Biology:APOBEC4
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C->U-editing enzyme APOBEC-4, also known as Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOBEC4 gene. It is primarily expressed in testis and found in mammals, chicken, but not fishes.[1][2]
Function
This gene encodes a member of the AID / APOBEC family of polynucleotide (deoxy)cytidine deaminases, which convert cytidine to uridine. Other AID/APOBEC family members are involved in mRNA editing, somatic hypermutation and recombination of immunoglobulin genes, and innate immunity to retroviral infection.[2]
A recent study on APOBEC4 (A4) revealed an interesting finding that A4 enhanced the replication of HIV-1 through boosting promoter activity, it also increased the expression of other relevant promoter mediated enhanced protein expression. Biochemical analysis of A4 showed the lack of cytidine deaminase activity on single stranded DNA and it binds DNA rather weak.[3]
References
- ↑ "APOBEC4, a new member of the AID/APOBEC family of polynucleotide (deoxy)cytidine deaminases predicted by computational analysis". Cell Cycle 4 (9): 1281–5. September 2005. doi:10.4161/cc.4.9.1994. PMID 16082223.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=403314.
- ↑ "APOBEC4 Enhances the Replication of HIV-1". PLOS ONE 11 (6): e0155422. 2016. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155422. PMID 27249646. Bibcode: 2016PLoSO..1155422M.
External links
- Human APOBEC4 genome location and APOBEC4 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Further reading
- "APOBEC deaminases-mutases with defensive roles for immunity". Science in China Series C: Life Sciences 52 (10): 893–902. October 2009. doi:10.1007/s11427-009-0133-1. PMID 19911124.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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