Astronomy:DH Tauri

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Short description: Star in the constellation Taurus
DH Tauri
250px
DH Tauri and the b companion (lower left) with the Very Large Telescope
Credit: ESO VLT SPHERE; Van Holstein et al.; Processing: Meli_thev
Observation data
{{#ifeq:J2000.0|J2000.0 (ICRS)|Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)| Epoch J2000.0      [[Astronomy:Equinox (celestial coordinates)|Equinox J2000.0}}
Constellation Taurus
DI Tauri
Right ascension  04h 29m 42.472s[1]
Declination +26° 32′ 49.13″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) {{{appmag_v1}}}
DH Tauri
Right ascension  04h 29m 41.553s[2]
Declination +26° 32′ 58.13″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 13.1[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage pre-main sequence[4]
Spectral type M0-M1Ve(T)[5]
Variable type T Tau[5]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: 6.603[2] mas/yr
Dec.: −20.871[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)7.4936 ± 0.0255[2] mas
Distance435 ± 1 ly
(133.4 ± 0.5 pc)
Details
DI Tauri
Radius1.21[6] R☉
Luminosity0.357[6] L☉
Temperature4,058[6] K
DH Tauri
Mass0.41[7] M☉
Radius1.26[7] R☉
Luminosity0.22[7] L☉
Temperature3,751[8] K
Age3.16[7] Myr
Other designations
DH Tau, WDS J04297+2633B, IRAS 04267+2626, 2MASS J04294155+2632582
Database references
SIMBADdata

DH Tauri, also known as DH Tau, is a type M star, located 140 parsecs (456.619 light years) away. It forms a binary system with DI Tauri 15″ away, and has a substellar companion, either a brown dwarf or massive exoplanet.

Characteristics

DH Tauri is a type M, or red dwarf star, one of the most common types of star in the Milky Way.[9] It has an apparent magnitude of 13.71 and temperature of 3,751 K. DH Tauri has a mass of 0.41 M☉ and an estimated radius of 1.26 R☉, which is unusually large for a red dwarf.

The companion DH Tauri B or b has a mass estimated to be between eight MJ and 50 MJ, making it either a super-Jupiter or brown dwarf.[10][11] Other sources give a mass as high as 0.03 M☉, with a bolometric luminosity of 0.01 L☉.[12] The spectral type has been classified as M7.5[12] or M9.25.[13] The companion has detected water vapor and carbon monoxide in its atmosphere and has a rotational velocity of 9.6 ± 0.7 km/s. This is between 9 and 15% of the breakup speed of DH Tau B. This low rotation is in agreement with magnetic coupling to a circumplanetary disk in the late stages of accretion, which reduces angular momentum of the companion.[10] The companion, while its host star still having a protoplanetary disk, is still accreting material, being surrounded by a circumsubstellar disk (possibly a circumplanetary disk, depending on its formation history).[14] It may have an orbiting candidate companion DH Tauri Bb, possibly an exomoon with 1 MJ, and a mass ratio with respect to the brown dwarf of one-tenth.[15] However, the existence of this companion is uncertain, as its detection may be an artifact of instrumental effects.[16]

The DH Tauri planetary system
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 8.4±1.1,[17] 12.6±2.5[18] MJ 234+102
−41[18] 		5,500+4,500
−1,600[18] 		0.58+0.32
−0.26[18] 		88+11
−13[18]° 		2.51±0.16[17] RJ

