Chemistry:Tetralithiomethane
Tetralithiomethane, also known as tetralithium carbide, is an organolithium compound with the formula CLi
4. It is an extremely pyrophoric red solid and is the lithium analog of methane.[1]
Production
Its main route of production is by the lithiation of tetrakis(chloromercurio)methane (C(HgCl)
4) by tert-butyllithium. It can also be produced by the reaction of lithium metal and carbon tetrachloride at 900 °C:[1][2]
- 8 Li + CCl
4 → CLi
4 + 4 LiCl
However, this method also produces byproducts, such as lithium carbide.
Reactions
Tetralithiomethane is an extremely strong base, and hydrolyzes vigorously in contact with water producing methane gas and lithium hydroxide:[1]
- CLi
4 + 4 H
2O → CH
4 + 4 LiOH
Deuterated methane CD
4 can also be produced by reacting heavy water with tetralithiomethane.
- CLi
4 + 4 D
2O → CD
4 + 4 LiOD
When tetralithiomethane is heated to 225 °C, it decomposes to lithium carbide and lithium metal.[3][1]
Due to the known affinity of lithium ions Li+
for hydrogen molecules H
2 and therefore potential applications in hydrogen storage materials, tetralithiomethane has been studied computationally for its aggregation, H
2 affinity, and binding to various graphene-type surfaces.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Adalbert Maercker; Manfred Theis (1984). "Tetralithiomethane" (in en). Angewandte Chemie International Edition 23 (12): 995–996. doi:10.1002/anie.198409951.
- ↑ C. Chung; R. J. Lagow (1972). "Reaction of lithium atoms at 800 °C with chlorocarbons; a new route to polylithium compounds" (in en). Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications (19): 1078–1079. doi:10.1039/C3972001078B.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedpyro - ↑ Er, Süleyman; de Wijs, Gilles A.; Brocks, Geert (2009). "Hydrogen Storage by Polylithiated Molecules and Nanostructures". J. Phys. Chem. C 113 (20): 8997–9002. doi:10.1021/jp901305h.
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