Astronomy:PHL 293B

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PHL 293B
Hubble Space Telescope image of PHL 293B; the purported luminous blue variable is located near the core of the galaxy
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationAquarius
Right ascension 22h 30m 36.8s[1]
Declination−00° 06′ 37″[1]
Redshift0.0051[1]
Helio radial velocity1,606 km/s[2]
Galactocentric velocity1,723±10 km/s[3]
Distance75.51 ± 8.072 Mly (23.150 ± 2.475 Mpc)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)16.87[4]
Apparent magnitude (B)17.35[4]
Characteristics
Typecompact Im?[1][3] HII[3]
Size5,450 ly × 4,960 ly
(1.67 kpc × 1.52 kpc)
(diameter; 25.0 B-mag arcsec−2)[3][lower-alpha 1]
Apparent size (V)0.24′ × 0.20′[3]
Other designations
Kinman's Dwarf, PGC 69018[4]
PHL 293B star
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Aquarius
Right ascension  22h 28.1m[5]
Declination −0° 22′[5]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Luminous blue variable?
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)(of galaxy) 1,606[2] km/s
Distance23,150,000±2,475,000[3] pc
Details
Radius1,348–1,463[6] R☉
Luminosity2,500,000–3,500,000[6] L☉
Temperature6,000–6,800[6] K
Other designations
SDSS J2230–0006,[7] SDSS J223036.79-000636.9, A2228-00[8]
Database references
SIMBADPHL 293B
PHL 293 (Simbad mistakenly showing results for PHL 293B)

PHL 293B, also known as Kinman's dwarf, is a low-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxy about 23.15 megaparsecs (75.51 million light-years) from the Earth in the constellation Aquarius.[9]

It had a very likely associated, notable, blue-light, long-lived star with constant outbursts or a large supernova observed to have faded and which then disappeared. Although this bright visible jet-producing object responsible for broad hydrogen emission lines with P Cygni profiles was widely considered to be a luminous blue variable ejecting matter, other studies posited the mentioned, competing, explanations for the bright light source within.

Observation history

PHL 293 was first listed as entry 293 in a catalogue of faint blue stars published by Guillermo Haro and Willem Jacob Luyten in 1962.[10] In 1965, Thomas Kinman observed two faint possible companions to it, about 1′ away, which he dubbed A and B. HL 293B, sometimes called Kinman's Dwarf, was noted to be an extragalactic, nonstellar object, with a jet, approximately 22.6 Mpc away from Earth.[9][8] The acronym PHL has since been applied to distinguish it from other HL catalogues; it is most commonly referred to by astronomers as PHL 293B.[5] The galaxy was identified as a blue compact dwarf, a type of small irregular galaxy undergoing a strong burst of star formation.[7]

The spectrum of PHL 293B is unusual both for its low metallicity and for broad hydrogen emission lines with P Cygni profiles. These are interpreted as being from a large luminous blue variable star in the galaxy. The star is believed to have been undergoing an outburst during previous observations,[7] an interpretation is disputed by some publications. An alternative explanation would be a long-lived type IIn supernova, similar to the transient event of SDSS1133.[11] These emission features in the spectrum of the galaxy faded during 2019 and by the end of the year had disappeared (at least visibly), likely due to the disappearance of a bright star of the galaxy.[6]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The quick-look major axis physical diameter given by NED were based on a distance estimate of 23.150 ± 2.475 Mpc (75.51×10^6 ± 8.072×10^6 ly) using a scale of 112.2 parsec/arcsec multiplied with given angular diameters.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Kehrig, C.; Iglesias-Páramo, J.; Vílchez, J. M.; Gil De Paz, A.; Duarte Puertas, S.; Pérez-Montero, E.; Díaz, A. I.; Gallego, J. et al. (2020). "Mapping the ionized gas of the metal-poor H II galaxy PHL 293B with MEGARA". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498 (2): 1638–1650. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2299. https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/63578/1/cardiel117preprint.pdf. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Guseva, N. G.; Papaderos, P.; Meyer, H. T.; Izotov, Y. I.; Fricke, K. J. (2009). "An investigation of the luminosity-metallicity relation for a large sample of low-metallicity emission-line galaxies". Astronomy & Astrophysics 505 (1): 63–72. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912414. Bibcode: 2009A&A...505...63G. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "Detailed Information for Object PGC 069018". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=PGC%2069018&extend=no&hconst=67.74&omegam=0.3089&omegav=0.6911&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "PHL 293B". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=PHL+293B. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 French, H. B. (1980). "Galaxies with the spectra of giant H II regions". The Astrophysical Journal 240: 41. doi:10.1086/158205. Bibcode: 1980ApJ...240...41F. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Allan, Andrew P.; Groh, Jose H.; Mehner, Andrea; Smith, Nathan; Boian, Ioana; Farrell, Eoin J.; Andrews, Jennifer E. (2020). "The possible disappearance of a massive star in the low-metallicity galaxy PHL 293B". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 496 (2): 1902. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1629. Bibcode: 2020MNRAS.496.1902A. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Izotov, Yuri I.; Thuan, Trinh X. (2009). "Luminous Blue Variable Stars in the two Extremely Metal-Deficient Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies DDO 68 and PHL 293B". The Astrophysical Journal 690 (2): 1797–1806. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/690/2/1797. Bibcode: 2009ApJ...690.1797I. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Terlevich, Roberto; Terlevich, Elena; Bosch, Guillermo; Díaz, Ángeles; Hägele, Guillermo; Cardaci, Mónica; Firpo, Verónica (2014). "High-velocity blueshifted Fe ii absorption in the dwarf star-forming galaxy PHL 293B: Evidence for a wind driven supershell?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 445 (2): 1449–1461. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1806. Bibcode: 2014MNRAS.445.1449T. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Kinman, T. D. (1965). "The Nature of the Fainter Haro-Luyten Objects". The Astrophysical Journal 142: 1241. doi:10.1086/148392. Bibcode: 1965ApJ...142.1241K. 
  10. ↑ Haro, G.; Luyten, W. J. (1962). "Faint Blue Stars in the Region near the South Galactic Pole". Boletín de los Observatorios de Tonantzintla y Tacubaya 3: 37. Bibcode: 1962BOTT....3...37H. 
  11. ↑ Burke, Colin J.; Baldassare, Vivienne F.; Liu, Xin; Foley, Ryan J.; Shen, Yue; Palmese, Antonella; Guo, Hengxiao; Herner, Kenneth et al. (2020). "The Curious Case of PHL 293B: A Long-lived Transient in a Metal-poor Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy". The Astrophysical Journal 894 (1): L5. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab88de. Bibcode: 2020ApJ...894L...5B. 



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