Astronomy:HU Aquarii

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Short description: Star in the constellation Aquarius
HU Aquarii
250px
The visual band light curve of HU Aquarii, adapted from Shengbang et al. (2016)[1]
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Aquarius
Right ascension  21h 07m 58.19445s[2]
Declination −05° 17′ 40.5577″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) +15.8 - 19.8[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage white dwarf + main sequence[4]
Spectral type D + M4V[4]
Variable type AM Herculis[3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: −64.579[2] mas/yr
Dec.: −62.732[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)5.2354 ± 0.0457[2] mas
Distance623 ± 5 ly
(191 ± 2 pc)
Orbit
Period (P)2.08[5] hours
Inclination (i)87.4±0.9[6]°
Details[6]
HU Aqr A
Mass0.78±0.02 M☉
Temperature14,000 K
HU Aqr B
Mass0.17±0.01 M☉
Other designations
HU Aqr, RBS 1724, RE J210755-051621, 1RXS J210758.5-051744, 1AXG J210759-0518, 2RE J210755-051630, RE J2107-051, EUVE J2108-05.2, 2RE J2107-051, RX J2107.9-0518, AAVSO 2102-05, GSC 05200-00849, RE J2107-05, RX J2107.9-0517, 2MASS J21075818-0517404[7]
Database references
SIMBADdata

HU Aquarii (abbreviated HU Aqr) is an eclipsing binary system approximately 623 light-years away from the Sun, forming a cataclysmic variable of AM Herculis-type. The two stars orbit each other every 2.08 hours[5] and the ultra-short binary system includes an eclipsing white dwarf and red dwarf.

In 1993, Axel Schwope et al. discovered that the star, then called RXJ2107.9-0518, was both an eclipsing binary and a cataclysmic variable. The star had been flagged as a probable AM Herculis star from data collected during the ROSAT All Sky Survey.[8] It was given its variable star designation, HU Aquarii, in 1995.[9]

Eclipse timing variations

The HU Aquarii binary system exhibits variations in the timing of the eclipses. Schwarz et al. (2009) note that the variations are too large to be caused by the Applegate mechanism, and are within the expected range of magnetic braking but 30 times too large to be caused by gravitational radiation alone. As an alternative explanation, they suggested that the variations might be caused by an object in orbit around the binary, causing it to move back and forth along the line-of-sight to the system.[10] In March 2011, Qian et al. claimed the presence of two planets,[11] though the proposed orbits were subsequently shown to be unstable[12] and on orbits determined from a more thorough and precise analysis of the observational data.[13] Indeed, it seems likely that the signal that was interpreted as being the result of planetary companions might be instead the result of not well-studied interactions between the white dwarf and its red dwarf companion: as of 2014 all proposed orbital solutions have been refuted and it appears that the full set of timing measurements is inconsistent with any 1, 2 or 3-planet system due to poor fits to the data and unstable orbital configurations.[14] With new data gathered by 2018, the existence of planetary system remains elusive, as no model fitting all observations can be made.[15]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Shengbang, Qian; Zhongtao, Han; Fernández Lajús, E; liying, Zhu; Wenping, Liao; Miloslav, Zejda; Linjia, Li; Voloshina, Irina et al. (July 2016). "Interactions between planets and evolved stars". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 728 (4). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/728/4/042006. Bibcode: 2016JPhCS.728d2006S. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940  Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "HU Aqr". AAVSO. https://vsx.aavso.org/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=1066. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Goździewski, K.; Słowikowska, A.; Dimitrov, D.; Krzeszowski, K.; Żejmo, M.; Kanbach, G.; Burwitz, V.; Rau, A. et al. (2015). "The HU Aqr planetary system hypothesis revisited". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 448 (2): 1118. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2728. Bibcode: 2015MNRAS.448.1118G. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Bridge, C. M.; Cropper, Mark; Ramsay, Gavin; Perryman, M. a. C.; de Bruijne, J. H. J.; Favata, F.; Peacock, A.; Rando, N. et al. (2002). "STJ observations of the eclipsing polar HU Aqr" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 336 (4): 1129–1138. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05841.x. ISSN 0035-8711. Bibcode: 2002MNRAS.336.1129B. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Schwope, A. D.; Marsh, T. R.; Parsons, S. G.; Vogel, J.; Dhillon, V. S. (2025-12-11). "Unveiling the white dwarf in the eclipsing polar HU Aquarii" (in en). Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202557306. ISSN 0004-6361. 
  7. ↑ "HU Aqr". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=HU+Aqr. 
  8. ↑ Schwope, A. D.; Thomas, H. -C.; Beuermann, K. (April 1993). "Discovery of the bright eclipsing polar RXJ 2107.9-0518". Astronomy and Astrophysics 271: L25–L28. Bibcode: 1993A&A...271L..25S. 
  9. ↑ Kazarovets, E. V.; Samus, N. N. (January 1995). "The 72nd Name-List of Variable Stars". Information Bulletin on Variable Stars 4140: 1. Bibcode: 1995IBVS.4140....1K. https://ibvs.konkoly.hu/pub/ibvs/4101/4140.pdf. Retrieved 19 November 2024. 
  10. ↑ Schwarz (2009). "Hunting high and low: XMM monitoring of the eclipsing polar HU Aquarii". Astronomy and Astrophysics 496 (3): 833–840. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811485. Bibcode: 2009A&A...496..833S. 
  11. ↑ Qian, S.-B.; Liu, L.; Liao, W.-P.; Li, L.-J.; Zhu, L.-Y.; Dai, Z.-B.; He, J.-J.; Zhao, E.-G. et al. (2011). "Detection of a planetary system orbiting the eclipsing polar HU Aqr". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 414 (1): L16–L20. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2011.01045.x. Bibcode: 2011MNRAS.414L..16Q. 
  12. ↑ Horner, Jonathan; Marshall, J. P.; Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Tinney, C. G. (September 2011). "A dynamical analysis of the proposed HU Aquarii planetary system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 416 (1): L11–L15. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2011.01087.x. Bibcode: 2011MNRAS.416L..11H. 
  13. ↑ Wittenmyer, Robert; Horner, J.; Marshall, J. P.; Butters, O. W.; Tinney, C. G. (February 2012). "Revisiting the proposed planetary system orbiting the eclipsing polar HU Aquarii". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 419 (4): 3258–3267. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19966.x. Bibcode: 2012MNRAS.419.3258W. 
  14. ↑ M. Bours; T. Marsh; E. Breedt; C. Copperwheat; V. Dhillon; A. Leckngam; S. Littlefair; S. Parsons et al. (2014). "Testing the planetary models of HU Aquarii". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 445 (2): 1924–1931. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1879. Bibcode: 2014MNRAS.445.1924B. 
  15. ↑ Schwope, A. D.; Thinius, B. D. (2018), "On the ephemeris of the eclipsing polar HU Aquarii. II: New eclipse epochs obtained 2014–2018", Astronomische Nachrichten 339 (7–8): 540–544, doi:10.1002/asna.201813526, Bibcode: 2018AN....339..540S 

Coordinates: Sky map 21h 07m 58.29s, −05° 17′ 39.4″



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