Astronomy:13 Ceti
| Observation data Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS) | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Cetus[1] |
| Right ascension | 00h 35m 14.87968s[2] |
| Declination | −03° 35′ 34.2367″[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.20[1] (5.61 + 6.90)[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| B−V color index | 0.567±0.008[1] |
| A | |
| Evolutionary stage | Main sequence[4] + main sequence[5] |
| Spectral type | F6 V + K3.5 V[6] |
| Variable type | RS CVn[7] |
| B | |
| Evolutionary stage | Main sequence[4] |
| Spectral type | G4 V[6] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | +10.37±0.40[8] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: +408.34[2] mas/yr Dec.: −35.22[2] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 47.05 ± 0.67[2] mas |
| Distance | 69.3 ± 1.0 ly (21.3 ± 0.3 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | 3.56[1] |
| Orbit[4] | |
| Primary | A |
| Companion | B |
| Period (P) | 6.8975+0.0005 −0.0006 yr |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 234.07+0.74 −0.73 mas |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.7615+0.0013 −0.0014 |
| Inclination (i) | 47.83±0.24° |
| Longitude of the node (Ω) | 328.39±0.22° |
| Periastron epoch (T) | 1890.6139+0.0091 −0.0085 |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary) | 104.70±0.18° |
| Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) | 11.68±0.51 km/s |
| Semi-amplitude (K2) (secondary) | 15.59±0.17 km/s |
| Orbit[9] | |
| Primary | Aa |
| Companion | Ab |
| Period (P) | 2.081891±0.000005 d |
| Semi-major axis (a) | ≥1.260±0.010 Mm |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.0 (fixed) |
| Periastron epoch (T) | 2,443,400.4573±0.0032 HJD |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary) | 0.0° |
| Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) | 43.98±0.39 km/s |
| Details | |
| Aa | |
| Mass | 1.18±0.09[5] M☉ |
| Luminosity | 2.63[10] L☉ |
| Temperature | 6,457[10] K |
| Age | 3.8+1.8 −0.3[1] Gyr |
| Ab | |
| Mass | 0.35[11] M☉ |
| B | |
| Mass | 0.90±0.09[5] M☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.83[10] L☉ |
| Temperature | 5,754[10] K |
| Age | 2.5[10] Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
13 Ceti is a triple star system[5] in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It is dimly visible to the naked eye with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 5.20.[1] The system is located at a distance of approximately 69 light years from the Sun based on stellar parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +10.4 km/s.[8] It shares a common motion with the Hyades moving group,[5] although it is too old to be a member.[13]
| Aa, F6V | |||||||||||||
| 2.1 days | |||||||||||||
| Ab, K3.5V | |||||||||||||
| 6.9 years | |||||||||||||
| B, G4V | |||||||||||||
Hierarchy of orbits in the 13 Ceti system[11]
This star was identified as a visual binary system by G. W. Hough in 1844 and given the identifier HO 212.[14] The pair have an orbital period of 6.9 years and an eccentricity of 0.76.[4] The brighter member, designated component A, is an F-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of F6 V[6] and a visual magnitude of 5.61.[3] It appears to have an active chromosphere and is classified as an RS Canum Venaticorum variable with a variable star designation of BU Cet.[7] The star was detected as a source of soft X-ray emission by EXOSAT.[15] It has 18% more mass than the Sun[5] and is estimated to be about four billion years old.[1]
In 1907, E. B. Frost discovered the primary is a spectroscopic binary, making this a triple star system. This is a double-lined spectroscopic binary with a period of 2.1 days and a circularized orbit. The companion signature was confirmed using the separated fringe packet technique with the CHARA array.[16] It is most likely a K-type main-sequence star with a class of K3.5 V and 70% of the mass of the Sun.[5]
