Engineering:List of Vega launches

From HandWiki
Short description: Orbital launch vehicle by the European space agency

Vega rocket before liftoff with Sentinel-2A

Vega is an expendable launch system in use by Arianespace which was jointly developed by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and the European Space Agency (ESA). Development began in 1998 and the first launch took place from the Guiana Space Centre on 13 February 2012.[1]

It is designed to launch small payloads — 300 to 2,500 kilograms (660 to 5,510 lb) satellites for scientific and Earth observation missions to polar and low Earth orbits.[2] The reference Vega mission is a polar orbit bringing a spacecraft of 1,500 kilograms (3,300 lb) to an altitude of 700 kilometres (430 mi).

The rocket, named after the star Vega,[3] is a single-body launcher (no strap-on boosters) with three solid rocket stages: the P80 first stage, the Zefiro 23 second stage, and the Zefiro 9 third stage. The upper module is a liquid rocket called AVUM. The improved version of the P80 stage, the P120C, is also used as the side boosters of the Ariane 6. Italy is the leading contributor to the Vega program (65%), followed by France (13%).[4] Other participants include Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Sweden.[5]

Vega C was developed for a maximum of 4 launches per year.[6] A new ESA contract signed in 2024 aims to increase that by 50% to 6 launches per year.[7] Five launches are planned for 2026.[8]

Launch statistics

Rocket configurations

Script error: No such module "Chart".

Launch outcomes

Script error: No such module "Chart".

Orbits

Script error: No such module "Chart".

Past launches

Note: Date and time of start (as count-down zero, ignition or lift-off?) is listed in UTC. (Although local time at Guiana Space Centre (CSG) in Kourou, French Guiana, South America is UTC−3.)

2013–2019

Flight Date / time (UTC)[9] Rocket Launch site Payload Payload mass Orbit Customer Launch Outcome
VV01 13 February 2012
10:00:00 		Vega ELV
LEO University of Bologna[10] Success[11]
First Vega launch; Geodetic and Nanosatellite;
VV02 7 May 2013
02:06:31 		Vega ELV
254.83 kg (561.8 lb) [12] SSO
  • ESA
  • VAST
  • University of Tartu
 Success[13]
First commercial launch; Earth observation satellite;[14]
VV03 30 April 2014
01:35:15 		Vega ELV KazEOSat 1 830 kg (1,830 lb)[15] SSO KGS Success[16]
Earth observation satellite[17]
VV04 11 February 2015
13:40:00 		Vega ELV IXV 1,845 kg (4,068 lb)[18] TAO ESA Success[19]
Reentry technology demonstration; IXV deployed into a transatmospheric orbit, AVUM briefly entered a low Earth orbit before performing targeted de-orbit.[20][21][22][23][24]
VV05 23 June 2015
01:51:58 		Vega ELV Sentinel-2A 1,130 kg (2,490 lb)[25] SSO ESA Success
Earth observation satellite[26][27][28][29]
VV06 3 December 2015
04:04:00 		Vega ELV LISA Pathfinder 1,906 kg (4,202 lb)[30] Halo orbit Earth–Sun L1 ESA / NASA Success
Technology demonstrator[31][32]
VV07 16 September 2016
01:43:35 		Vega ELV
  • PeruSat-1
  • 4 × Terra Bella satellites
 870 kg (1,920 lb)[33] SSO
  • Peruvian Armed Forces
  • Terra Bella
 Success
Reconnaissance satellite / Earth observation satellite[34][35]
VV08 5 December 2016
13:51:44 		Vega ELV Göktürk-1A 1,060 kg (2,340 lb)[36] SSO Turkish Armed Forces Success
Earth observation satellite[37] (IMINT, Reconnaissance)
VV09 7 March 2017
01:49:24 		Vega ELV Sentinel-2B 1,130 kg (2,490 lb)[38] SSO ESA Success
Earth observation satellite[39][40]
VV10 2 August 2017
01:58:33 		Vega ELV
632 kg (1,393 lb)[41] SSO
Success
IMINT Earth observation satellite[42]
VV11 8 November 2017
01:42:31 		Vega ELV Mohammed VI-A (MN35-13A) 1,110 kg (2,450 lb)[43] SSO Morocco Success
Earth observation satellite[44]
VV12 22 August 2018
21:20:09[45] 		Vega ELV ADM-Aeolus[46][47][48] 1,357 kg (2,992 lb)[49] SSO ESA Success
Weather satellite
VV13 21 November 2018
01:42:31[50] 		Vega ELV Mohammed VI-B (MN35-13B)[50] 1,108 kg (2,443 lb)[51] SSO Morocco Success
Earth observation satellite
VV14 22 March 2019
01:50:35[52] 		Vega ELV PRISMA[53] 879 kg (1,938 lb)[54] SSO Italian Space Agency Success
Earth observation satellite
VV15 11 July 2019
01:53 		Vega ELV Falcon Eye 1 1,197 kg (2,639 lb) SSO UAEAF[55] Failure[56]

