höck, Badamgarav & Maridet |
Early Oligocene |
Hsanda Gol Formation |
Mongolia |
||
Paciculus cedrus[106] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Korth |
Oligocene (Whitneyan) |
United States |
A cricetid rodent, a species of Paciculus. |
||
Plesiosminthus olzi[109] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Daxner-Höck, Badamgarav & Maridet |
Early Miocene |
Loh Formation |
Mongolia |
||
Primoprismus[116] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Maridet et al. |
Early Miocene |
China |
A microtoid cricetid. The type species is Primoprismus fejfari. |
||
Protophiomys tunisiensis[117] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Marivaux et al. |
Eocene (Bartonian) |
Tunisia |
A member of Hystricognathi, a species of Protophiomys. |
||
Qaidamomys[118] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Li & Wang |
Late Miocene |
China |
A murid. The type species is Qaidamomys fortelii |
||
Reigechimys simplex[119] |
Sp. nov |
Valid[120] |
Sostillo, Montalvo & Verzi |
Late Miocene (Huayquerian) |
Argentina |
An echimyid, a species of Reigechimys. |
||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Machado et al. |
Pleistocene |
Tarija Formation |
Bolivia |
An oryzomyine rodent; a new genus for "Holochilus" primigenus Steppan (1996). |
||
Rotundomys intimus[122] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
López-Antoñanzas, Peláez-Campomanes & Álvarez-Sierra |
Late Miocene |
Spain |
A cricetid rodent, a species of Rotundomys. |
||
Vasseuromys bergasensis[123] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ruiz-Sánchez et al. |
Late Oligocene |
Spain |
A dormouse, a species of Vasseuromys. |
Primates and plesiadapiforms
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amamria[124] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Marivaux et al. |
Eocene (Bartonian) |
Tunisia |
An early simian or a relative of simians. The type species is Amamria tunisiensis. |
||
Nannodectes lynasi[125] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lofgren et al. |
Goler Formation |
United States |
A plesiadapid, a species of Nannodectes. |
||
Notnamaia[126] |
Nom. nov |
Valid |
Pickford & Uhen |
Eocene (Lutetian) |
Namibia |
Probably a member of the family Adapidae;[127] a replacement name for Namaia Pickford et al., 2008 (preoccupied). |
||
Pandemonium hibernalis[128] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Fox et al. |
Canada |
A plesiadapiform, a species of Pandemonium. |
|||
Ursolestes[129] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[130] |
Fox, Scott & Buckley |
United States |
A plesiadapiform related to Purgatorius. The type species is Ursolestes perpetior. |
Others
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aatotomus[131] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Rankin |
Late Paleocene |
Canada |
A member of Pantolestidae. The type species is Aatotomus placochton. |
||
Aceroryctes[132] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Rankin & Holroyd |
Eocene (early Wasatchian) |
United States |
A member of Palaeoryctidae. The type species is Aceroryctes dulcis. |
||
Antofagastia[133] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[134] |
García-López & Babot |
Late Eocene |
Argentina |
An interatheriid notoungulate. The type species is Antofagastia turneri. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Seoane & Cerdeño |
Late Oligocene (Deseadan) |
Agua de la Piedra Formation |
Argentina |
A homalodotheriid notoungulate, a species of Asmodeus. |
||
Bessoecetor krausei[131] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Rankin |
Late Paleocene |
Canada |
A member of Pantolestidae, a species of Bessoecetor. |
||
Boritia[136] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Solé, Falconnet & Yves |
Early Eocene |
France |
A proviverrine hyaenodontid. The type species is Boritia duffaudi. |
||
Depaulacoutoia[137] |
Nom. nov |
Junior homonym |
Cifelli & Ortiz-Jaureguizar |
Paleogene (Itaboraian) |
Itaboraí Formation |
Brazil |
A didolodontid "condylarth"; a replacement name for Paulacoutoia Cifelli, 1983 (preoccupied). The replacement name itself is a junior homonym of Depaulacoutoia Kretzoi & Kretzoi (2000); Mones (2015) coined a new replacement name Ricardocifellia.[138] |
|
Desmanodon larsi[139] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Furió, van Dam & Kaya |
Late Miocene |
Turkey |
A member of Talpidae, a species of Desmanodon. |
||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Solé et al. |
Earliest Eocene |
Belgium |
A member of Carnivoramorpha and Carnivoraformes; a new genus for "Miacis" latouri Quinet, 1966. |
|||
Eoproviverra[136] |
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Solé, Falconnet & Yves |
Early Eocene |
France |
A proviverrine hyaenodontid; a new genus for "Proviverra" eisenmanni Godinot (1981). |
||
Erenlagus[141] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Fostowicz-Frelik & Li |
Middle Eocene |
Irdin Manha Formation |
China |
An early member of Lagomorpha. The type species is Erenlagus anielae. |
|
Furodon[142] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Solé et al. |
Eocene (late Ypresian or middle Lutetian) |
Algeria |
A hyainailourine hyaenodontid. The type species is Furodon crocheti. |
||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[144] |
Cerdeño & Vera |
Late Oligocene (Deseadan) |
Agua de la Piedra Formation |
Argentina |
A leontiniid notoungulate. The type species is Gualta cuyana. |
||
Leonhardtina godinoti[136] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Solé, Falconnet & Yves |
Early Eocene |
France |
A proviverrine hyaenodontid, a species of Leonhardtina. |
||
Minimovellentodon[136] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Solé, Falconnet & Yves |
Early Eocene |
France |
A proviverrine hyaenodontid. The type species is Minimovellentodon russelli. |
||
Obergfellia[145] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cooper et al. |
Middle Eocene |
India |
A member of Anthracobunidae (a group of placental mammals of uncertain phylogenetic placement; might be stem-perissodactyls or relatives of proboscideans and sirenians). The type species is Obergfellia occidentalis. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Rankin |
Late Paleocene |
Canada |
A member of Pantolestidae, a species of Palaeosinopa. |
|||
Paleoungulatum[9] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kelly |
Latest Cretaceous? |
United States |
A "condylarth", possibly a member of the family Periptychidae. The type species is Paleoungulatum hooleyi. |
||
Parvavorodon[142] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Solé et al. |
Eocene (late Ypresian or middle Lutetian) |
Algeria |
A hyainailourine hyaenodontid. The type species is Parvavorodon gheerbranti. |
||
Promioclaenus walshi[125] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lofgren et al. |
Goler Formation |
United States |
A hyopsodontid, a species of Promioclaenus. |
||
Protoselene ashtoni[125] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lofgren et al. |
Goler Formation |
United States |
A hyopsodontid, a species of Protoselene. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid[147] |
Solé |
Early Eocene |
France |
A member of Carnivoramorpha and Carnivoraformes, a species of Quercygale. |
|||
Quyania europaea[148] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Rzebik-Kowalska |
Early Pliocene to early Pleistocene |
Poland |
A neurotrichine talpid, a species of Quyania. |
||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Eberle, Rybczynski & Greenwood |
Early Eocene |
Driftwood Creek beds |
Canada |
An erinaceid. The type species is Silvacola acares. |
||
Sinopa jilinia[150] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Morlo et al. |
Eocene |
Huadian Formation |
China |
A hyaenodontid, a species of Sinopa. |
|
Skoczenia[148] |
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Rzebik-Kowalska |
Early Pleistocene |
Poland |
A talpine talpid; a new genus for "Geotrypus" copernici Skoczeń (1980). |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid[147] |
Solé |
Early Eocene |
France |
A member of Carnivoramorpha and Carnivoraformes, a species of Uintacyon. |
|||
Zhalmouzia[151] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Averianov & Archibald in Averianov, Archibald & Dyke |
Santonian or Campanian |
Kazakhstan |
A zhelestid. The type species is Zhalmouzia bazhanovi. |
References
- ↑ Analía M. Forasiepi; M. Judith Babot; Natalia Zimicz (2014). "Australohyaena antiqua (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta), a large predator from the Late Oligocene of Patagonia". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (6): 503–525. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.926403.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/EDB0575A-C1D9-4C17-B6EB-3D761D1D7DB3
- ↑ Karen H. Black; Kenny J. Travouillon; Wendy Den Boer; Benjamin P. Kear; Bernard N. Cooke; Michael Archer (2014). "A New Species of the Basal "Kangaroo" Balbaroo and a Re-Evaluation of Stem Macropodiform Interrelationships". PLOS ONE 9 (11): e112705. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112705. PMID 25409233. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...9k2705B.
