Physics:Isotopes of radon
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Short description: Nuclides with atomic number of 86 but with different mass numbers
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There are 39 known isotopes of radon (86Rn), from 193Rn to 231Rn; all are radioactive. The most stable isotope is 222Rn with a half-life of 3.823 days, which decays into 218Po. Six isotopes of radon, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222Rn, occur in trace quantities in nature as decay products of, respectively, 217At, 218At, 223Ra, 224Ra, 225Ra, and 226Ra. 217Rn and 221Rn are produced in rare branches in the decay chain of trace quantities of 237Np; 222Rn (and also 218Rn in a rare branch) is an intermediate step in the decay chain of 238U;[1] 219Rn is an intermediate step in the decay chain of 235U; and 220Rn occurs in the decay chain of 232Th.
List of isotopes
| Nuclide [n 1] |
Historic name |
Z | N | Isotopic mass (u) [n 2][n 3] |
Half-life |
Decay mode |
Daughter isotope |
Spin and parity [n 4][n 5] |
Isotopic abundance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitation energy[n 5] | |||||||||
| 193Rn[2] | 86 | 107 | 1.15(27) ms | α | 189Po | ||||
| 194Rn[2] | 86 | 108 | 0.78(16) ms | α | 190Po | 0+ | |||
| 195Rn | 86 | 109 | 195.00544(5) | 6+3 −2 ms[3] |
α | 191Po | (3/2−) | ||
| 195mRn | ~59 keV | 5+3 −2 ms[3] |
α | 191Po | (13/2+) | ||||
| 196Rn | 86 | 110 | 196.002115(16) | 4.7(11) ms [4.4(+13−9) ms] |
α | 192Po | 0+ | ||
| β+ (rare) | 196At | ||||||||
| 197Rn | 86 | 111 | 197.00158(7) | 66(16) ms [65(+23−14) ms] |
α | 193Po | 3/2−# | ||
| β+ (rare) | 197At | ||||||||
| 197mRn | 200(60)# keV | 21(5) ms [19(+8−4) ms] |
α | 193Po | (13/2+) | ||||
| β+ (rare) | 197At | ||||||||
| 198Rn | 86 | 112 | 197.998679(14) | 65(3) ms | α (99%) | 194Po | 0+ | ||
| β+ (1%) | 198At | ||||||||
| 199Rn | 86 | 113 | 198.99837(7) | 620(30) ms | α (94%) | 195Po | 3/2−# | ||
| β+ (6%) | 199At | ||||||||
| 199mRn | 180(70) keV | 320(20) ms | α (97%) | 195Po | 13/2+# | ||||
| β+ (3%) | 199At | ||||||||
| 200Rn | 86 | 114 | 199.995699(14) | 0.96(3) s | α (98%) | 196Po | 0+ | ||
| β+ (2%) | 200At | ||||||||
| 201Rn | 86 | 115 | 200.99563(8) | 7.0(4) s | α (80%) | 197Po | (3/2−) | ||
| β+ (20%) | 201At | ||||||||
| 201mRn | 280(90)# keV | 3.8(1) s | α (90%) | 197Po | (13/2+) | ||||
| β+ (10%) | 201At | ||||||||
| IT (<1%) | 201Rn | ||||||||
| 202Rn | 86 | 116 | 201.993263(19) | 9.94(18) s | α (85%) | 198Po | 0+ | ||
| β+ (15%) | 202At | ||||||||
| 203Rn | 86 | 117 | 202.993387(25) | 44.2(16) s | α (66%) | 199Po | (3/2−) | ||
| β+ (34%) | 203At | ||||||||
| 203mRn | 363(4) keV | 26.7(5) s | α (80%) | 199Po | 13/2(+) | ||||
| β+ (20%) | 203At | ||||||||
| 204Rn | 86 | 118 | 203.991429(16) | 1.17(18) min | α (73%) | 200Po | 0+ | ||
| β+ (27%) | 204At | ||||||||
| 205Rn | 86 | 119 | 204.99172(5) | 170(4) s | β+ (77%) | 205At | 5/2− | ||
| α (23%) | 201Po | ||||||||
| 206Rn | 86 | 120 | 205.990214(16) | 5.67(17) min | α (62%) | 202Po | 0+ | ||
| β+ (38%) | 206At | ||||||||
| 207Rn | 86 | 121 | 206.990734(28) | 9.25(17) min | β+ (79%) | 207At | 5/2− | ||
| α (21%) | 203Po | ||||||||
| 207mRn | 899.0(10) keV | 181(18) µs | (13/2+) | ||||||
| 208Rn | 86 | 122 | 207.989642(12) | 24.35(14) min | α (62%) | 204Po | 0+ | ||
| β+ (38%) | 208At | ||||||||
| 209Rn | 86 | 123 | 208.990415(21) | 28.5(10) min | β+ (83%) | 209At | 5/2− | ||
| α (17%) | 205Po | ||||||||
| 209m1Rn | 1173.98(13) keV | 13.4(13) µs | 13/2+ | ||||||
| 209m2Rn | 3636.78(23) keV | 3.0(3) µs | (35/2+) | ||||||
| 210Rn | 86 | 124 | 209.989696(9) | 2.4(1) h | α (96%) | 206Po | 0+ | ||
| β+ (4%) | 210At | ||||||||
| 210m1Rn | 1690(15) keV | 644(40) ns | 8+# | ||||||
| 210m2Rn | 3837(15) keV | 1.06(5) µs | (17)− | ||||||
| 210m3Rn | 6493(15) keV | 1.04(7) µs | (22)+ | ||||||
| 211Rn | 86 | 125 | 210.990601(7) | 14.6(2) h | α (72.6%) | 207Po | 1/2− | ||
| β+ (27.4%) | 211At | ||||||||
| 212Rn | 86 | 126 | 211.990704(3) | 23.9(12) min | α | 208Po | 0+ | ||
| 213Rn | 86 | 127 | 212.993883(6) | 19.5(1) ms | α | 209Po | (9/2+) | ||
| 214Rn | 86 | 128 | 213.995363(10) | 0.27(2) µs | α | 210Po | 0+ | ||
| 214mRn | 4595.4 keV | 245(30) ns | IT | 214Rn | (22+) | ||||
| 215Rn | 86 | 129 | 214.998745(8) | 2.30(10) µs | α | 211Po | 9/2+ | ||
