Chemistry:Lithium antimonide
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3D model (JSmol)
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| Li3Sb | |
| Molar mass | 142.58 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | grey crystals |
| Density | 3.2 g/cm3 |
| reacts with water | |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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Lithium antimonide is a binary inorganic compound of lithium and antimony with the molecular formula Li
3Sb.
Synthesis
The compound is synthesized by fusing pure elements at 500 °С and high pressure:[1]
- 3Li + Sb → Li
3Sb
- 3Li + Sb → Li
When a mixture of lithium and antimony is heated, the elements react violently, releasing intense heat and flame.[2] Other reactions are also known.[3]
Physical properties
The compound forms dark grey cystals of the cubic crystal system, space group Pm3m. At a temperature of 650 °C, a transition to the hexagonal phase occurs, spatial group P63/mmc.[4][5]
Chemical properties
Lithium antimonide reacts with water, producing stibine and lithium hydroxide:
- Li
3Sb + 3H
2O → H
3Sb + 3LiOH
- Li
Uses
The compound is recognized as a material for lithium batteries and thermoelectric applications.[6]
References
- ↑ (in en) Yearbook of Pharmacy: Comprising Abstracts of Papers Relating to Pharmacy, Materia Medica and Chemistry Contributed to British and Foreign Journal...with the Transactions of the British Pharmaceutical Conference. John Churchill & Sons. 1902. p. 107. https://books.google.com/books?id=zvE3AAAAMAAJ&q=Lithium+antimonide+Li3Sb. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ↑ Meyer, Richard Joseph (1927) (in de). Gmelins Handbuch der anorganischen chemie. Verlag Chemie GmbH. p. 250. https://books.google.com/books?id=Vbk097c5N2MC&pg=PA250. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ↑ Zhou, Gen-Tao; Palchik, Oleg; Pol, V. G.; Sominski, Elena; Koltypin, Yuri; Gedanken, Aharon (2003). "Microwave-assisted solid-state synthesis and characterization of intermetallic compounds of Li3Bi and Li3Sb". Journal of Materials Chemistry 13 (10): 2607. doi:10.1039/B303163B. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2003/jm/b303163b. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ↑ "Li3Sb ID: mp-7955". Materials Project. https://legacy.materialsproject.org/materials/mp-7955/.
- ↑ Blachnik, R. (27 November 2013) (in de). Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker: Band 3: Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale. Springer-Verlag. p. 542. ISBN 978-3-642-58842-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=qY0iBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA542. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
- ↑ Yahyaoglu, Mujde; Soldi, Thomas; Ozen, Melis; Candolfi, Christophe; Snyder, G. Jeffrey; Aydemir, Umut (16 November 2021). "Stress/pressure-stabilized cubic polymorph of Li3Sb with improved thermoelectric performance" (in en). Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9 (44): 25024–25031. doi:10.1039/D1TA07763E. ISSN 2050-7496. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2021/ta/d1ta07763e. Retrieved 27 January 2026.
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