Biology:Haplogroup A-P305
| Haplogroup A1 | |
|---|---|
| Possible time of origin | 161,300 years BP[1] |
| Possible place of origin | Africa |
| Ancestor | A0-T |
| Descendants | A1a and A1b |
| Defining mutations | P305 |
Haplogroup A-P305 also known as A1 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Like its parent haplogroup haplogroup A0-T (A-L1085), A1 includes the vast majority of living human males. It emerged in Africa approximately 161,300 years ago. [1] By comparison, members of its sole sibling subclade, haplogroup A0 – the only other primary subclade of haplogroup A0-T – are found mostly in Africa.
Basal, undivergent A-P305* is largely restricted to populations native to Africa, though a handful of cases have been reported in Europe and Western Asia. A-P305* is found at its highest rates in Bakola Pygmies (South Cameroon) at 8.3% and Berbers from Tunisia at 1.5%[2] and in Ghana.[3] The clade also achieves high frequencies in the Bushmen hunter-gatherer populations of Southern Africa, followed closely by many Nilotic groups in Eastern Africa. However, haplogroup A's oldest sub-clades are exclusively found in Central-Northwest Africa, where it, and consequently Y-chromosomal Adam, is believed to have originated about 140,000 years ago.[2] The clade has also been observed at notable frequencies in certain populations in Ethiopia, as well as some Pygmy groups in Central Africa.
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "A1 YTree". https://www.yfull.com/tree/A1/.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "A revised root for the human Y chromosomal phylogenetic tree: the origin of patrilineal diversity in Africa". American Journal of Human Genetics 88 (6): 814–8. Jun 2011. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.05.002. PMID 21601174.
- ↑ "Molecular dissection of the basal clades in the human Y chromosome phylogenetic tree". PLOS ONE 7 (11): e49170. 2012. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049170. PMID 23145109. Bibcode: 2012PLoSO...749170S.
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