| 216Rn | 86 | 130 | 216.000274(8) | 45(5) µs | α | 212Po | 0+ | ||
| 217Rn | 86 | 131 | 217.003928(5) | 0.54(5) ms | α | 213Po | 9/2+ | Trace[n 6] | |
| 218Rn | 86 | 132 | 218.0056013(25) | 35(5) ms | α | 214Po | 0+ | Trace[n 7] | |
| 219Rn | Actinon Actinium emanation |
86 | 133 | 219.0094802(27) | 3.96(1) s | α | 215Po | 5/2+ | Trace[n 8] |
| 220Rn | Thoron Thorium emanation |
86 | 134 | 220.0113940(24) | 55.6(1) s | α[n 9] | 216Po | 0+ | Trace[n 10] |
| 221Rn | 86 | 135 | 221.015537(6) | 25.7(5) min | β− (78%) | 221Fr | 7/2(+) | Trace[n 6] | |
| α (22%) | 217Po | ||||||||
| 222Rn | Radon[n 11] Radium emanation Emanation Emanon Niton |
86 | 136 | 222.0175777(25) | 3.8235(3) d | α[n 12] | 218Po | 0+ | Trace[n 7] |
| 223Rn | 86 | 137 | 223.02179(32)# | 24.3(4) min | β− | 223Fr | 7/2 | ||
| 224Rn | 86 | 138 | 224.02409(32)# | 107(3) min | β− | 224Fr | 0+ | ||
| 225Rn | 86 | 139 | 225.02844(32)# | 4.66(4) min | β− | 225Fr | 7/2− | ||
| 226Rn | 86 | 140 | 226.03089(43)# | 7.4(1) min | β− | 226Fr | 0+ | ||
| 227Rn | 86 | 141 | 227.03541(45)# | 20.8(7) s | β− | 227Fr | 5/2(+#) | ||
| 228Rn | 86 | 142 | 228.03799(44)# | 65(2) s | β− | 228Fr | 0+ | ||
| 229Rn[4] | 86 | 143 | 229.0426536(141) | 12(1) s | β− | 229Fr | |||
| 230Rn[5] | 86 | 144 | β− | 230Fr | 0+ | ||||
| 231Rn[6] | 86 | 145 | β− | 231Fr | |||||
- ↑ mRn – Excited nuclear isomer.
- ↑ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
- ↑ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
- ↑ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Intermediate decay product of 237Np
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Intermediate decay product of 238U
- ↑ Intermediate decay product of 235U
- ↑ Theorized to also undergo β−β− dacay to 220Ra
- ↑ Intermediate decay product of 232Th
- ↑ Source of element's name
- ↑ Theorized to also undergo β−β− decay to 222Ra
References
- ↑ "Decay Chain". https://www-nds.iaea.org/relnsd/vcharthtml/decaychain.html#NUCID=238U.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Andreyev, A. N.; Antalic, S.; Huyse, M.; Duppen, P. Van; Ackermann, D.; Bianco, L.; Cullen, D. M.; Darby, I. G. et al. (6 December 2006). "α decay of the new isotopes 193,194Rn". Physical Review C 74 (6): 064303. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.74.064303. ISSN 0556-2813.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kettunen, H.; Uusitalo, J.; Leino, M.; Jones, P.; Eskola, K.; Greenlees, P. T.; Helariutta, K.; Julin, R. et al. (16 March 2001). "α decay studies of the nuclides 195Rn and 196Rn" (in en). Physical Review C 63 (4): 044315. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.63.044315. ISSN 0556-2813. Bibcode: 2001PhRvC..63d4315K. https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstream/handle/123456789/62822/physrevc.63.044315.pdf;jsessionid=A214BDBD01B0D8D7D9BDD7294F713040?sequence=1. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ↑ Neidherr, D.; Audi, G.; Beck, D.; Baum, K.; Böhm, Ch.; Breitenfeldt, M.; Cakirli, R. B.; Casten, R. F. et al. (19 March 2009). "Discovery of 229Rn and the Structure of the Heaviest Rn and Ra Isotopes from Penning-Trap Mass Measurements". Physical Review Letters 102 (11): 112501–1–112501–5. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.112501. PMID 19392194. Bibcode: 2009PhRvL.102k2501N. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1190495/files/PhysRevLett.102.112501.pdf.
- ↑ "Nudat 2". https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/reCenter.jsp?z=86&n=144.
- ↑ [1] "
- Isotope masses from:
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A 729: 3–128, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001, Bibcode: 2003NuPhA.729....3A, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00020241/document
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A 729: 3–128, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001, Bibcode: 2003NuPhA.729....3A, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00020241/document
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory. http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/.
- Lide, David R., ed (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
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