- ↑ Alvaro Mones (2014). "Contrerascynus, new name for Simpsonia Contreras, 1990 (Mammalia, Sparassodonta, Hathlyacynidae), non Rochebrune, 1904 (Bivalvia, Unionidae), non Baker, 1911 (Gastropoda, Lymnaeidae)". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 17 (3): 435–436. doi:10.4072/rbp.2014.3.12.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 K. J. Travouillon; S. J. Hand; M. Archer; K. H. Black (2014). "Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375–382. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.799071. https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Earliest_modern_bandicoot_and_bilby_Marsupialia_Peramelidae_and_Thylacomyidae_from_the_Miocene_of_the_Riversleigh_World_Heritage_Area_northwestern_Queensland_Australia/963509.
- ↑ K.J. Travouillon; B.N. Cooke; M. Archer; S.J. Hand (2014). "Revision of basal macropodids from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area with descriptions of new material of Ganguroo bilamina Cooke, 1997 and a new species". Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (1): 20A. doi:10.26879/402. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:335641/UQ335641_OA.pdf.
- ↑ Thomas E. Williamson; Donald L. Lofgren (2014). "Late Paleocene (Tiffanian) metatherians from the Goler Formation, California". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 477–482. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.804413.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 H. Bates; K. J. Travouillon; B. Cooke; R. M. D. Beck; S. J. Hand; M. Archer (2014). "Three new Miocene species of musky rat-kangaroos (Hypsiprymnodontidae, Macropodoidea): description, phylogenetics and paleoecology". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 383–396. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.812098.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Thomas S. Kelly (2014). "Preliminary report on the mammals from Lane's Little Jaw Site Quarry: a latest Cretaceous (earliest Puercan?) local fauna, Hell Creek Formation, southeastern Montana". Paludicola 10 (1): 50–91. https://paludicolavertpaleo.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/10-1-kelly-2014.pdf.
- ↑ Gloria Cuenca-Bescós; José I. Canudo; José M. Gasca; Miguel Moreno-Azanza; Richard L. Cifelli (2014). "Spalacotheriid 'symmetrodonts' from the Early Cretaceous of Spain". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (6): 1427–1436. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.866574.
- ↑ Alexander O. Averianov; Thomas Martin; Alexey Lopatin (2014). "The oldest dryolestid mammal from the Middle Jurassic of Siberia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (4): 924–931. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.837471.
- ↑ Vlad Aurel Codrea; Alexandru Adrian Solomon; Márton Venczel; Thierry Smith (2014). "A new kogaionid multituberculate mammal from the Maastrichtian of the Transylvanian Basin, Romania". Comptes Rendus Palevol 13 (6): 489–499. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2014.01.003.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Richard L. Cifelli; Brian M. Davis; Benjamin Sames (2014). "Earliest Cretaceous mammals from the western United States". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59 (1): 31–52. doi:10.4202/app.2012.0089.
- ↑ Shilin Hou; Jin Meng (2014). "A new eutriconodont mammal from the early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of Liaoning, China". Chinese Science Bulletin 59 (5–6): 546–553. doi:10.1007/s11434-013-0088-2. Bibcode: 2014ChSBu..59..546H.
- ↑ K. Christopher Beard; Mary R. Dawson (2014). "Northernmost global record for Multituberculata from the Eocene of Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (6): 1476–1480. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.875032.
- ↑ Thomas Martin; Alexander O. Averianov; Julia A. Schultz; Achim H. Schwermann; Oliver Wings (2021). "A derived dryolestid mammal indicates possible insular endemism in the Late Jurassic of Germany". The Science of Nature 108 (3): Article number 23. doi:10.1007/s00114-021-01719-z. PMID 33993371.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 M. Debuysschere; E. Gheerbrant; R. Allain (2014). "Earliest known European mammals: a review of the Morganucodonta from Saint-Nicolas-de-Port (Upper Triassic, France)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (10): 825–855. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.960486.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 http://zoobank.org/References/0D30F723-7D65-49B7-8375-BF916BFA0BBA
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Shundong Bi; Yuanqing Wang; Jian Guan; Xia Sheng; Jin Meng (2014). "Three new Jurassic euharamiyidan species reinforce early divergence of mammals". Nature 514 (7524): 579–584. doi:10.1038/nature13718. PMID 25209669. Bibcode: 2014Natur.514..579B.
- ↑ David W. Krause; Simone Hoffmann; John R. Wible; E. Christopher Kirk; Julia A. Schultz; Wighart von Koenigswald; Joseph R. Groenke; James B. Rossie et al. (2014). "First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism". Nature 515 (7528): 512–517. doi:10.1038/nature13922. PMID 25383528. Bibcode: 2014Natur.515..512K.
- ↑ François Pujos; Gerardo De Iuliis; Bernardino Mamani Quispe; Ruben Andrade Flores (2014). "Lakukullus anatisrostratus, gen. et sp. nov., a new massive nothrotheriid sloth (Xenarthra, Pilosa) from the middle Miocene of Bolivia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (5): 1243–1248. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.849716. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265606232.
- ↑ Diego Brandoni (2014). "A new genus of Megalonychidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Miocene of Argentina". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 17 (1): 33–42. doi:10.4072/rbp.2014.1.04.