2020–present

Flight Date / time (UTC) Rocket Launch site Payload Payload mass Orbit Customers Launch
Outcome
VV16 3 September 2020
01:51:10[57] 		Vega ELV SSMS PoC Flight (53 satellites) SSO Various Success
Technology demonstration: launch of the Small Satellites Mission Service Dispenser (SSMS Dispenser) proof of concept flight carrying 53 microsatellites and CubeSats.[58]
VV17 17 November 2020
01:52:20[59] 		Vega ELV SEOSat-Ingenio and TARANIS 925 kg (2,039 lb) SSO CDTI and CNES Failure
Earth observation satellite[60] and Study of the atmosphere of the Earth.[61] After ignition of the AVUM upper stage, a trajectory deviation caused failure. Satellites were valued at nearly US$400 million.[62] An assembly error (inverted control cable) was the suspected cause.[62]
VV18 29 April 2021
01:50[63] 		Vega ELV
1,278 kg (2,818 lb) SSO
Success
Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) piggyback mission.
VV19 17 August 2021
01:47[64] 		Vega ELV
1,029 kg (2,269 lb) SSO
Success
Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) piggyback mission.
VV20 16 November 2021
09:27:55[65] 		Vega ELV CERES 1/2/3 1,548 kg (3,413 lb) Semi-synchronous CNES/DGA Success
SIGINT satellites.[66]
VV21 13 July 2022
13:13:17[67] 		Vega C ELV
  • LARES 2
  • ALPHA
  • AstroBio CubeSat
  • CELESTA
  • GreenCube
  • MTCube-2
  • TRISAT-R
 350 kg (770 lb) MEO
Success
First flight of Vega C
VV22 21 December 2022
01:47:31[68] 		Vega C ELV Pléiades Neo 5 & 6 1,977 kg (4,359 lb) SSO Airbus Defence and Space Failure
Earth observation satellites.[69] Failure due to loss of pressure of the Zefiro 40 second stage.[70]
VV23 9 October 2023
01:36[71] 		Vega ELV
  • THEOS-2
  • TRITON
  • ANSER × 3
  • CSC × 2
  • ESTCube-2
  • MACSAT
  • N3SS
  • PRETTY
  • PROBA-V CC
 SSO
Success
Earth observation satellites and Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) #5 rideshare mission with 10 cubesats. Two cubesats, ANSER-Leader and ESTCube-2, failed to separate from the payload adapter and likely burned in the atmosphere together with the adapter when it was deorbited.[72]
VV24 5 September 2024
01:50 		Vega ELV Sentinel-2C 1,143 kg (2,520 lb) SSO Airbus Defence and Space Success
Final flight of the base Vega configuration. Third Sentinel-2 Earth observation satellite.[73] The AVUM upper stage utilizes two propellant tanks from the larger AVUM+ upper stage of the Vega C rocket. These tanks underwent modifications after two of the original four tanks were discovered missing in 2023 and subsequently found crushed in a nearby landfill, rendering them unusable.[74][75]
VV25 5 December 2024
21:20 		Vega C ELV Sentinel-1C 2,300 kg (5,100 lb) SSO ESA Success
Third Sentinel-1 satellite. Return to flight for Vega C following the VV22 launch failure.[76]
VV26 29 April 2025
09:15 		Vega C ELV BIOMASS 1,131 kg (2,493 lb) SSO ESA Success
Earth observation satellite. Part of the Living Planet Programme.
VV27 26 July 2025
02:03 		Vega C ELV CO3D × 4 + MicroCarb 1,320 kg (2,910 lb) SSO CNES Success
The CO3D (Constellation Optique en 3D) is an Earth observation satellite constellation providing daily 50 cm (20 in) resolution stereo imagery for global 3D mapping; MicroCarb is a microsatellite measuring atmospheric CO₂ with 1 ppm accuracy to track global sources and sinks.[77][78]
VV28 1 December 2025
17:21 		Vega C ELV KOMPSAT-7 (Arirang-7) 1,810 kg (3,990 lb) SSO KARI Success
Earth observation satellite.[79][80][81]

