Astronomy:Rho Ceti

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Short description: A-type main sequence star in the constellation Cetus
Rho Ceti
Location of ρ Ceti (circled in red)
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Cetus[1]
Right ascension  02h 25m 57.006s[2]
Declination −12° 17′ 25.708″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 4.885[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage subgiant[4]
Spectral type A0 V[5]
U−B color index +0.001[3]
B−V color index −0.037[3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+18.9±2.0[6] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −11.596[2] mas/yr
Dec.: −9.786[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)5.8054 ± 0.1358[2] mas
Distance560 ± 10 ly
(172 ± 4 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−0.85[1]
Details
Mass2.3[7] M☉
Radius6.3[8] R☉
Luminosity328[9] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.56[10] cgs
Temperature9,505[10] K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)219[11] km/s
Age72[7] Myr
Other designations
ρ Cet, 72 Cet, BD−12°451, FK5 1066, HD 15130, HIP 11345, HR 708, SAO 148385[12]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Rho Ceti is a star in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from ρ Ceti, and abbreviated Rho Cet or ρ Cet. This star is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.885.[3] The distance to this star, based upon an annual parallax shift of 5.81 mas,[2] is around 560 light years. It is drifting further away with a line of sight velocity component of +19 km/s.[6]

This star has a stellar classification of A0 V,[5] which is presenting as an A-type main sequence star. However, it may be in the subgiant stage of its evolution.[4] It is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 219[11] km/s, giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 10% larger than the polar radius.[13] The star has an estimated size 6.3 times the radius of the Sun[8] and is radiating 328 times the solar luminosity[9] from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 9,505 K.[10]

Name

This star, along with π Cet, ε Cet and σ Cet, was Al Sufi's Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos, the Whale's Breast.[14]

According to the catalogue of stars in the Technical Memorandum 33-507 - A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos were the title for four stars :this star (ρ Cet) as Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos I, σ Cet as Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos II, ε Cet as Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos III and π Cet as Al Sadr al Ḳaiṭos IV.[15]

In Chinese, 芻蒿 (Chú Hāo), meaning Hay, refers to an asterism consisting of ρ Ceti, 77 Ceti, 67 Ceti, 71 Ceti, HD 14691[16] and ε Cet. Consequently, the Chinese name for ρ Ceti itself is 芻蒿一 (Chú Hāo yī, English: the First Star of Celestial Meadows.[17]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A  XHIP record for this object at VizieR.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940.  Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Gutierrez-Moreno, Adelina et al. (1966), "A System of photometric standards", Publ. Dept. Astron. Univ. Chile (Publicaciones Universidad de Chile, Department de Astronomy) 1: 1–17, Bibcode: 1966PDAUC...1....1G. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Zorec, J.; Royer, F. (2012), "Rotational velocities of A-type stars. IV. Evolution of rotational velocities", Astronomy and Astrophysics 537: A120, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117691, Bibcode: 2012A&A...537A.120Z. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Houk, Nancy; Smith-Moore, M. (1978), Michigan Catalogue of Two-dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars, 4, Ann Arbor: Dept. of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Bibcode: 1988mcts.book.....H. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 de Bruijne, J. H. J.; Eilers, A.-C. (October 2012), "Radial velocities for the HIPPARCOS-Gaia Hundred-Thousand-Proper-Motion project", Astronomy & Astrophysics 546: 14, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219219, A61, Bibcode: 2012A&A...546A..61D. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Gullikson, Kevin et al. (2016), "The Close Companion Mass-ratio Distribution of Intermediate-mass Stars", The Astronomical Journal 152 (2): 40, doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/40, Bibcode: 2016AJ....152...40G. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Stassun, Keivan G. et al. (2019), "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List", The Astronomical Journal 158 (4): 138, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467, Bibcode: 2019AJ....158..138S. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Fetherolf, Tara et al. (2023), "Variability Catalog of Stars Observed during the TESS Prime Mission", The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 268 (1): 4, doi:10.3847/1538-4365/acdee5, Bibcode: 2023ApJS..268....4F. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Cardiel, Nicolás et al. (2021), "Synthetic RGB photometry of bright stars: Definition of the standard photometric system and UCM library of spectrophotometric spectra", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504 (3): 3730, doi:10.1093/mnras/stab997, Bibcode: 2021MNRAS.504.3730C. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Royer, F. et al. (February 2007), "Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. Velocity distributions", Astronomy and Astrophysics 463 (2): 671–682, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065224, Bibcode: 2007A&A...463..671R. 
  12. ↑ "rho Cet". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=rho+Cet. 
  13. ↑ Belle, G. T. (2012), "Interferometric observations of rapidly rotating stars", The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review 20 (1): 51, doi:10.1007/s00159-012-0051-2, Bibcode: 2012A&ARv..20...51V. 
  14. ↑ Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Reprint ed.), New York: Dover Publications Inc., 1963, p. 162, ISBN ((0-486-21079-0)), https://archive.org/details/starnamestheirlo00alle/page/162, retrieved 2010-12-12. 
  15. ↑ Rhoads, Jack W. (November 15, 1971), Technical Memorandum 33-507-A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19720005197. 
  16. ↑ (in Chinese) 夢之大地 @ 國立成功大學 WebBBS DreamLand @ National Cheng Kung University WebBBS System
  17. ↑ (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 12 日



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