- ↑ Mariela C. Castro; Alfredo A. Carlini; Rodolfo Sánchez; Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra (2014). "A new Dasypodini armadillo (Xenarthra: Cingulata) from San Gregorio Formation, Pliocene of Venezuela: affinities and biogeographic interpretations". Naturwissenschaften 101 (2): 77–86. doi:10.1007/s00114-013-1131-5. PMID 24414134. Bibcode: 2014NW....101...77C.
- ↑ Guiomar Garrido; Alfonso Arribas (2014). "The last Iberian gomphothere (Mammalia, Proboscidea): Anancus arvernensis mencalensis nov. ssp. from the earliest Pleistocene of the Guadix Basin (Granada, Spain)". Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (1): 4A. doi:10.26879/387.
- ↑ B. Senut; G.L. Georgalis (2014). "Brevirhynchocyon gen. nov., a new name for the genus Brachyrhynchocyon Senut, 2008 (Mammalia, Macroscelidea) preoccupied by Brachyrhynchocyon Loomis, 1936 (Mammalia, Carnivora)". Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 15: 69. http://www.mme.gov.na/files/publications/217_Senut_Georgalis-Brevirhynchocyon%20gen.%20nov.pdf.
- ↑ Jorge Vélez-Juarbe; Daryl P. Domning (2014). "Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean region. Ix. Metaxytherium albifontanum, sp. nov.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 444–464. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.799072. https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Fossil_Sirenia_of_the_West_Atlantic_and_Caribbean_region_Ix_i_Metaxytherium_albifontanum_i_sp_nov_/963516.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 Emmanuel Gheerbrant; Mbarek Amaghzaz; Baadi Bouya; Florent Goussard; Charlène Letenneur (2014). "Ocepeia (Middle Paleocene of Morocco): The Oldest Skull of an Afrotherian Mammal". PLOS ONE 9 (2): e89739. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089739. PMID 24587000. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...989739G.
- ↑ Alexandra A.E. van der Geer; George A. Lyras; Lars W. van den Hoek Ostende; John de Vos; Hara Drinia (2014). "A dwarf elephant and a rock mouse on Naxos (Cyclades, Greece) with a revision of the palaeozoogeography of the Cycladic Islands (Greece) during the Pleistocene". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 404: 133–144. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.04.003. Bibcode: 2014PPP...404..133V. http://repository.edulll.gr/3263.
- ↑ Jorge Vélez-Juarbe; Daryl P. Domning (2014). "Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean region: X. Priscosiren atlantica, gen. et sp. nov.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (4): 951–964. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.815192.
- ↑ Bernard Sigé; Pierre Mein; Hélène Jousse; Jean-Pierre Aguilar (2014). "Un nouveau Rhinopomatidae (Chiroptera) du Paléokarst miocène de Baixas (Pyrénées-Orientales, France) ; apport zoogéographique". Geodiversitas 36 (2): 257–281. doi:10.5252/g2014n2a3. https://zenodo.org/record/5375846.
- ↑ 31.00 31.01 31.02 31.03 31.04 31.05 31.06 31.07 31.08 31.09 31.10 31.11 31.12 31.13 31.14 31.15 31.16 31.17 31.18 31.19 31.20 31.21 Elodie Maitre (2014). "Western European middle Eocene to early Oligocene Chiroptera: systematics, phylogeny and palaeoecology based on new material from the Quercy (France)". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 133 (2): 141–242. doi:10.1007/s13358-014-0069-3.
- ↑ Gregg F. Gunnell; Nancy B. Simmons; Erik R. Seiffert (2014). "New Myzopodidae (Chiroptera) from the Late Paleogene of Egypt: Emended Family Diagnosis and Biogeographic Origins of Noctilionoidea". PLOS ONE 9 (2): e86712. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086712. PMID 24504061. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...986712G.
- ↑ Valentina V. Rosina; Maxim V. Sinitsa (2014). "Bats (Chiroptera, Mammalia) from the Turolian of the Ukraine: phylogenetic and biostratigraphic considerations". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 272 (2): 147–166. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2014/0403.
- ↑ Anthony Ravel; Laurent Marivaux; Tao Qi; Yuan-Qing Wang; K. Christopher Beard (2014). "New chiropterans from the middle Eocene of Shanghuang (Jiangsu Province, Coastal China): new insight into the dawn horseshoe bats (Rhinolophidae) in Asia". Zoologica Scripta 43 (1): 1–23. doi:10.1111/zsc.12027.
- ↑ Athanssios Athanassiou; Socrates J. Roussiakis; Ioannis X. Giaourtsakis; George E. Theodorou; George Iliopoulos (2014). "A new hornless rhinoceros of the genus Acerorhinus (Perissodactyla: Rhinocerotidae) from the Upper Miocene of Kerassiá (Euboea, Greece), with a revision of related forms". Palaeontographica Abteilung A 303 (1–3): 23–59. doi:10.1127/pala/303/2014/23. http://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/pala/detail/303/84435/A_new_hornless_rhionceros_of_the_genus_Acerorhinus_Perissodactyla_Rhinocerotidae_from_the_Upper_Miocene_of_Kerassia_Euboea_Greece_with_a_revision_of_related_forms. Retrieved 2014-11-09.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 Madelaine Böhme; Manuela Aiglstorfer; Pierre-Olivier Antoine; Erwin Appel; Philipe Havlik; Grégoire Métais; Laq The Phuc; Simon Schneider et al. (2014). "Na Duong (northern Vietnam) – an exceptional window into Eocene ecosystems from Southeast Asia.". Zitteliana A 53: 120–167. http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19019/1/zitteliana_2013_53_10.pdf.
- ↑ María Teresa Alberdi; Joaquín Arroyo-Cabrales; Alejandro H. Marín-Leyva; Oscar J. Polaco (2014). "Study of Cedral Horses and their place in the Mexican Quaternary". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 31 (2): 221–237. http://satori.geociencias.unam.mx/31-2/%2806%2931-2-Alberdi.pdf.
- ↑ Eduardo Jiménez-Hidalgo; Roberto Díaz-Sibaja (2020). "Was Equus cedralensis a non-stilt legged horse? Taxonomical implications for the Mexican Pleistocene horses". Ameghiniana 57 (3): 284–288. doi:10.5710/AMGH.06.01.2020.3262.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 Pieter Missiaen; Philip D. Gingerich (2014). "New Basal Perissodactyla (Mammalia) From The Lower Eocene Ghazij Formation of Pakistan". Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 32 (9): 139–160.
- ↑ Bin Bai; Yuan-Qing Wang; Jin Meng (2018). "The divergence and dispersal of early perissodactyls as evidenced by early Eocene equids from Asia". Communications Biology 1: Article number 115. doi:10.1038/s42003-018-0116-5. PMID 30271995.