Future launches

Date / time (UTC) Rocket Launch site Payload Orbit
9 April 2026
6:29[82][83] 		Vega C ELV SMILE HEO
Joint Chinese-European Earth observation satellite.
Q3 2026[84] Vega C ELV KOMPSAT-6 (Arirang-6) SSO
Earth observation satellite.
October 2026 Vega C[85] ELV Sentinel-3C SSO
Third Sentinel-3 Earth observation satellite.[86]
2026[87] Vega C ELV IRIDE × ? LEO
First launch for the Italian IRIDE Earth observation satellite constellation.
2026[88] Vega C ELV PLATiNO-1 SSO
Earth observation satellite.
Q1 2027[89] Vega C ELV Eagle-1 LEO
Demonstrator satellite for the first European sovereign space-based quantum key distribution system.[90]
1H 2027[91] Vega C ELV CSG-4 SSO
Fourth COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Generation satellite.
November 2027[92] Vega C[85] ELV CO2M-A (Sentinel-7A) SSO
Copernicus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
Q4 2027[93][94] Vega C ELV ALTIUS, FLEX SSO
ALTIUS is an ozone observation satellite. FLEX is an Earth observation satellite of the Living Planet Programme.
Q4 2027[95][96][97] Vega C[98] ELV FORUM SSO
Earth observation satellite. Part of the Living Planet Programme.
March 2028[99] Vega C[85] ELV CO2M-B (Sentinel-7B) SSO
Copernicus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
Q1 2028[100] Vega C+ ELV Space Rider LEO
Technology demonstration[101]
Q4 2028[102] Vega C[103] ELV CRISTAL (Sentinel-9) Polar
Copernicus Polar Ice and Snow Topography Altimeter. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
2028[104] Vega C[105] ELV CHIME-A (Sentinel-10) SSO
Copernicus Hyperspectral Imaging Mission. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
2028[102] Vega C[106] ELV Sentinel-3D SSO
Fourth Sentinel-3 Earth observation satellite.[86]
2028[107] Vega C ELV Sentinel-2D LEO
Fourth Sentinel-2 Earth observation satellite.
Q3 2029[102] Vega C[105] ELV CIMR-A (Sentinel-11A) SSO
Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
2029[108] Vega C ELV ClearSpace-1 LEO
Space debris removal demo.
2029[105] Vega C ELV LSTM (Sentinel-8) SSO
Copernicus Land Surface Temperature Monitoring. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
2029[109] Vega C ELV Harmony LEO
Earth Explorer 10 Mission.
2029[110] Vega C ELV SBG-TIR LEO
Surface Biology and Geology-Thermal Infrared.
2030[104] Vega C[105] ELV CHIME-B (Sentinel-10) SSO
Copernicus Hyperspectral Imaging Mission. Part of the Copernicus Programme.
TBD[87] Vega C ELV IRIDE × ? LEO
Second launch for the Italian IRIDE Earth observation satellite constellation.
TBD[111][112] Vega C[113] ELV SHALOM SSO
Joint Italian-Israeli hyperspectral imaging satellite.
TBD[114] Vega C ELV PLATiNO-2 / MAIA SSO
PLATiNO-2 will host the MAIA instrument payload.
TBD[115] Vega C ELV SSMS #6 LEO
SSMS #6 rideshare mission. Delayed due to the VV22 Vega-C launch failure.[76]

