Chemistry:Strontium nitrate

Strontium nitrate
Names
	IUPAC name Strontium nitrate
Identifiers
CAS Number	10042-76-9 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	23231 ;
EC Number	233-131-9;
PubChem CID	24848;
UNII	BDG873AQZL ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2NO3.Sr/c22-1(3)4;/q2-1;+2 Key: DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/2NO3.Sr/c22-1(3)4;/q2-1;+2 Key: DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYAG;
	SMILES [Sr+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	Sr(NO; 3); 2
Molar mass	211.630 g/mol (anhydrous); 283.69 g/mol (tetrahydrate);
Appearance	white crystalline solid
Density	2.986 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 2.20 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate);
Melting point	570 °C (1,058 °F) (anhydrous); 100 °C (212 °F), decomposes (tetrahydrate);
Boiling point	645 °C (1,193 °F; 918 K) decomposes
Solubility in water	anhydrous: 710 g/L (18 °C (64 °F)); 660 g/L (20 °C (68 °F)); ; tetrahydrate: 604.3 g/L (0 °C (32 °F)); 2065 g/L (100 °C (212 °F)); ;
Solubility in ammonia	soluble
Solubility in ethanol	slightly soluble
Solubility in acetone	slightly soluble
Solubility in nitric acid	insoluble
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	57.2×10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	cubic (anhydrous); monoclinic (tetrahydrate);
Hazards
Main hazards	Irritant
Safety data sheet	[1]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	0 2 0 OX
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	2750 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Other anions	Strontium carbonate; Strontium chloride; Strontium sulfate;
Other cations	Beryllium nitrate; Magnesium nitrate; Calcium nitrate; Barium nitrate;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Strontium nitrate is an inorganic compound composed of the elements strontium, nitrogen and oxygen with the formula Sr(NO
3)
2. This colorless solid is used as a red colorant and oxidizer in pyrotechnics.

Preparation

Strontium nitrate is typically generated by the reaction of nitric acid with strontium carbonate.^[2]

2 HNO
3 + SrCO
3 → Sr(NO
3)
2 + H
2O + CO
2

Uses

Like many other strontium salts, strontium nitrate is used to produce a rich red flame in fireworks and road flares. Its strength as an oxidizer, which eliminates the need for large amounts of an additional chlorine-containing oxidizer, makes extremely pure colors in the orange-red to red color range attainable with simple compositions.^[3]^[4]

Strontium nitrate can aid in eliminating and lessening skin irritations. When mixed with glycolic acid, strontium nitrate reduces the sensation of skin irritation significantly better than using glycolic acid alone.^[5]

Biochemistry

As a divalent ion with an ionic radius similar to that of Ca²⁺ (1.13 Å and 0.99 Å respectively), Sr²⁺ ions mimic calcium's ability to traverse calcium-selective ion channels and trigger neurotransmitter release from nerve endings. It is thus used in electrophysiology experiments.

References

↑ Patnaik, Pradyot (2003). Handbook of inorganic chemicals. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-049439-8.
↑ Ward, R.; Osterheld, R. K.; Rosenstein, R. D. (1950). "Strontium Sulfide and Selenide Phosphors". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. 3. pp. 11–23. doi:10.1002/9780470132340.ch4. ISBN 978-0-470-13234-0.
↑ MacMillan, J. Paul; Park, Jai Won; Gerstenberg, Rolf; Wagner, Heinz; Köhler, Karl; Wallbrecht, Peter. "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a25_321.
↑ Juknelevicius, Dominykas; Mikoliunaite, Lina; Sakirzanovas, Simas; Kubilius, Rytis; Ramanavicius, Arunas (October 2014). "A Spectrophotometric Study of Red Pyrotechnic Flame Properties Using Three Classical Oxidizers: Ammonium Perchlorate, Potassium Perchlorate, Potassium Chlorate". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 640 (12-13): 2560–2565. doi:10.1002/zaac.201400299.
↑ "Strontium nitrate suppresses chemically-induced sensory irritation in humans". Contact Dermatitis 42 (2): 98–100. 2000. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2000.042002098.x. PMID 10703633.