- ↑ Georgios Lazaridis; Evangelia Tsoukala (2014). "Hipparion phlegrae, sp. nov. (Mammalia, Perissodactyla): a new species from the Turolian locality of Kryopigi (Kassandra, Chalkidiki, Greece)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (1): 164–178. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.781033.
- ↑ Bin Bai; Yuanqing Wang; Jin Meng; Qian Li; Xun Jin (2014). "New Early Eocene basal tapiromorph from southern China and its phylogenetic implications". PLOS ONE 9 (10): e110806. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110806. PMID 25353987. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...9k0806B.
- ↑ Xiang-Xu Xue; Tao Deng; Margery C. Coombs; Yun-Xiang Zhang (2014). "New chalicothere materials from the Late Miocene of Fugu, Shaanxi, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 (4): 401–426. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2014.04.006. http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/gjzdwxb/xbwzxz/201411/P020141119430122530710.pdf.
- ↑ Ismael Ferrusquía-Villafranca; José E. Ruiz-González; Enrique Martínez-Hernández; José Ramón Torres Hernández; Guillermo Woolrich-Piña (2014). "A new Miocene local fauna from the Sierra Madre Oriental at San Luis Potosí, Central-East Mexico, and its paleontologic significance". Geobios 47 (4): 199–220. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2014.06.004.
- ↑ Yaling Yan; Yuan Wang; Changzhu Jin; Jim I. Mead (2014). "New remains of Rhinoceros (Rhinocerotidae, Perissodactyla, Mammalia) associated with Gigantopithecus blacki from the Early Pleistocene Yanliang Cave, Fusui, South China". Quaternary International 354: 110–121. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.01.004. Bibcode: 2014QuInt.354..110Y.
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 46.2 Ellen R. Miller; Gregg F. Gunnell; Mohamed Abdel Gawad; Mohamed Hamdan; Ahmed N. El-Barkooky; Mark T. Clementz; Safiya M. Hassan (2014). "Anthracotheres from Wadi Moghra, early Miocene, Egypt". Journal of Paleontology 88 (5): 967–981. doi:10.1666/13-122.
- ↑ M. A. Khan; M. Akhtar (2014). "Antelopes (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Bovidae) from the Upper Siwaliks of Tatrot, Pakistan, with description of a new species". Paleontological Journal 48 (1): 79–89. doi:10.1134/S0031030114010055.
- ↑ Wei Dong; Jin-yi Liu; Li-min Zhang; Qin-qi Xu (2014). "The Early Pleistocene water buffalo associated with Gigantopithecus from Chongzuo in southern China". Quaternary International 354: 86–93. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.12.054. Bibcode: 2014QuInt.354...86D.
- ↑ Denis Geraads (2014). "Camelus grattardi, sp. nov., a new camel from the Shungura Formation, Omo Valley, Ethiopia, and the relationships of African fossil Camelidae (Mammalia)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (6): 1481–1485. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.880447.
- ↑ Sukuan Hou; Tao Deng (2014). "A new species of Chleuastochoerus (Artiodactyla: Suidae) from the Linxia Basin, Gansu Province, China". Zootaxa 3872 (5): 401–439. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.1. PMID 25544095.
- ↑ Tao Deng; Shi-Qi Wang; Qin-Qin Shi; Yi-Kun Li; Yu Li (2014). "A new species of Eostyloceros (Cervidae, Artiodactyla) from the Late Miocene of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China". Zootaxa 3893 (3): 363–381. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3893.3.3. PMID 25544527.
- ↑ Richard K. Stucky; Herbert H. Covert (2014). "A new genus and species of early Eocene (Ypresian) Artiodactyla (Mammalia), Gagadon minimonstrum, from Bitter Creek, Wyoming, U.S.A.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (3): 731–736. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.827580.
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 Alexandra A. E. Van der Geer (2014). "Systematic revision of the family Hoplitomerycidae Leinders, 1984 (Artiodactyla: Cervoidea), with the description of a new genus and four new species". Zootaxa 3847 (1): 1–32. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3847.1.1. PMID 25112323.
- ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 Paul Mazza; Maria Adelaide Rossi; Marco Rustioni; Silvano Agostini; Federico Masini; Andrea Savorelli (2016). "Observations on the postcranial anatomy of Hoplitomeryx (Mammalia, Ruminantia, Hoplitomerycidae) from the Miocene of the Apulia Platform (Italy)". Palaeontographica Abteilung A 307 (1–6): 105–147. doi:10.1127/pala/307/2016/105. https://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/pala/detail/307/87171/.
- ↑ Kantapon Suraprasit; Yaowalak Chaimanee; Herve Bocherens; Olivier Chavasseau; Jean-Jacques Jaeger (2014). "Systematics and phylogeny of middle Miocene Cervidae (Mammalia) from Mae Moh Basin (Thailand) and a paleoenvironmental estimate using enamel isotopy of sympatric herbivore species". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (1): 179–194. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.789038. https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Systematics_and_phylogeny_of_middle_Miocene_Cervidae_Mammalia_from_Mae_Moh_Basin_Thailand_and_a_paleoenvironmental_estimate_using_enamel_isotopy_of_sympatric_herbivore_species/963534.
- ↑ F. Lihoreau; J.-R. Boisserie; C. Blondel; L. Jacques; A. Likius; H. T. Mackaye; P. Vignaud; M. Brunet (2014). "Description and palaeobiology of a new species of Libycosaurus (Cetartiodactyla, Anthracotheriidae) from the Late Miocene of Toros-Menalla, northern Chad". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12 (7): 761–798. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.838609.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/8C0AD4BD-952D-4A60-94B8-6F7A23332171
- ↑ Jan van der Made (2014). "The latest Early Pleistocene giant deer Megaloceros novocarthaginiensis n. sp. and the fallow deer Dama cf. vallonnetensis from Cueva Victoria (Murcia, Spain)". Mastia. Revista del Museo Arqueológico Municipal de Cartagena 11-12-13: 269–323. ISSN 1579-3303. http://www.museoarqueologicocartagena.es/files/22-719-DOC_FICHERO1/19_rev_11_a_13.pdf.
- ↑ Bastien Mennecart; Grégoire Métais (2014). "Mosaicomeryx gen. nov., a ruminant mammal from the Oligocene of Europe and the significance of 'gelocids'". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (7): 581–600. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.948505.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/CC044612-B707-4CCD-B121-0830DA304396
- ↑ Grégoire Métais; Bastien Mennecart; Ghazala Roohi (2017). "A new assemblage of stem pecoran ruminants from the Oligocene Chitarwata Formation, Bugti Hills, Baluchistan, Pakistan: paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographic implications". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 136: 40–49. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.09.009. Bibcode: 2017JAESc.136...40M.