See also

Notes

References

  1. ↑ "Vega". ESA. 3 February 2012. http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Vega/index.html. 
  2. ↑ Amos, Jonathan (13 February 2012). "Vega launcher makes first flight". BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-16956324. 
  3. ↑ Malik, Tariq (13 February 2012). "Europe Launches New Vega Rocket on Maiden Voyage". http://www.space.com/14548-europe-launches-vega-rocket-maiden-voyage.html. "The Italian-built Vega rocket is named after the second-brightest star in the northern hemisphere" 
  4. ↑ Svitak, Amy (6 February 2012). "European Vega Small-Class Launcher Targets Government Market". Aviation Week. https://aviationweek.com/awin/european-vega-small-class-launcher-targets-government-market. 
  5. ↑ Clark, Steven (14 February 2012). "Vega launcher program courts German participation". Spaceflight Now. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n1202/14germanyvega/. 
  6. ↑ https://ariane.group/app/uploads/sites/4/2024/10/Vega-C-users-manual-Issue-0-Revision-0.pdf
  7. ↑ https://www.avio.com/press-release/vega-contracts-future-operations-and-development-new-guidance-fy2024-order-backlog
  8. ↑ https://europeanspaceflight.com/esa-awards-e350m-to-avio-to-boost-vega-c-and-develop-vega-e/
  9. ↑ Pietrobon, Steven (10 October 2018). "Ariane Launch Manifest". http://www.sworld.com.au/steven/space/ariane-man.txt. 
  10. ↑ "Vega Flight VV01". https://www.arianespace.com/mission/vega-flight-vv01/. 
  11. ↑ Kremer, Ken (February 13, 2012). "Flawless Maiden Launch for Europe's New Vega Rocket". https://www.universetoday.com/articles/flawless-maiden-launch-for-europes-new-vega-rocket. 
  12. ↑ "SECOND VEGA LAUNCH FROM THE GUIANA SPACE CENTER (Press Kit)". Arianespace. May 2013. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/VV02-PROBA-V-VNREDSat-1-GB-1.pdf. 
  13. ↑ "Vega delivers three Satellites to Orbit to achieve second Success". Spaceflight101. 7 May 2013. http://www.spaceflight101.com/vega-vv02-launch-updates.html. 
  14. ↑ VERTA is an acronym for Vega Research and Technology Accompaniment and designates Vega's missions aiming "to demonstrate the flexibility of the Vega launch system" VERTA framework includes four ESA missions (PROBA-V, ADM-Aeolus, LISA Pathfinder and IXV), but also some missions of National Agencies (like ASI). Source: ESA (20 November 2013) VERTA Programme ASI (2015) PRISMA Precursore IperSpettrale (Hyperspectral Precursor) of the application mission
  15. ↑ "THIRD VEGA LAUNCH FROM THE GUIANA SPACE CENTER (Press Kit)". Arianespace. September 2015. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/VV03-launchkit-EN2.pdf. 
  16. ↑ "Commercial liftoff for Europe’s smallest launcher". April 30, 2014. https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Commercial_liftoff_for_Europe_s_smallest_launcher. 
  17. ↑ Greg Delaney (22 June 2012). "Kazakhstan to launch sastellite on new Arianespace Vega vehicle". http://www.kazakhstanlive.com/2.aspx?sr=100&CatID=9f9f8034-6dd6-4f7e-adcf-0f6a7c0406d9&ProdID=888e9540-30fd-479f-a0ce-3f10d4a39b48. 
  18. ↑ "February 2015 | VV04 | IXV (Press Kit)". Arianespace. September 2015. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/VV04-launchkit-GB.pdf. 
  19. ↑ Nagy, Attila (February 11, 2015). "Experimental ESA Spaceplane’s First Test Flight Was a Success (Updated)". https://gizmodo.com/experimental-esa-spaceplanes-first-test-flight-was-a-su-1685155435. 
  20. ↑ Bergin, Chris (3 July 2014). "ESA's experimental space plane gearing up for November debut". NASASpaceflight. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2014/07/esas-experimental-space-plane-gearing-november/. 
  21. ↑ "The Spaceport keeps pace with Arianespace's busy mission cadence". Arianespace. 17 October 2014. http://www.arianespace.com/news-feature-story/2014/10-17-2014-combined_missions.asp. 
  22. ↑ "ESA launch schedule". http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Launchers/Launch_schedule. 