The secondary member of the visual binary, designated component B, is a G-type main-sequence star with a class of G4 V.[6] It has 90%[5] of the Sun's mass and a visual magnitude of 6.90.[3] A distant visual companion to this system was detected by S. W. Burnham in 1877. Designated component C, this star is a background object[17] of magnitude 12.50. As of 1999, it was located at an angular separation of 24.0″ from the primary along a position angle of 322°.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A XHIP record for this object at VizieR.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Mason, B. D. et al. (2014), "The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog", The Astronomical Journal 122 (6): 3466, doi:10.1086/323920, Bibcode: 2001AJ....122.3466M, http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=B/wds, retrieved 2015-07-22.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Anguita-Aguero, Jennifer; Mendez, Rene A.; Clavería, Rubén M.; Costa, Edgardo (2022). "Orbital Elements and Individual Component Masses from Joint Spectroscopic and Astrometric Data of Double-line Spectroscopic Binaries". The Astronomical Journal 163 (3): 118. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac478c. Bibcode: 2022AJ....163..118A.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 Andrade, Manuel (October 2019), "Colour-dependent accurate modelling of dynamical parallaxes and masses of visual binaries. Application to the VB+SB2 systems with definitive orbits", Astronomy & Astrophysics 630: 11, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936199, A96, Bibcode: 2019A&A...630A..96A.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Strassmeier, K. G. et al. (July 1993), "A catalog of chromospherically active binary stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, Supplemental Series 100: 173–225, Bibcode: 1993A&AS..100..173S.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Fernandez-Figueroa, M. J. et al. (January 1994), "CA II H and K and H alpha Emissions in Chromospherically Active Binary Systems (RS Canum Venaticorum and BY Draconis)", Astrophysical Journal Supplement 90: 433, doi:10.1086/191866, Bibcode: 1994ApJS...90..433F, https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/31342/1/cornide25libre.pdf.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Karataș, Yüksel et al. (2004), "Kinematics of chromospherically active binaries and evidence of an orbital period decrease in binary evolution", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 349 (3): 1069–1092, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07588.x, Bibcode: 2004MNRAS.349.1069K.
- ↑ Duquennoy, A.; Mayor, M. (1991), "Multiplicity among solar-type stars in the solar neighbourhood. II - Distribution of the orbital elements in an unbiased sample", Astronomy and Astrophysics 248 (2): 485–524, Bibcode: 1991A&A...248..485D.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Piccotti, Luca et al. (February 2020), "A study of the physical properties of SB2s with both the visual and spectroscopic orbits", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492 (2): 2709–2721, doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3616, Bibcode: 2020MNRAS.492.2709P.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Tokovinin, Andrei (2018). "The Updated Multiple Star Catalog". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 235 (1): 6. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aaa1a5. Bibcode: 2018ApJS..235....6T.
- ↑ "13 Cet". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=13+Cet.
- ↑ Montes, D. et al. (2001), Garcia Lopez, Ramon J.; Rebolo, Rafael; Osorio, Maria Rosa Zapaterio, eds., "Chromospherically Active Binaries Members of Young Stellar Kinematic Groups (CD-ROM Directory: contribs/montes2)", 11th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun, ASP Conference Proceedings (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific) 223: p. 1477, Bibcode: 2001ASPC..223.1477M.
- ↑ Bauer, Carl August (November 1944), "A Report on New Spectrographic Material of 13 Ceti", Astrophysical Journal 100: 302, doi:10.1086/144671, Bibcode: 1944ApJ...100..302B.
- ↑ Bedford, D. K. et al. (February 1985), "X-Ray Observations of Active Chromosphere Stars", Space Science Reviews 40 (1–2): 51–54, doi:10.1007/BF00212865, Bibcode: 1985SSRv...40...51B.
- ↑ Raghavan, Deepak et al. (January 2012), "A Search for Separated Fringe Packet Binaries Using the CHARA Array", The Astrophysical Journal 745 (1): 10, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/24, 24, Bibcode: 2012ApJ...745...24R.
- ↑ Pogo, A. (September 1928), "Spectrographic study of the multiple system HO 212 = 13 Ceti AB.", Astrophysical Journal 68: 116−144, doi:10.1086/143133, Bibcode: 1928ApJ....68..116P.
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