- ↑ Wei Dong; Xue-Ping Ji; Nina G. Jablonski; Denise F. Su; Wen-Qi Li (2014). "New materials of the Late Miocene Muntiacus from Zhaotong hominoid site in southern China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 (3): 316–327. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2014.03.004. http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/gjzdwxb/xbwzxz/201408/P020140808558140552032.pdf.
- ↑ Jean-Renaud Boisserie; Antoine Souron; Hassane Taïsso Mackaye; Andossa Likius; Patrick Vignaud; Michel Brunet (2014). "A New Species of Nyanzachoerus (Cetartiodactyla: Suidae) from the Late Miocene Toros-Ménalla, Chad, Central Africa". PLOS ONE 9 (8): e103221. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103221. PMID 25162699. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...9j3221B.
- ↑ M. Pickford; Y. Laurent (2014). "Valorisation of palaeontological collections: nomination of a lectotype for Conohyus simorrensis (Lartet, 1851), Villefranche d'Astarac, France, and description of a new genus of tetraconodont". Estudios Geológicos 70 (1): e002. doi:10.3989/egeol.41261.262.
- ↑ Shi, Qinqin; He, Wen; Chen, Shan-Qin (2014). "A new species of Shaanxispira (Bovidae, Artiodactyla) from the upper Miocene of China". Zootaxa 3794 (4): 501–513. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3794.4.1. PMID 24870338.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:844C9EF5-3A66-4F3D-B4FC-DD8081F21FEA
- ↑ Tao Deng; Xiao-Kang Lu; Qin-Qin Shi; Bo-Yang Sun; Shi-Qi Wang (2014). "A new species of crown-antlered deer Stephanocemas (Cervidae, Artiodactyla) from the Middle Miocene of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 (2): 171–182. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2014.02.002. http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/gjzdwxb/xbwzxz/201405/P020140509397145658640.pdf.
- ↑ Donald R. Prothero; Kenneth E. Campbell, Jr; Brian L. Beatty; Carl D. Frailey (2014). "New late Miocene dromomerycine artiodactyl from the Amazon Basin: implications for interchange dynamics". Journal of Paleontology 88 (3): 434–443. doi:10.1666/13-022.
- ↑ 69.0 69.1 Germán M. Gasparini; Rodrigo Parisi Dutra; Fernando A. Perini; Darin A. Croft; Mario A. Cozzuol; Rafaela V. Missagia; Spencer G. Lucas (2021). "On the supposed presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America". American Museum Novitates (3968): 1–27. doi:10.1206/3968.1. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/177230.
- ↑ Wei Dong; Yuan Wang; Changzhu Jin; Dagong Qin; Qinqi Xu; Limin Zhang (2014). "Artiodactyla Associated with Homo sapiens from Gongjishan, Chongzuo, Guangxi, South China". Acta Anthropologica Sinica 33 (3): 355–368. doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2014.03.002. http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/rlxxb/xbwzxz/201409/P020140903499764320561.pdf.
- ↑ Shi, QinQin (2014). "New species of Tsaidamotherium (Bovidae, Artiodactyla) from China sheds new light on the skull morphology and systematics of the genus". Science China Earth Sciences 57 (2): 258–266. doi:10.1007/s11430-013-4722-2. Bibcode: 2014ScChD..57..258S. http://earth.scichina.com:8080/sciDe/EN/volumn/volumn_6802.shtml. Retrieved 2014-08-09.
- ↑ Martin Pickford (2014). "Sus valentini FILHOL, 1882 from St Gaudens (MN 8-9) France: blighted from the outset but a key to understanding late Middle Miocene Tetraconodontinae (Suidae, Mammalia) of Europe". Mainzer Naturwissenschaftliches Archiv 51: 167–220.
- ↑ Pavel Gol’din; Dmitry Startsev (2014). "Brandtocetus, a new genus of baleen whales (Cetacea, Cetotheriidae) from the late Miocene of Crimea, Ukraine". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 419–433. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.799482.
- ↑ Jonathan H. Geisler; Matthew W. Colbert; James L. Carew (2014). "A new fossil species supports an early origin for toothed whale echolocation". Nature 508 (7496): 383–386. doi:10.1038/nature13086. PMID 24670659. Bibcode: 2014Natur.508..383G.
- ↑ 75.0 75.1 Sunil Bajpai; J.G.M. Thewissen (2014). "Protocetid cetaceans (Mammalia) from the Eocene of India". Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (3): 34A. doi:10.26879/459.
- ↑ Mizuki Murakami; Chieko Shimada; Yoshinori Hikida; Yuhji Soeda; Hiromichi Hirano (2014). "Eodelphis kabatensis, a new name for the oldest true dolphin Stenella kabatensis Horikawa, 1977 (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinidae), from the upper Miocene of Japan, and the phylogeny and paleobiogeography of Delphinoidea". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (3): 491–511. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.816720.
- ↑ Mizuki Murakami; Chieko Shimada; Yoshinori Hikida; Yuhji Soeda (2014). "Eodelphinus kabatensis, a replacement name for Eodelphis kabatensis (Cetacea: Delphinoidea: Delphinidae)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (5): 1261. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.938159.
- ↑ Michelangelo Bisconti (2014). "Anatomy of a new cetotheriid genus and species from the Miocene of Herentals, Belgium, and the phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical relationships of Cetotheriidae s.s. (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (5): 377–395. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.890136.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/DB1647B0-53E9-4014-B31A-F8B063923EB4
- ↑ Joseph J. El Adli; Thomas A. Deméré; Robert W. Boessenecker (2014). "Herpetocetus morrowi (Cetacea: Mysticeti), a new species of diminutive baleen whale from the Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) of California, USA, with observations on the evolution and relationships of the Cetotheriidae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 170 (2): 400–466. doi:10.1111/zoj.12108.
- ↑ Olivier Lambert; Giovanni Bianucci; Mario Urbina (2014). "Huaridelphis raimondii, a new early Miocene Squalodelphinidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from the Chilcatay Formation, Peru". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (5): 987–1004. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.858050.
- ↑ Fernando M. Salinas-Márquez; Lawrence G. Barnes; Juan G. Flores-Trujillo; Francisco J. Aranda-Manteca (2014). "Una especie de delfín fósil (Cetacea; Delphinoidea; Kentriodontoidae) del Mioceno Medio de Baja California". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 66 (1): 145–164. doi:10.18268/BSGM2014v66n1a11. http://boletinsgm.igeolcu.unam.mx/bsgm/index.php/component/content/article/189-sitio/articulos/cuarta-epoca/6601/890-6601-11-salinas.
- ↑ Emese Kazár; Oliver Hampe (2014). "A new species of Kentriodon (Mammalia, Odontoceti, Delphinoidea) from the middle/late Miocene of Groß Pampau (Schleswig-Holstein, North Germany)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (5): 1216–1230. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.857347.
