Biology:Haloarcula
Haloarcula (common abbreviation Har.) is a genus of extreme halophilic Archaea in the class of Halobacteria.[1]
Cell structure
Haloarcula species can be distinguished from other genera in the family Halobacteriaceae by the presence of specific derivatives of TGD-2 polar lipids. H. quadrata has predominantly flat, square-shaped, somewhat pleomorphic cells.[2]
Metabolism
Haloarcula quadrata was first isolated when researchers were attempting to culture Haloquadratum walsbyi, a haloarchaeon that was thought to be unculturable until 2004. Similar to other halophilic archaea, Haloarcula species grow optimally at 40–45 °C. Growth appears in sheets of up to 65 cells often in the shape of a square or triangle.
Taxonomy
The genus of Haloarcula was long grouped with other halophilic archaea such as Halobacterium until genomic analysis prompted to reorder this genus in the new family of Haloarculaceae.
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[3] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[4]
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Unassigned Haloarcula
- "H. ajinwuensis"
- "H. algeriensis" Kharroub et al. 2005b
- "H. altuensis"
- "H. brevis" Ma et al. 2024
- "H. montana" Liu et al. 2025
- "H. morrhuae" Torreblanca et al. 1986
- "H. regularis" Ma et al. 2024
- "H. sediminis" Ma et al. 2024
- "H. siamensis" Namwong et al. 2007
Ecology
Haloarcula species are found in neutral saline environments such as salt lakes, marine salterns, and saline soils. Like other members of the family Halobacteriaceae, Haloarcula requires at least 1.5 M NaCl for growth, but grow optimally in 2.0 to 4.5 M NaCl.[4]
See also
References
- ↑ Oren, Aharon (2014), Rosenberg, Eugene; DeLong, Edward F.; Lory, Stephen et al., eds., "The Family Halobacteriaceae" (in en), The Prokaryotes: Other Major Lineages of Bacteria and The Archaea (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer): pp. 41–121, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38954-2_313, ISBN 978-3-642-38954-2, Bibcode: 2014prok.book...41O, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38954-2_313, retrieved 2021-11-17
- ↑ Oren, A.; Ventosa, A.; Gutierrez, M. C.; Kamekura, M. (1999). "Haloarcula quadrata sp. nov., a square, motile archaeon isolated from a brine pool in Sinai (Egypt)". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 49 (3): 1149–1155. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1149. PMID 10425773.
- ↑ J.P. Euzéby. "Haloarcula". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/haloarcula.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sayers. "Haloarcula". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?command=show&mode=tree&id=2237&lvl=3.
- ↑ "The LTP". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP.
- ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_10_2024.ntree.
- ↑ "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_10_2024_release_notes.pdf.
- ↑ "GTDB release 10-RS226". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C.
- ↑ "ar53_r226.sp_label". https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release226/226.0/auxillary_files/ar53_r226.sp_labels.tree.
- ↑ "Taxon History". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/.
Further reading
- "Classification of non-alkaliphilic halobacteria based on numerical taxonomy and polar lipid composition, and description of Haloarcula gen. nov. and Haloferax gen.nov". Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 8 (1–2): 89–99. 1986. doi:10.1016/s0723-2020(86)80155-2.
- "International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae. Minutes of the meetings, 16 August 1999, Sydney, Australia". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50 (3): 1405–1407. 2000. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-3-1405. PMID 10843089.
- "Box-shaped halophilic bacteria". J. Bacteriol. 151 (3): 1532–1542. 1982. doi:10.1128/jb.151.3.1532-1542.1982. PMID 6286602.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q5643348 entry
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