Chemistry:Beryllium perchlorate
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3D model (JSmol)
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| Properties | |
| Be(ClO4)2 | |
| Molar mass | 279.975 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Melting point | 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K) (decomposition, tetrahydrate) |
| 198 g/100 mL (25 °C, tetrahydrate) | |
| Solubility | Soluble in acetone |
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| Tetrahederal (Be) | |
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Other cations
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Magnesium perchlorate Calcium perchlorate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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Beryllium perchlorate is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula Be(ClO4)2·nH2O, where n is 2 or 4. All forms are white, hygroscopic, and water-soluble solids.
Synthesis and reactions
Beryllium perchlorate tetrahydrate, Be(ClO4)2·4H2O, is produced from the reaction of beryllium oxide and concentrated perchloric acid followed by the evaporation of the solution:[1][2][3]
- BeO + 2 HClO4 → Be(ClO4)2 + H2O
The dihydrate can be similarly prepared by the reaction of beryllium chloride and hydronium perchlorate at 60 °C.[4]
Heating of the tetrahydrate does not produce the anhydrous form; it instead decomposes at 140 °C, producing an unidentified basic beryllium perchlorate, and if this compound is heated to 260 °C, it decomposes to beryllium oxide. Similarly, if the dihydrate is heated to 200 °C, it decomposes to basic beryllium perchlorate (Be4O(ClO4)6), which then decomposes at 270 °C to BeO.[5]
The tetrahydrate and dihydrate dissolves in water to form the [Be(H2O)4]2+ ion, which then partially hydrolyzes to the trimeric ion [Be3(OH)3(H2O)6]3+. They also dissolve in acetone which then can react with triphenylphosphine oxide to form Be(OPPh3)4(ClO4)2.[3][6]
Structure
The structure of the dihydrate, which was probed by IR spectroscopy, consists of discrete [Be(H2O)4]2+ and [Be(ClO4)4]2– ions.[4]
References
- ↑ J. Marignac, Ann. Chim., 4, 45 (1873)
- ↑ Ohtaki, Hitoshi (1967). "Ionic equilibriums in mixed solvents. I. Hydrolysis of beryllium ion in a 0.2 mole fraction dioxane-water mixture containing 3M lithium chlorate as an ionic medium". Inorganic Chemistry 6 (4): 808–813. doi:10.1021/ic50050a033. ISSN 0020-1669. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic50050a033. Retrieved 2025-05-21.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kakihana, Hidetake; Maeda, Masunobu (1970-01-01). "The Hydrolysis of the Beryllium Ion in Heavy Water". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 43 (1): 109–113. doi:10.1246/bcsj.43.109. ISSN 0009-2673.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 L. B. Serezhkina; Z. L. Grigorovich; V. H. Serezhkin; N. S. Tamm; A. V. Novoselova (1973). "Beryllium perchlorate dihydrate" (in en). Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 211 (3): 552–553.
- ↑ L. G. Berezkina; S. L. Borisova; N. S. Tamm; A. V. Novoselova (1975). "Thermal decomposition of beryllium perchlorate tetrahydrate" (in en). Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 225 (3): 571–573. https://www.osti.gov/etdeweb/biblio/5283621.
- ↑ Cecconi, Franco; A. Ghilardi, Carlo; Midollini, Stefano; Orlandini, Annabella (2000). "Beryllium complexes with mono- and tripodal- phosphinoxide ligands. X-ray crystal structure of [{N(CH2PPh2O)3}Be(OH2)(ClO4)2"]. Inorganic Chemistry Communications 3 (7): 350–353. doi:10.1016/S1387-7003(00)00092-7. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1387700300000927. Retrieved 2025-05-21.
Compounds containing perchlorate group
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| HClO4 | He | ||||||||||||||||||
| LiClO4 | Be(ClO4)2 | B(ClO4)−4 B(ClO4)3 |
ROClO3 | N(ClO4)3 NH4ClO4 NOClO4 |
O | FClO4 | Ne | ||||||||||||
| NaClO4 | Mg(ClO4)2 | Al(ClO4)3 | Si | P | S | ClO−4 ClOClO3 Cl2O7 |
Ar | ||||||||||||
| KClO4 | Ca(ClO4)2 | Sc(ClO4)3 | Ti(ClO4)4 | VO(ClO4)3 VO2(ClO4) |
Cr(ClO4)3 | Mn(ClO4)2 | Fe(ClO4)3 | Co(ClO4)2, Co(ClO4)3 |
Ni(ClO4)2 | Cu(ClO4)2 | Zn(ClO4)2 | Ga(ClO4)3 | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr | ||
| RbClO4 | Sr(ClO4)2 | Y(ClO4)3 | Zr(ClO4)4 | Nb(ClO5)4 | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh(ClO4)3 | Pd(ClO4)2 | AgClO4 | Cd(ClO4)2 | In(ClO4)3 | Sn(ClO4)4 | Sb | TeO(ClO4)2 | I | Xe | ||
| CsClO4 | Ba(ClO4)2 | Hf(ClO4)4 | Ta(ClO5)5 | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg2(ClO4)2, Hg(ClO4)2 |
Tl(ClO4)3 | Pb(ClO4)2 | Bi(ClO4)3 | Po | At | Rn | |||
| FrClO4 | Ra | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |||
| ↓ | |||||||||||||||||||
| La | Ce(ClO4)x | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm(ClO4)3 | Eu(ClO4)3 | Gd(ClO4)3 | Tb(ClO4)3 | Dy(ClO4)3 | Ho(ClO4)3 | Er(ClO4)3 | Tm(ClO4)3 | Yb(ClO4)3 | Lu(ClO4)3 | |||||
| Ac | Th(ClO4)4 | Pa | UO2(ClO4)2 | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||||
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