- ↑ Yoshihiro Tanaka; R. Ewan Fordyce (2014). "Fossil Dolphin Otekaikea marplesi (Latest Oligocene, New Zealand) Expands the Morphological and Taxonomic Diversity of Oligocene Cetaceans". PLOS ONE 9 (9): e107972. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107972. PMID 25250733. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...9j7972T.
- ↑ Gabriel Aguirre-Fernández; R. Ewan Fordyce (2014). "Papahu taitapu, gen. et sp. nov., an early Miocene stem odontocete (Cetacea) from New Zealand". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (1): 195–210. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.799069. https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/127924/1/Papahu%20taitapu%20gen%20et%20sp%20nov%20an%20early%20Miocene%20stem%20odontocete%20Cetacea%20from%20New%20Zealand.pdf.
- ↑ Rachel A. Racicot; Thomas A. Deméré; Brian L. Beatty; Robert W. Boessenecker (2014). "Unique Feeding Morphology in a New Prognathous Extinct Porpoise from the Pliocene of California". Current Biology 24 (7): 774–779. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.02.031. PMID 24631245.
- ↑ Philip D. Gingerich; Henri Cappetta (2014). "A New Archaeocete and Other Marine Mammals (Cetacea and Sirenia) from Lower Middle Eocene Phosphate Deposits of Togo". Journal of Paleontology 88 (1): 109–129. doi:10.1666/13-040.
- ↑ Robert W. Boessenecker; R. Ewan Fordyce (2014). "A new Eomysticetid (Mammalia: Cetacea) from the Late Oligocene of New Zealand and a re-evaluation of 'Mauicetus' waitakiensis". Papers in Palaeontology 1 (2): 107–140. doi:10.1002/spp2.1005.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/5E411032-7704-41A7-90C5-320C7E7DBB44
- ↑ K. K. Tarasenko (2014). "New genera of baleen whales (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the Miocene of the northern Caucasus and Ciscaucasia: 3. Zygiocetus gen. nov. (Middle Sarmatian, Adygea)". Paleontological Journal 48 (5): 551–562. doi:10.1134/S0031030114050116.
- ↑ Irina A. Koretsky; Daryl P. Domning (2014). "One of the oldest seals (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the Old World". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (1): 224–229. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.787428.
- ↑ Lars Werdelin; Margaret E. Lewis; Yohannes Haile-Selassie (2015). "A critical review of African species of Eucyon (Mammalia; Carnivora; Canidae), with a new species from the Pliocene of the Woranso-Mille Area, Afar Region, Ethiopia". Papers in Palaeontology 1 (1): 33–40. doi:10.1002/spp2.1001.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/FAE571FA-9163-4D86-A16A-1AE6DB78F3AC
- ↑ 94.0 94.1 94.2 I. Koretsky; S. Rahmat; N. Peters (2014). "Rare Late Miocene Seal Taxa (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the North Sea Basin". Vestnik Zoologii 48 (5): 419–432. doi:10.2478/vzoo-2014-0050.
- ↑ Yu Li (2014). "Restudy of Metailurus major from Yushe Basin, Shanxi Province reported by Teilhard de Chardin and Leroy". Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 (4): 467–485. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2014.04.010. http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/gjzdwxb/xbwzxz/201411/P020141119437345518622.pdf.
- ↑ Z. Jack Tseng; Xiaoming Wang; Graham J. Slater; Gary T. Takeuchi; Qiang Li; Juan Liu; Guangpu Xie (2014). "Himalayan fossils of the oldest known pantherine establish ancient origin of big cats". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281 (1774): 20132686. doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.2686. PMID 24225466.
- ↑ Zhan-Xiang Qiu; Tao Deng; Ban-Yue Wang (2014). "A Late Miocene Ursavus skull from Guanghe, Gansu, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 (3): 265–302. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2014.03.001. http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/gjzdwxb/xbwzxz/201408/P020140808551230473870.pdf.
- ↑ Xiaoming Wang; Zhijie Jack Tseng; Qiang Li; Gary T. Takeuchi; Guangpu Xie (2014). "From 'third pole' to north pole: a Himalayan origin for the arctic fox". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281 (1787): 20140893. doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0893. PMID 24920475.
- ↑ Guoqin Qi (2014). "Melinae Fossils from the Lufengpithecus Locality, Yunnan". Acta Anthropologica Sinica 33 (3): 389–400. doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2014.03.004. http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/rlxxb/xbwzxz/201409/P020140903499832133065.pdf.
- ↑ 100.0 100.1 100.2 Thomas S. Kelly; David P. Whistler (2014). "New late Miocene (latest Clarendonian to early Hemphillian) cricetid rodents from the upper part of the Dove Spring Formation, Mojave Desert, California". Paludicola 10 (1): 1–48. https://paludicolavertpaleo.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/10-1-kelly-and-whistler-2014.pdf.
- ↑ María G. Vucetich; María E. Pérez; Martín R. Ciancio; Alfredo A. Carlini; Richard H. Madden; Matthew J. Kohn (2014). "A new acaremyid rodent (Caviomorpha, Octodontoidea) from Scarritt Pocket, Deseadan (late Oligocene) of Patagonia (Argentina)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (3): 689–698. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.804414. https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/A_new_acaremyid_rodent_Caviomorpha_Octodontoidea_from_Scarritt_Pocket_Deseadan_late_Oligocene_of_Patagonia_Argentina_/1017336.
- ↑ Monique Vianey-Liaud; Bernard Comte; Bernard Marandat; Stéphane Peigné; Jean-Claude Rage; Jean Sudre (2014). "A new early late Oligocene (MP 26) continental vertebrate fauna from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Alès Basin, Gard, Southern France)". Geodiversitas 36 (4): 565–622. doi:10.5252/g2014n4a4. https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01324886/file/g2014n4a4-low.pdf.
- ↑ Jelle S. Zijlstra; Donald A. McFarlane; Lars W. van den Hoek Ostende; Joyce Lundberg (2014). "New rodents (Cricetidae) from the Neogene of Curaçao and Bonaire, Dutch Antilles". Palaeontology 57 (5): 895–908. doi:10.1111/pala.12091.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/9DD8D93D-C5E9-45B3-8950-7100F88CBF3E
- ↑ Paloma López-Guerrero; M. Ángeles Álvarez-Sierra; Israel García-Paredes; Pablo Peláez-Campomanes (2014). "New Cricetodontini from the middle Miocene of Europe: an example of mosaic evolution". Bulletin of Geosciences 89 (3): 573–592. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1480.
- ↑ 106.0 106.1 William W. Korth (2014). "Rodents (Mammalia) from the Whitneyan (Middle Oligocene) Cedar Pass Fauna of South Dakota". Annals of Carnegie Museum 82 (4): 373–398. doi:10.2992/007.082.0404.