  23. ↑ "Vega to fly ESA experimental reentry vehicle". ESA. 29 March 2013. http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Launchers/Vega_to_fly_ESA_experimental_reentry_vehicle. 
  24. ↑ "IXV – Intermediate Experimental Vehicle". http://www.spaceflight101.com/ixv.html. 
  25. ↑ "June 2015 | VV05 | Sentinel-2A (Press Kit)". Arianespace. September 2015. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/VV05-launchkit-GB.pdf. 
  26. ↑ "Sentinel-2" ESA Retrieved 30 April 2014
  27. ↑ "Soyuz orbits Sentinel-1A on 7th successful launch from French Guiana". CNES. http://www.cnes.fr/web/CNES-en/11229-gp-soyuz-orbits-sentinel-1a-on-7th-successful-launch-from-french-guiana.php. 
  28. ↑ "Vega milestones". Arianespace. http://www.arianespace.com/launch-services-vega/milestones.asp. 
  29. ↑ "ESA books Eurockot Launch for Sentinel-5p Satellite". Eurockot Launch Services. http://www.eurockot.com/2014/01/esa-books-eurockot-launch-for-sentinel-5p-satellite/. 
  30. ↑ "December 2015 | VV06 | LISA Pathfinder (Press Kit)". Arianespace. November 2015. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/VV06-launchkit-GB2.pdf. 
  31. ↑ "LISA Pathfinder overview". ESA. 10 January 2013. http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/LISA_Pathfinder_overview. 
  32. ↑ "LISA Pathfinder enroute to gravitational wave demonstration". ESA. http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/LISA_Pathfinder_en_route_to_gravitational_wave_demonstration. 
  33. ↑ Arianespace (September 2016). "Launch Kt | September 2016 | VV07 | PerúSAT-1 SkySats-4 to 7". https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/VV07-launchkit-GB-3.pdf. 
  34. ↑ de Selding, Peter B. (25 March 2015). "Vega To Launch Peruvian Imaging Satellite Along with Skybox Craft". SpaceNews. http://spacenews.com/vega-to-launch-peruvian-imaging-satellite-along-with-skybox-craft/. 
  35. ↑ "Vega To Launch Skybox Satellites". SpaceNews. 17 March 2015. http://spacenews.com/vega-to-launch-skybox-satellites/. 
  36. ↑ Arianespace (November 2016). "Launch Kit | December 2016 | VV08 | GÖKTÜRK-1". https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/VV08-launchkit-GB.pdf. 
  37. ↑ "Arianespace's Vega scores its eighth success in orbiting GÖKTÜRK-1 for Turkey". Arinespace. http://www.arianespace.com/mission-update/arianespaces-vega-scores-its-eighth-success-in-orbiting-gokturk-1-for-turkey/. 
  38. ↑ Arianespace (February 2017). "Launch Kit | March 2017 | VV09 | Sentinel-2B". https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/VV09-launchkit-EN.pdf. 
  39. ↑ "Project main steps". CNES. http://missions-scientifiques.cnes.fr/VENUS/. 
  40. ↑ "Arianespace to launch OPTSAT 3000 and VENμS satellites". Arianespace. 19 February 2014. http://www.arianespace.com/news-press-release/2014/2-19-2014-Contract-Optsat3000-Venus.asp. 
  41. ↑ Arianespace (July 2017). "Launch Kit | August 2017 | VV10 | OPTSAT-3000 Venμs". https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/VV10-launchkit-EN.pdf. 
  42. ↑ Clark, Stephen (2 August 2017). "Vega launcher achieves on-target deployment of Earth-imaging satellites". Spaceflight Now. https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/08/02/vega-launcher-achieves-on-target-deployment-of-earth-imaging-satellites/. 
  43. ↑ Arianespace (October 2017). "Launch Kit | November 2017 | V11 | MOHAMMED VI – A satellite". https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/VV11-launchkit-EN3.pdf. 
  44. ↑ "Vega VV11 • MN35-A". Spaceflight101. http://spaceflight101.com/events/vega-vv11-mn35-a/. 
  45. ↑ ESA Operations [@esaoperations] (22 August 2018). "Exact #Vega liftoff time of flight #VV12 with #Aeolus is confirmed as 21:20:09.478Z". https://twitter.com/esaoperations/status/1032379307652395008. 
  46. ↑ "Launch Schedule". https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/. 
  47. ↑ "Wind laser survives extremes" ESA Retrieved 29 April 2014
