Chemistry:Florfenicol
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| Trade names | Nuflor |
| Other names | 2,2-dichloro-N-((1R,2S)-3-fluoro-1-hydroxy-1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)propan-2-yl)ethanamide |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| Routes of administration | intramuscular, subcutaneous |
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| Formula | C12H14Cl2FNO4S |
| Molar mass | 358.21 g·mol−1 |
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Florfenicol (marketed by Schering-Plough Animal Health under the trade name Nuflor) is a fluorinated synthetic analog of thiamphenicol,[1] mainly used as a antibiotic in veterinary medicine.
As a generic, it is now available worldwide.[2]
Indications
In the United States, florfenicol is currently indicated for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni, for treatment of bovine interdigital phlegmon (foot rot, acute interdigital necrobacillosis, infectious pododermatitis) associated with Fusobacterium necrophorum and Prevotella melaninogenica.
In swine, it is indicated for the treatment of respiratory infections caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Glaesserella parasuis, P. multocida, and Streptococcus suis.
Florfenicol is also used in aquaculture, and is licensed for use in the United States for the control of enteric septicemia in catfish.[3]
Since the early 2000s, it has been used in Europe,[4] treating mainly primary or secondary colibacillosis in broiler[5] and parent flocks. It is not allowed in laying hens, due to residues in eggs. It is also indicated in turkey.
The use of florfenicol in horses, and likely in other equids, typically causes diarrhea. This has been anecdotally reported to progress to lethal cases of acute colitis. Therefore, use of this antimicrobial in the equine patient should be limited to cases in which other, safer, options are not available.[6]
Contamination
Florfenicol was among the drug contaminants in a brand of supermarket eggs in Taiwan and Iran.[7]
External links
References
- ↑ "In vitro antibacterial activity of fluorinated analogs of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 19 (2): 294–297. February 1981. doi:10.1128/aac.19.2.294. PMID 6957162.
- ↑ "Florfenicol". Drugs.com. https://www.drugs.com/international/florfenicol.html.
- ↑ "Multidose pharmacokinetics of orally administered florfenicol in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)". Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 36 (5): 502–506. October 2013. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2885.2012.01426.x. PMID 22882087.
- ↑ "Florfenicol (Extension to Chicken)". Committee for Veterinary Medicinal Products. European Medicines Agency. March 1999. http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Maximum_Residue_Limits_-_Report/2009/11/WC500014277.pdf.
- ↑ "Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in healthy and Escherichia coli-infected broiler chickens". Research in Veterinary Science 73 (2): 137–140. October 2002. doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(02)00033-4. PMID 12204631.
- ↑ "Update on Common Antimicrobials". Current therapy in equine medicine. Saunders Elesevier. 2009. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-4160-5475-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=q-26Cz4t-P0C&q=florfenicol+equine&pg=PA13. Retrieved March 21, 2011.
- ↑ "Survey suggests certain eggs may be dangerous". Taipei Times. 8 January 2013. http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2013/01/08/2003552041.
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