- ↑ Michelle Arnal; Alejandro G. Kramarz; M. Guiomar Vucetich; E. Carolina Vieytes (2014). "A new early Miocene octodontoid rodent (Hystricognathi, Caviomorpha) from Patagonia (Argentina) and a reassessment of the early evolution of Octodontoidea". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 397–406. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.808203. https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/A_new_early_Miocene_octodontoid_rodent_Hystricognathi_Caviomorpha_from_Patagonia_Argentina_and_a_reassessment_of_the_early_evolution_of_Octodontoidea/963515.
- ↑ 108.0 108.1 Li-Ping Liu; Shao-Hua Zheng; Ning Cui; Li-Hua Wang (2014). "Rootless myospalacines from Upper Pliocene to Lower Pleistocene of Wenwanggou section, Lingtai, Gansu". Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 (4): 440–466. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2014.04.009. http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/gjzdwxb/xbwzxz/201411/P020141119434153032164.pdf.
- ↑ 109.0 109.1 109.2 109.3 Gudrun Daxner-Höck; Demchig Badamgarav; Olivier Maridet (2014). "Dipodidae (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Oligocene and Early Miocene of Mongolia". Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie A 116: 131–213. http://olivier.maridet.pagesperso-orange.fr/files/Daxner_Hoeck_et_al_2014-Dipodidae.pdf.
- ↑ Andrian Delinschi (2014). "A new Turolian species Lophocricetus cimishliensis (Rodentia, Zapodidae) from the Republic of Moldova". Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (3): 35A. doi:10.26879/423. http://palaeo-electronica.org/content/2014/923-new-dipodid-from-moldova.
- ↑ Yuichiro Nishioka; Masanaru Takai; Takeshi Nishimura; Thaung Htike; Zin-Maung Maung-Thein; Naoko Egi; Takehisa Tsubamoto; Maung Maung (2015). "Late Pliocene rodents from the Irrawaddy sediments of central Myanmar and their palaeogeographical significance". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (4): 287–314. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.909537.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/0171B3BE-02D4-433C-A5CE-4729C537FAF8
- ↑ Hüseyin Erten; Sevket Sen; Muhi̇tti̇n Görmüş (2014). "Middle and late Miocene Cricetidae (Rodentia, Mammalia) from Denizli Basin (southwestern Turkey) and a new species of Megacricetodon". Journal of Paleontology 88 (3): 504–518. doi:10.1666/13-060.
- ↑ 114.0 114.1 Leonardo Kerber; Elver Luiz Mayer; Ana Maria Ribeiro; Maria Guiomar Vucetich (2014). "Late Quaternary caviomorph rodents (Rodentia: Hystricognathi) from the Serra da Capivara, northeastern Brazil, with description of a new taxon". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology 28 (4): 439–458. doi:10.1080/08912963.2014.967766.
- ↑ Leonardo Kerber; Elver Luiz Mayer; Anny Caroliny Gomes; Norma Nasif (2018). "On the morphological, taxonomic, and phylogenetic status of South American Quaternary dinomyid rodents (Rodentia: Dinomyidae)". PalZ 94 (1): 167–178. doi:10.1007/s12542-018-0435-3.
- ↑ Olivier Maridet; Wenyu Wu; Jie Ye; Jin Meng; Shundong Bi; Xijun Ni (2014). "An Early Miocene microtoid cricetid (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Junggar Basin of Xinjiang, China". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59 (1): 1–7. doi:10.4202/app.2012.0007.
- ↑ Laurent Marivaux; El M. Essid; Wissem Marzougui; Hayet Khayati Ammar; Sylvain Adnet; Bernard Marandat; Gilles Merzeraud; Rodolphe Tabuce et al. (2014). "A new and primitive species of Protophiomys (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from the late middle Eocene of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia". Palæovertebrata 38-1: 2034. http://palaeovertebrata.com/Articles/view/43.
- ↑ Qiang Li; Xiao-Ming Wang (2014). "Qaidamomys fortelii, a New Late Miocene Murid from Qaidam Basin, North Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China". Annales Zoologici Fennici 51 (1–2): 17–26. doi:10.5735/086.051.0203.
- ↑ Renata Sostillo; Claudia I. Montalvo; Diego H. Verzi (2014). "A new species of Reigechimys (Rodentia, Echimyidae) from the Late Miocene of central Argentina and the evolutionary pattern of the lineage". Ameghiniana 51 (4): 284–294. doi:10.5710/amgh.24.04.2014.2741. http://www.ameghiniana.org.ar/index.php/ameghiniana/article/view/2718.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/36DBCAF9-4937-405F-A065-7EF1170EA16C
- ↑ Leonardo F. Machado; Yuri L. R. Leite; Alexandre U. Christoff; Lilian G. Giugliano (2014). "Phylogeny and biogeography of tetralophodont rodents of the tribe Oryzomyini (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae)". Zoologica Scripta 43 (2): 119–130. doi:10.1111/zsc.12041.
- ↑ Raquel López-Antoñanzas; Pablo Peláez-Campomanes; Ángeles Álvarez-Sierra (2014). "New Species of Rotundomys (Cricetinae) from the Late Miocene of Spain and Its Bearing on the Phylogeny of Cricetulodon and Rotundomys". PLOS ONE 9 (11): e112704. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112704. PMID 25389967. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...9k2704L.
- ↑ Francisco Javier Ruiz-Sánchez; Jose Ignacio Lacomba-Andueza; Matthijs Freudenthal; Mari Ángeles Álvarez-Sierra (2014). "A new species of Vasseuromys (Gliridae, Mammalia) from the Upper Oligocene of the Ebro Basin (Spain)". Paläontologische Zeitschrift 88 (1): 73–84. doi:10.1007/s12542-013-0177-1. https://eprints.ucm.es/26265/1/art_10.1007_s12542-013-0177-1_01.pdf.
- ↑ Laurent Marivaux; El Mabrouk Essid; Wissem Marzougui; Hayet Khayati Ammar; Sylvain Adnet; Bernard Marandat; Gilles Merzeraud; Anusha Ramdarshan et al. (2014). "A morphological intermediate between eosimiiform and simiiform primates from the late middle Eocene of Tunisia: Macroevolutionary and paleobiogeographic implications of early anthropoids". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 154 (3): 387–401. doi:10.1002/ajpa.22523. PMID 24782403.
- ↑ 125.0 125.1 125.2 Donald Lofgren; Malcolm McKenna; James Honey; Randall Nydam; Christine Wheaton; Bryan Yokote; Lexington Henn; Whitney Hanlon et al. (2014). "New records of eutherian mammals from the Goler Formation (Tiffanian, Paleocene) of California and their biostratigraphic and paleobiogeographic implications". American Museum Novitates (3797): 1–57. doi:10.1206/3797.1. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/272708.