  48. ↑ de Selding, Peter B. (22 May 2015). "Cost, Schedule Woes on 2 Lidar Missions Push ESA To Change Contract Procedures". SpaceNews. http://spacenews.com/cost-schedule-woes-on-2-lidar-missions-push-esa-to-change-contract-procedures/. 
  49. ↑ Arianespace (August 2018). "Launch Kit | August 2018 | VV12 | AEOLUS". https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DDP-VV12-GB.pdf. 
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 "Arianespace orbits the MOHAMMED VI–B satellite on 13th successful Vega launch in a row" (Press release). Arianespace. 21 November 2018. Archived from the original on 21 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  51. ↑ Arianespace (November 2018). "Launch Kit | November 2018 | VV13 | MOHAMMED VI – B satellite". https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/VV13-launchkit-EN.pdf. 
  52. ↑ Arianespace [@Arianespace] (21 March 2019). "Arianespace's first Vega flight in 2019 – and third overall this year – lifts off today from the Spaceport in French Guiana". https://twitter.com/Arianespace/status/1108826825327812609. 
  53. ↑ ASI. "PRISMA Launch Date". http://www.prisma-i.it/index.php/en/news/program/128-prisma-launch-date. 
  54. ↑ Arianespace (March 2019). "LAUNCH KIT March 2019 VV14 PRISMA". https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/DDP-VV14-GB.pdf. 
  55. ↑ Bergin, Chris (10 July 2019). "Vega suffers her first failure during Falcon Eye-1 launch". https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2019/07/vega-suffers-her-first-failure-during-falcon-eye-1-launch/. 
  56. ↑ "Arianespace Flight VV15: Mission failure". http://www.arianespace.com/press-release/arianespace-flight-vv15-mission-failure/. 
  57. ↑ "Launch Schedule". Spaceflight Now. 2 September 2020. https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/. 
  58. ↑ "Vega flight opportunity for multiple small satellites". ESA. 22 February 2017. http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Launchers/Vega_flight_opportunity_for_multiple_small_satellites. 
  59. ↑ "Launch Schedule". Spaceflight Now. 14 November 2020. https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/. 
  60. ↑ Krebs, Gunter. "Ingenio". Gunter's Space Page. https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/ingenio.htm. 
  61. ↑ "Taranis". CNES. 29 June 2018. https://taranis.cnes.fr/en/TARANIS/index.htm. 
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 "Arianespace traces cause of Vega launch failure to "human error"". Spaceflight Now. 17 November 2020. https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/11/17/arianespace-traces-cause-of-vega-launch-failure-to-human-error/. 
  63. ↑ "18th Vega mission marks Arianespace's second successful launch in 72 hours". Arianespace. 29 April 2021. https://www.arianespace.com/press-release/vega-vv18-launch-success/. 
  64. ↑ "19th Vega mission demonstrates Arianespace's ability to deliver for the most innovative projects for the benefits of its clients". Arianespace. 17 August 2021. https://www.arianespace.com/press-release/vv19-vega-launch-success/. 
  65. ↑ "VV20: Arianespace's Vega launcher successfully orbits three CERES satellites" (Press release). Arianespace. 16 November 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  66. ↑ "Building on its 2016 successes, Arianespace looks to the future with confidence at the service of its customers" (Press release). Arianespace. 4 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
  67. ↑ Atkinson, Ian (13 July 2022). "ESA launches upgraded Vega-C rocket on first mission". NASASpaceFlight. https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2022/07/vega-c-debut-launch/. 
  68. ↑ Clark, Stephen (21 December 2022). "Two Pléiades Neo Earth-imaging satellites lost in failure of Europe's Vega C rocket". Spaceflight Now. https://spaceflightnow.com/2022/12/21/two-pleiades-neo-earth-imaging-satellites-lost-in-failure-of-europes-vega-c-rocket/. 
  69. ↑ Krebs, Gunter. "Pléiades-Neo 1, 2, 3, 4 (VHR-2020 1, 2, 3, 4)". Gunter's Space Page. https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/pleiades-neo.htm. 
