Chemistry:Strontium nitrate

Strontium nitrate
Names
	IUPAC name Strontium nitrate
Identifiers
CAS Number	10042-76-9 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	23231 ;
EC Number	233-131-9;
PubChem CID	24848;
UNII	BDG873AQZL ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2NO3.Sr/c22-1(3)4;/q2-1;+2 Key: DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/2NO3.Sr/c22-1(3)4;/q2-1;+2 Key: DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYAG;
	SMILES [Sr+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	Sr(NO; 3); 2
Molar mass	211.630 g/mol (anhydrous); 283.69 g/mol (tetrahydrate);
Appearance	white crystalline solid
Density	2.986 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 2.20 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate);
Melting point	570 °C (1,058 °F; 843 K) (anhydrous); 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K), decomposes (tetrahydrate);
Boiling point	645 °C (1,193 °F; 918 K) decomposes
Solubility in water	anhydrous: 660–709 g/L (20 °C (68 °F; 293 K)); ; tetrahydrate: 604.3 g/L (0 °C (32 °F; 273 K)); 2065 g/L (100 °C (212 °F; 373 K)); ;
Solubility in ammonia	soluble
Solubility in ethanol	slightly soluble
Solubility in acetone	slightly soluble
log P	0.19
Band gap	3.71 eV
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	57.2×10−6 cm3/mol
Structure (anhydrous)
Crystal structure	Cubic
Space group	Pa3
Point group	m3
Lattice constant	a = 7.76 Å, b = 7.76 Å, c = 7.76 Å α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Lattice volume (V)	466.47 Å3
Formula units (Z)	4
Structure (tetrahydrate)[citation needed]
Crystal structure	Monoclinic
Thermochemistry (anhydrous)
Heat capacity (C)	149.9 J⋅mol−1·K-1
Std molar; entropy (So298)	194.6 J⋅mol−1·K-1
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−978.2 kJ⋅mol−1
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)	−780.0 kJ⋅mol−1
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)	44.6 kJ⋅mol−1
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word	Danger
GHS hazard statements	H271, H318, H402
GHS precautionary statements	P210, P220, P221, P273, P280, P283, P305+351+338+310, P306+360, P370+378, P371+380+375, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	0 2 2 OX
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	2750 mg/kg (rat, oral)
LC50 (median concentration)	>4.5 mg/L (rat, 4h, inhalation)
Related compounds
Other anions	Strontium carbonate; Strontium chloride; Strontium sulfate;
Other cations	Beryllium nitrate; Magnesium nitrate; Calcium nitrate; Barium nitrate;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Strontium nitrate is an inorganic compound composed of the elements strontium, nitrogen and oxygen with the formula Sr(NO
3)
2. This colorless solid is used as a red colorant and oxidizer in pyrotechnics.

Preparation

Strontium nitrate is typically generated by the reaction of nitric acid with strontium carbonate.^[6]

2 HNO
3 + SrCO
3 → Sr(NO
3)
2 + H
2O + CO
2

Uses

Pyrotechnics

Like many other strontium salts, strontium nitrate is used to produce a rich red flame in fireworks and road flares. Unlike most other commonly used color-producing compounds,^{[lower-alpha 1]} strontium emits light in almost the same range from their hydroxides and oxides as their chlorides, with the chlorides emitting a slightly deeper red. Oxidizers break down into their oxides and hydroxides upon combustion of a pyrotechnic mixture, generally speaking.^[8] Combined with strontium nitrate's high strength as an oxidizer, extremely pure colors in the orange-red to red color range are attainable with simple compositions using it as both oxidizer and colorant and without chlorine donors.^[9]^[10]

Experimental medicine

Strontium nitrate can aid in eliminating and lessening skin irritations. When mixed with glycolic acid, strontium nitrate reduces the sensation of skin irritation significantly better than using glycolic acid alone.^[11]

Biochemistry

As a divalent ion with an ionic radius similar to that of Ca²⁺ (1.13 and 0.99 Å respectively), Sr²⁺ ions mimic calcium's ability to traverse calcium-selective ion channels and trigger neurotransmitter release from nerve endings. It is thus used in electrophysiology experiments.