- ↑ M. Pickford; M. D. Uhen (2014). "Namaia Pickford et al., 2008, preoccupied by Namaia Green, 1963: proposal of a replacement name". Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 15: 91. http://www.mme.gov.na/files/publications/75b_Pickford_Uhen_Namaia%20Pickford%20et%20al.,%202008.pdf.
- ↑ Marc Godinot; Brigitte Senut; Martin Pickford (2018). "Primitive Adapidae from Namibia sheds light on the early primate radiation in Africa". Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 20: 140–162. http://www.mme.gov.na/files/publications/8c3_AA8%20Godinot,%20Senut,%20Pickford2018_%20Adapidae.pdf.
- ↑ Richard C. Fox; Brian D. Rankin; Craig S. Scott; Arthur R. Sweet (2014). "Second known occurrence of the early Paleocene plesiadapiform Pandemonium (Mammalia: Primates), with description of a new species". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 51 (12): 1059–1066. doi:10.1139/cjes-2014-0113. Bibcode: 2014CaJES..51.1059F.
- ↑ Richard C. Fox; Craig S. Scott; Gregory A. Buckley (2015). "A 'giant' purgatoriid (Plesiadapiformes) from the Paleocene of Montana, USA: mosaic evolution in the earliest primates". Palaeontology 58 (2): 277–291. doi:10.1111/pala.12141.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/6EC2758B-BDCC-4736-A640-E8BF8F20B04B
- ↑ 131.0 131.1 131.2 Brian D. Rankin (2014). "New pantolestids (Mammalia, Eutheria) from the late Paleocene (late middle Tiffanian) Roche Percée local fauna, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada". Journal of Paleontology 88 (6): 1199–1211. doi:10.1666/13-157.
- ↑ Brian D. Rankin; Patricia A. Holroyd (2014). "Aceroryctes dulcis, a new palaeoryctid (Mammalia, Eutheria) from the early Eocene of the Wasatch Formation of southwestern Wyoming, USA". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 51 (10): 919–926. doi:10.1139/cjes-2014-0101. Bibcode: 2014CaJES..51..919R.
- ↑ D. A. García-López; M. J. Babot (2014). "Notoungulate faunas of north-western Argentina: new findings of early-diverging forms from the Eocene Geste Formation". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (7): 557–579. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.930527.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/690E818B-D2CD-4E93-9C34-8305E8D7F847
- ↑ Federico Seoane; Esperanza Cerdeño (2014). "First extra-Patagonian record of Asmodeus Ameghino (Notoungulata, Homalodotheriidae) in the Late Oligocene of Mendoza Province, Argentina". Ameghiniana 51 (5): 373–384. doi:10.5710/amgh.07.07.2014.2735. http://www.ameghiniana.org.ar/index.php/ameghiniana/article/view/2735.
- ↑ 136.0 136.1 136.2 136.3 Floréal Solé; Jocelyn Falconnet; Laurent Yves (2014). "New proviverrines (Hyaenodontida) from the early Eocene of Europe; phylogeny and ecological evolution of the Proviverrinae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 878–917. doi:10.1111/zoj.12155.
- ↑ Richard L. Cifelli; Edgardo Ortiz-Jaureguizar (2014). "Depaulacoutoia, a replacement name for Paulacoutoia Cifelli, 1983, a preoccupied name". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (3): 730. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.820194.
- ↑ Alvaro Mones (2015). "Ricardocifellia, a replacement name for Paulacoutoia Cifelli, 1983, and Depaulacoutoia Cifelli and Ortiz-Jaureguizar, 2014 (Mammalia, 'Condylarthra,' Didolodontidae), and the status of Depaulacoutoia Kretzoi and Kretzoi, 2000 (Mammalia, Australidelphia, Polydolopimorphia)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 (5): e973571. doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.973571.
- ↑ Marc Furió; Jan van Dam; Ferhat Kaya (2014). "New insectivores (Lipotyphla, Mammalia) from the Late Miocene of the Sivas Basin, Central Anatolia". Bulletin of Geosciences 89 (1): 163–181. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1472.
- ↑ Floréal Solé; Richard Smith; Tiphaine Coillot; Eric de Bast; Thierry Smith (2014). "Dental and tarsal anatomy of 'Miacis' latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (1): 1–21. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.793195.
- ↑ Łucja Fostowicz-Frelik; Qian Li (2014). "A new genus of stem lagomorph (Mammalia: Glires) from the Middle Eocene of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China". Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 57 (1–2): 29–42. doi:10.3409/azc.57_1-2.29.
- ↑ 142.0 142.1 Solé, F.; Lhuillier, J.; Adaci, M.; Bensalah, M.; Mahboubi, M.; Tabuce, R. (2013-07-16). "The hyaenodontidans from the Gour Lazib area (?Early Eocene, Algeria): implications concerning the systematics and the origin of the Hyainailourinae and Teratodontinae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12 (3): 303–322. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.795196.
- ↑ Esperanza Cerdeño; Bárbara Vera (2014). "A new Leontiniidae (Notoungulata) from the Late Oligocene beds of Mendoza Province, Argentina". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (11): 943–962. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.982727.
- ↑ http://zoobank.org/References/17749C84-4028-4FC8-A140-E1A6FE02466D
- ↑ Lisa Noelle Cooper; Erik R. Seiffert; Mark Clementz; Sandra I. Madar; Sunil Bajpai; S. Taseer Hussain; J. G. M. Thewissen (2014). "Anthracobunids from the Middle Eocene of India and Pakistan Are Stem Perissodactyls". PLOS ONE 9 (10): e109232. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0109232. PMID 25295875. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...9j9232C.
- ↑ 146.0 146.1 Floréal Solé (2014). "New carnivoraforms from the early Eocene of Europe and their bearing on the evolution of the Carnivoraformes". Palaeontology 57 (5): 963–978. doi:10.1111/pala.12097.
- ↑ 147.0 147.1 http://zoobank.org/References/1628E97A-E7EC-491B-BFB0-921D2C170508
- ↑ 148.0 148.1 Barbara Rzebik-Kowalska (2014). "Review of the Pliocene and Pleistocene Talpidae (Soricomorpha, Mammalia) of Poland". Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (2): 26A. doi:10.26879/457.
- ↑ Jaelyn J. Eberle; Natalia Rybczynski; David R. Greenwood (2014). "Early Eocene mammals from the Driftwood Creek beds, Driftwood Canyon Provincial Park, northern British Columbia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (4): 739–746. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.838175.
- ↑ Michael Morlo; Katharina Bastl; Wu Wenhao; Stephan F. K. Schaal (2014). "The first species of Sinopa (Hyaenodontida, Mammalia) from outside of North America: implications for the history of the genus in the Eocene of Asia and North America". Palaeontology 57 (1): 111–125. doi:10.1111/pala.12052.
- ↑ Alexander Averianov; J. David Archibald; Gareth J. Dyke (2014). "A new eutherian mammal from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59 (3): 537–542. doi:10.4202/app.2011.0143.