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940  Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940  Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". VizieR On-line Data Catalog 2237. Bibcode: 2002yCat.2237....0D. 
  4. ↑ Zhou, Yifan; Herczeg, Gregory J; Kraus, Adam L; Metchev, Stanimir; Cruz, Kelle L (2014). "Accretion onto Planetary Mass Companions of Low-mass Young Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 783 (1): L17. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/783/1/L17. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...783L..17Z. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Samus, N. N. et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S 1: B/GCVS. Bibcode: 2009yCat....102025S. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Brown, A. G. A. (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 616: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G.  Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Herczeg, Gregory J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (2014). "An Optical Spectroscopic Study of T Tauri Stars. I. Photospheric Properties". The Astrophysical Journal 786 (2): 97. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/786/2/97. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...786...97H. 
  8. ↑ Brown, A. G. A. (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 616: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G.  Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  9. ↑ "Exoplanet-catalog". 22 April 2019. https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/exoplanet-catalog/7016/dh-tauri-b/. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Xuan, Jerry W.; Bryan, Marta L.; Knutson, Heather A.; Bowler, Brendan P.; Morley, Caroline V.; Benneke, Björn (2020-03-01). "A Rotation Rate for the Planetary-mass Companion DH Tau b". The Astronomical Journal 159 (3): 97. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab67c4. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 2020AJ....159...97X. 
  11. ↑ Itoh, Yoichi; Hayashi, Masahiko; Tamura, Motohide; Tsuji, Takashi; Oasa, Yumiko; Fukagawa, Misato; Hayashi, Saeko S.; Naoi, Takahiro et al. (2005-02-20). "A Young Brown Dwarf Companion to DH Tauri" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 620 (2): 984–993. doi:10.1086/427086. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2005ApJ...620..984I. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Ward-Duong, K.; Patience, J.; Bulger, J.; Van Der Plas, G.; Ménard, F.; Pinte, C.; Jackson, A. P.; Bryden, G. et al. (2018). "The Taurus Boundary of Stellar/Substellar (TBOSS) Survey. II. Disk Masses from ALMA Continuum Observations". The Astronomical Journal 155 (2): 54. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa128. Bibcode: 2018AJ....155...54W. 
  13. ↑ Bonnefoy, M.; Chauvin, G.; Lagrange, A. -M.; Rojo, P.; Allard, F.; Pinte, C.; Dumas, C.; Homeier, D. (2014). "A library of near-infrared integral field spectra of young M-L dwarfs". Astronomy and Astrophysics 562: A127. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118270. Bibcode: 2014A&A...562A.127B. 
  14. ↑ Van Holstein, R. G.; Stolker, T.; Jensen-Clem, R.; Ginski, C.; Milli, J.; De Boer, J.; Girard, J. H.; Wahhaj, Z. et al. (2021). "A survey of the linear polarization of directly imaged exoplanets and brown dwarf companions with SPHERE-IRDIS. First polarimetric detections revealing disks around DH Tau B and GSC 6214-210 B". Astronomy and Astrophysics 647: 647. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039290. Bibcode: 2021A&A...647A..21V. 
  15. ↑ Lazzoni, C. (20 July 2020). "The search for disks or planetary objects around directly imaged companions: A candidate around DH Tau B". Astronomy & Astrophysics 641: A131. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937290. Bibcode: 2020A&A...641A.131L. 
  16. ↑ Lazzoni, Cecilia; Zurlo, Alice; Desidera, Silvano; Bernardi, Andrea; Pérez, Sebastian; Mesa, Dino; Barbato, Domenico; Nogueira, Pedro Henrique; Dasgupta, Anuroop (2026-03-25). "SaNDi-SHoP: Searching for Satellites'N'Disks with a Star-Hopping Program I. Analysis of the close surroundings of DI companions". arXiv:2603.24796 [astro-ph.EP].
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Palma-Bifani, P.; Bonnefoy, M.; Chauvin, G.; Rojo, P.; Baudoz, P.; Charnay, B.; Denis, A.; Hoch, K. et al. (September 2025). "The planetary-mass-limit VLT/SINFONI library: Spectral extraction and atmospheric characterization via forward modeling" (in en). Astronomy and Astrophysics 701: A51. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202554894. ISSN 0004-6361. Bibcode: 2025A&A...701A..51P. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 Bernardi, Andrea; Zurlo, Alice; Lazzoni, Cecilia; Desidera, Silvano; Mesa, Dino; Pérez, Sebastian; Nogueira, Pedro Henrique; Barbato, Domenico; Dasgupta, Anuroop (2026-07-15). "SaNDi-SHoP: Searching for Satellites'N'Disks with a Star-Hopping Program II. Spectrophotometric analysis and orbital monitoring of directly imaged companions". arXiv:2607.13545 [astro-ph.EP].



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