Physics:Isotopes of phosphorus
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Short description: Nuclides with atomic number of 15 but with different mass numbers
Although phosphorus (15P) has 22 isotopes from 26P to 47P, only 31P is stable; as such, phosphorus is considered a monoisotopic element. The longest-lived radioactive isotopes are 33P with a half-life of 25.34 days and 32P with a half-life of 14.268 days.[1][2] All others have half-lives of under 2.5 minutes, most under a second. The least stable known isotope is 47P, with a half-life of 2 milliseconds.
List of isotopes
| Nuclide[3] [n 1] |
Z | N | Isotopic mass (u)[4] [n 2][n 3] |
Half-life [n 4] |
Decay mode [n 5] |
Daughter isotope [n 6] |
Spin and parity [n 7][n 4] |
Physics:Natural abundance (mole fraction) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitation energy | Normal proportion | Range of variation | |||||||
| 26P[n 8] | 15 | 11 | 26.01178(21)# | 43.7(6) ms | β+ (63.2%) | 26Si | (3+) | ||
| β+, p (36.8%) | 25Al | ||||||||
| 26mP | 164.4(1) keV | 120(9) ns | IT | 26P | |||||
| 27P | 15 | 12 | 26.999224(28) | 260(80) ms | β+ (99.93%) | 27Si | 1/2+ | ||
| β+, p (.07%) | 26Al | ||||||||
| 28P | 15 | 13 | 27.9923266(12) | 270.3(5) ms | β+ (99.99%) | 28Si | 3+ | ||
| β+, p (.0013%) | 27Al | ||||||||
| β+, α (8.6×10−4%) | 24Mg | ||||||||
| 29P | 15 | 14 | 28.9818004(4) | 4.142(15) s | β+ | 29Si | 1/2+ | ||
| 30P | 15 | 15 | 29.97831349(7) | 2.498(4) min | β+ | 30Si | 1+ | ||
| 31P | 15 | 16 | 30.9737619986(7) | Stable | 1/2+ | 1.0000 | |||
| 32P | 15 | 17 | 31.97390764(4) | 14.268(5) d | β− | 32S | 1+ | Trace | |
| 33P | 15 | 18 | 32.9717257(12) | 25.35(11) d | β− | 33S | 1/2+ | ||
| 34P | 15 | 19 | 33.9736459(9) | 12.43(10) s | β− | 34S | 1+ | ||
| 35P | 15 | 20 | 34.9733141(20) | 47.3(8) s | β− | 35S | 1/2+ | ||
| 36P | 15 | 21 | 35.978260(14) | 5.6(3) s | β− | 36S | 4− | ||
| 37P | 15 | 22 | 36.97961(4) | 2.31(13) s | β− | 37S | (1/2+) | ||
| 38P | 15 | 23 | 37.98430(8) | 0.64(14) s | β− (87.5%) | 38S | |||
| β−, n (12.5%) | 37S | ||||||||
| 39P | 15 | 24 | 38.98629(12) | 282(24) ms | β− (73.2%) | 39S | 1/2+# | ||
| β−, n (26.8%) | 38S | ||||||||
| 40P | 15 | 25 | 39.99129(16) | 150(8) ms | β− (84.2%) | 40S | (2−,3−) | ||
| β−, n (15.8%) | 39S | ||||||||
| 41P | 15 | 26 | 40.99465(13) | 101(5) ms | β− (70%) | 41S | 1/2+# | ||
| β−, n (30%) | 40S | ||||||||
| 42P | 15 | 27 | 42.00108(34) | 48.5(15) ms | β− (50%) | 42S | |||
| β−, n (50%) | 41S | ||||||||
| 43P | 15 | 28 | 43.00502(60) | 35.8(13) ms | β−, n (100%) | 42S | 1/2+# | ||
| β−, 2n ? | 41S | ||||||||
| 44P | 15 | 29 | 44.01122(54)# | 18.5(25) ms | β− | 44S | |||
| 45P | 15 | 30 | 45.01675(54)# | 24(7 (stat), 9 (sys)) ms[5] | β−, n (79%) | 44S | 1/2+# | ||
| β−, 2n (21%) | 43S | ||||||||
| 46P | 15 | 31 | 46.02466(75)# | 4# ms [>200 ns] | β− | 46S | |||
| 47P[6] | 15 | 32 | 47.03190(86)# | 2# ms | β− | 47S | |||
- ↑ mP – Excited nuclear isomer.
- ↑ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
- ↑ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
- ↑
Modes of decay:
IT: Isomeric transition n: Neutron emission p: Proton emission - ↑ Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
- ↑ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
- ↑ Has 1 halo proton
Radioactive isotopes
Phosphorus-32
Phosphorus-33
33P is an artificial radioactive element. It is produced with a low yield by the neutron bombardment of 31P (stable). The 33P has a radioactive period of 25.3 days. It is a pure β-transmitter. 33P is used as an alternative to 32P in research in molecular biology. Indeed, its longer life time and especially its less energetic β spectrum make its manipulation simpler in the laboratory. In the medical field, 33P has been used in the treatment of arterial stenosis but is no longer indicated at this time.[7]
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External links
References
- ↑ PubChem. "Phosphorus Radioisotopes" (in en). https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/156614170.
- ↑ "phosphorus-33 atom (CHEBI:37973)". https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:37973.
- ↑ Half-life, decay mode, nuclear spin, and isotopic composition is sourced in:
Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S. (2017). "The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties". Chinese Physics C 41 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001. Bibcode: 2017ChPhC..41c0001A. https://www-nds.iaea.org/amdc/ame2016/NUBASE2016.pdf. - ↑ Wang, M.; Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Xu, X. (2017). "The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs, and references". Chinese Physics C 41 (3): 030003-1—030003-442. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030003. http://nuclearmasses.org/resources_folder/Wang_2017_Chinese_Phys_C_41_030003.pdf.
- ↑ Crawford, H. L.Expression error: Unrecognized word "et". (2022). "Crossing N = 28 toward the neutron drip line: first measurement of half-lives at FRIB". Physical Review Letters 129 (212501): 212501. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.212501. PMID 36461950. Bibcode: 2022PhRvL.129u2501C.
- ↑ Neufcourt, L.; Cao, Y.; Nazarewicz, W.; Olsen, E.; Viens, F. (2019). "Neutron drip line in the Ca region from Bayesian model averaging". Physical Review Letters 122 (6): 062502–1–062502–6. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.062502. PMID 30822058. Bibcode: 2019PhRvL.122f2502N.
- ↑ "Phosphorus 33 (P-33)". https://www.biotrend.com/en/buy/cat-phosphorus-33-p-33-3690.html#:~:text=Phosphorus%2033%20is%20an%20artificial,is%20a%20pure%20%CE%B2%2Dtransmitter..
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