Biology:Nicotinamidase
Nicotinamidase (EC 3.5.1.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- REDIRECT Template:Chemical reaction
The enzyme characterised from Aspergillus niger and mammalian liver hydrolyses nicotinamide to nicotinic acid and ammonia. This reaction is part of the salvage pathway for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.[1][2][3] Inhibition of the enzyme has been suggested as a mechanism of insect control.[4]
The prodrug, pyrazinamide, is converted into the bacteriostatic pyrazinoic acid by this enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.[5]
This enzyme is a hydrolase, one acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is nicotinamide amidohydrolase. Other names in common use include nicotinamide deaminase, nicotinamide amidase, and YNDase.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1ILW, 1IM5, and 2H0R.
References
- ↑ "Studies on the enzymes involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism in Aspergillus niger". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 81 (2): 311–322. 1964. doi:10.1016/0926-6569(64)90047-1.
- ↑ "Nicotinamide deamidase from mammalian liver". J. Biol. Chem. 240 (4): 1725–1730. 1965. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)97496-X. PMID 14285515.
- ↑ Wang, Guodong; Pichersky, Eran (2007). "Nicotinamidase participates in the salvage pathway of NAD biosynthesis in Arabidopsis". The Plant Journal 49 (6): 1020–1029. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.03013.x. PMID 17335512.
- ↑ Guo, Hailiang; Xia, Wenjin; Chen, Changyang; Yang, Song; Sun, Dongmei; Qiao, Jizu; Su, Jianya (2025). "Inhibition of Nicotinamidase Impacts Growth, Development, and Lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster and Myzus persicae". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 73 (37): 23282–23291. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5c08472. PMID 40899884.
- ↑ Fyfe, Paul K.; Rao, Vincenzo A.; Zemla, Aleksandra; Cameron, Scott; Hunter, William N. (2009). "Specificity and Mechanism of Acinetobacter baumanii Nicotinamidase: Implications for Activation of the Front-Line Tuberculosis Drug Pyrazinamide". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 48 (48): 9176–9179. doi:10.1002/anie.200903407. PMID 19859929.
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