  70. ↑ Foust, Jeff (2023-03-03). "Nozzle erosion blamed for Vega C launch failure" (in en-US). https://spacenews.com/nozzle-erosion-blamed-for-vega-c-launch-failure/. 
  71. ↑ "Flight VV23: success to the benefit of Thaland, Taiwan and cubesats" (Press release). Arianespace. 9 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  72. ↑ Parsonson, Andrew (16 October 2023). "Two Vega VV23 Payloads Failed to Deploy". European Spaceflight. https://europeanspaceflight.com/two-vega-vv23-payloads-failed-to-deploy/. 
  73. ↑ "Arianespace to launch Europe's Copernicus Earth Observation Program Sentinel-2C satellite on September 3". Arianespace. 31 July 2024. https://newsroom.arianespace.com/arianespace-to-launch-europes-copernicus-earth-observation-program-sentinel-2c-satellite-on-september-3/. 
  74. ↑ Parsonson, Andrew (2023-12-04). "The Case of the Missing Vega AVUM Propellant Tanks" (in en-US). https://europeanspaceflight.com/the-case-of-the-missing-vega-avum-propellant-tanks/. 
  75. ↑ Clark, Stephen (2024-09-05). "The Vega rocket never found its commercial niche. After tonight, it’s gone." (in en-us). https://arstechnica.com/space/2024/09/the-vega-rocket-never-found-its-commercial-niche-after-tonight-its-gone/. 
  76. ↑ 76.0 76.1 Foust, Jeff (3 March 2023). "Nozzle erosion blamed for Vega C launch failure". SpaceNews. https://spacenews.com/nozzle-erosion-blamed-for-vega-c-launch-failure/. 
  77. ↑ "CO3D" (in fr). CNES. 16 October 2023. https://co3d.cnes.fr/en/co3d-0. 
  78. ↑ "MicroCarb". CNES. 19 April 2023. https://microcarb.cnes.fr/fr. 
  79. ↑ "Arianespace to launch KOMPSAT-7 for the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) using a Vega-C launch vehicle". Arianespace. 12 September 2018. https://newsroom.arianespace.com/arianespace-to-launch-kompsat-7-for-the-korea-aerospace-research-institute-kari-using-a-vega-c-launch-vehicle. 
  80. ↑ "CEOS EO HANDBOOK – MISSION SUMMARY - KOMPSAT-7". The CEOS Database. http://database.eohandbook.com/database/missionsummary.aspx?missionID=850. 
  81. ↑ Joseph-Gabriel, Daphné (2025-12-01). "Arianespace successfully launches KOMPSAT-7 satellite with Vega C". https://newsroom.arianespace.com/?p=48068. 
  82. ↑ "Smiles all round: Vega-C to launch ESA solar wind mission". ESA. 30 April 2024. https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Smile/Smiles_all_round_Vega-C_to_launch_ESA_solar_wind_mission. 
  83. ↑ https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Smile/Smile_approved_for_launch_in_spring_2026
  84. ↑ "Arianespace will launch Kompsat-6 with Vega C for Korea Aerospace Research Institute" (Press release). Arianespace. 31 May 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  85. ↑ 85.0 85.1 85.2 "Arianespace supporting the European Union's Copernicus programme with Vega C" (Press release). Arianespace. 29 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  86. ↑ 86.0 86.1 Krebs, Gunter (7 July 2020). "Sentinel 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D". Gunter's Space Page. https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sentinel-3.htm. 
  87. ↑ 87.0 87.1 "Arianespace awarded new Vega C launches for the IRIDE programme" (Press release). Arianespace. 14 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  88. ↑ "Arianespace to launch PLATiNO 1 & 2 on Vega and Vega C" (Press release). Arianespace. 6 January 2022. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
  89. ↑ "Launches | Upcoming launches". SES. https://www.ses.com/our-coverage/launches. 
  90. ↑ "SES Selects Arianespace to Launch EAGLE-1 Satellite for Europe's Quantum Cryptography". Arianespace (Press release). 9 November 2022. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
  91. ↑ "Satellite: CSG-4". WMO. https://space.oscar.wmo.int/satellites/view/csg_4. 
  92. ↑ "Copernicus | CNES" (in en). https://cnes.fr/en/projects/copernicus. 
  93. ↑ "ALTIUS - ESA's ozone mission". ESA. https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Altius. 
  94. ↑ https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Altius/ALTIUS_ozone_mission_s_satellite_platform_assembled
  95. ↑ "Contract secures design for ESA's FORUM satellite". ESA. 28 June 2022. https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/FutureEO/Contract_secures_design_for_ESA_s_FORUM_satellite. 
  96. ↑ "Status of the Current and Future ESA Earth Observation Missions and Programmes". CGMS-49. 14 May 2021. pp. 33–37. https://archive.org/details/cgms-49-esa-wp-06. Retrieved 27 August 2021. 
  97. ↑ https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/FutureEO/FORUM/ESA_signs_launch_contract_for_climate_mission_FORUM_with_Avio
  98. ↑ "Earth Explorer 9 Candidate Mission FORUM – Report for Mission Selection". ESA. 21 June 2019. https://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/EarthObservation/EE9-FORUM-RfMS-ESA-v1.0-FINAL.pdf. 
  99. ↑ "Sentinel CO2M-B Satellite Mission Summary | CEOS Database". https://database.eohandbook.com/database/missionsummary.aspx?missionID=1037. 
  100. ↑ Parsonson, Andrew (25 January 2025). "ESA Member States to Vote on Future of Space Rider in November". European Spaceflight. https://europeanspaceflight.com/esa-member-states-to-vote-on-future-of-space-rider-in-november/. 
  101. ↑ Messier, Doug (12 April 2018). "Announcement of Opportunity to Fly Payloads on ESA's Space Rider". Parabolic Arc. http://www.parabolicarc.com/2018/04/12/announcement-opportunity-fly-payloads-esas-space-rider/. 
  102. ↑ 102.0 102.1 102.2 "Planned launches". EUMETSAT. 4 July 2024. https://www.eumetsat.int/planned-launches. 
  103. ↑ Parsonson, Andrew (23 September 2020). "Airbus signs $350 million contract to build CRISTAL ice-monitoring satellite for EU". SpaceNews. https://spacenews.com/airbus-signs-350-million-contract-to-build-cristal-ice-monitoring-satellite-for-eu/. 
  104. ↑ 104.0 104.1 "OBSERVER: Advancing Earth Observation with the Copernicus Sentinel Expansion Missions". Copernicus Programme. 4 July 2024. https://www.copernicus.eu/en/news/news/observer-advancing-earth-observation-copernicus-sentinel-expansion-missions. 
  105. ↑ 105.0 105.1 105.2 105.3 Parsonson, Andrew (13 November 2020). "ESA signs a trio of Copernicus contracts worth 1.3 billion euros". SpaceNews. https://spacenews.com/esa-copernicus-trio/. 
  106. ↑ Henry, Caleb (10 February 2016). "ESA Awards Sentinel 3C and D Satellite Contracts to Thales Alenia Space". Via Satellite. https://www.satellitetoday.com/government-military/2016/02/10/esa-awards-sentinel-3c-and-d-satellite-contracts-to-thales-alenia-space/. 
  107. ↑ "Sentinel 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D". Gunter's Space Page. https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sentinel-2.htm. 
  108. ↑ "ClearSpace-1" (in en). https://www.esa.int/Space_Safety/ClearSpace-1. 
  109. ↑ "Harmony". Next Spaceflight. https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/7659. 
  110. ↑ "SBG-TIR". Next Spaceflight. https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/7775. 
  111. ↑ "Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Annual Report 2020". ASI. 30 August 2021. p. 31. https://www.asi.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/ENG_report_ASI_web.pdf. 
  112. ↑ "Piano Triennale delle Attività 2021-2023" (in it). ASI. 10 March 2021. p. 50. https://www.asi.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/PTA-2021-2023.pdf. 
  113. ↑ "Dal 2022 in orbita il satellite dalla super-vista" (in it). ANSA. 3 July 2019. https://www.ansa.it/canale_scienza_tecnica/notizie/spazio_astronomia/2019/07/03/dal-2022-in-orbita-il-satellite-dalla-super-vista-_f9d7f3ff-f3f0-4764-91bb-bf3fcbc2df16.html. 
  114. ↑ "NASA’s Earth System Science Pathfinder Program". NASA. 5 September 2023. https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-23-018.pdf. 
  115. ↑ "All flights opportunities". Arianespace. https://smallsats.arianespace.com/opportunities. 



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Engineering:List_of_Vega_launches&oldid=4341263"