Astronomy:19 Fortuna
| File:19 Fortuna VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | John Russell Hind |
| Discovery date | August 22, 1852 |
| Designations | |
| (19) Fortuna | |
| Pronunciation | /fɔːrˈtjuːnə/[1] |
| Named after | Fortūna |
| A902 UG | |
| Minor planet category | Main belt |
| Adjectives | Fortunian /fɔːrˈtjuːniən/ |
| Orbital characteristics[2] | |
| Epoch October 22, 2004 (JD 2453300.5) | |
| |{{{apsis}}}|helion}} | 2.831 AU (423.443 Gm) |
| |{{{apsis}}}|helion}} | 2.052 AU (307.028 Gm) |
| 2.441 AU (365.235 Gm) | |
| Eccentricity | 0.159 |
| Orbital period | 3.81 a (1393.378 d) |
| Average Orbital speed | 18.94 km/s |
| Mean anomaly | 268.398° |
| Inclination | 1.573° |
| Longitude of ascending node | 211.379° |
| 182.091° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | c/a = 0.79±0.05[3] (225×205×195)±12 km[4] |
| Mean diameter | 211±2 km[3] 225 km[5][6] |
| Mass | (8.8±1.4)×1018 kg[3] 12.7×1018 kg[4] |
| Mean density | 1.80±0.29 g/cm3[3] 2.70±0.48 g/cm3[4] |
Equatorial surface gravity | ~0.0629 m/s² |
Equatorial escape velocity | ~0.1190 km/s |
| Rotation period | 0.3101 d (7.4432 h)[2] |
| Geometric albedo | 0.056[3] 0.037[2] |
| Physics | ~180 K |
| G[2] | |
| Apparent magnitude | 8.88[7] to 12.95 |
| Absolute magnitude (H) | 7.13[2] |
| Angular diameter | 0.25" to 0.072" |
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Fortuna (minor planet designation: 19 Fortuna) is one of the largest main-belt asteroids. It has a composition similar to 1 Ceres: a darkly colored surface that is heavily space-weathered with the composition of primitive organic compounds, including tholins.
Fortuna is 225 km in diameter and has one of the darkest known geometric albedos for an asteroid over 150 km in diameter. Its albedo has been measured at 0.028 and 0.037.[8] The spectra of the asteroid displays evidence of aqueous alteration.[9]
The Hubble Space Telescope observed Fortuna in 1993. It was resolved with an apparent diameter of 0.20 arcseconds (4.5 pixels in the Planetary Camera) and its shape was found to be nearly spherical. Satellites were searched for but none were detected.
Stellar occultations by Fortuna have been observed several times. Fortuna has been studied by radar.[10]
It was discovered by J. R. Hind on August 22, 1852, and named after Fortuna, the Roman goddess of luck. Its historical symbol was a star over Fortune's wheel; it is in the pipeline for Unicode 17.0 as U+1CECC (.svg){kind=small}
).[11][12]
Fortuna has been perturbed by the 80 km 135 Hertha and was initially estimated by Baer to have a mass of 1.08×1019 kg.[6] A more recent estimate by Baer suggests it has a mass of 1.27×1019 kg.[4]
On December 21, 2012, Fortuna (~200 km) harmlessly passed within 6.5 Gm of asteroid 687 Tinette.[13]
References
- ↑ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 19 Fortuna". http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=19. Retrieved 2008-11-11.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 P. Vernazza et al. (2021) VLT/SPHERE imaging survey of the largest main-belt asteroids: Final results and synthesis. Astronomy & Astrophysics 54, A56
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Jim Baer (2008). "Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations". Personal Website. http://home.earthlink.net/~jimbaer1/astmass.txt. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
- ↑ Storrs, AlexExpression error: Unrecognized word "etal". (1998). "Imaging Observations of Asteroids with Hubble Space Telescope". Icarus 137 (2): 260–268. doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6047. Bibcode: 1999Icar..137..260S. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120225134811/http://scripts.mit.edu/~paleomag/articles/Storrs_1999_Icarus.pdf. Retrieved 2005-01-15.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Astrometric masses of 21 asteroids, and an integrated asteroid ephemeris". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy (Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007) 100 (2008): 27–42. 2008. doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9103-8. Bibcode: 2008CeMDA.100...27B.
- ↑ "AstDys (19) Fortuna Ephemerides". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy. https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.1&n=19&oc=500&y0=1963&m0=10&d0=31&h0=0&mi0=0&y1=1963&m1=10&d1=31&h1=0&mi1=0&ti=1.0&tiu=days. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
- ↑ Storrs, Alex et al. (2005). "A closer look at main belt asteroids 1: WF/PC images". Icarus 173 (2): 409–416. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.007. Bibcode: 2005Icar..173..409S. Archived from the original on April 18, 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070418034343/http://web.mit.edu/bpweiss/www/StorrsWeiss2005AsteroidsHSTIcarus.pdf. Retrieved 2007-09-23.
- ↑ Fornasier, S. et al. (February 1999), "Spectroscopic comparison of aqueous altered asteroids with CM2 carbonaceous chondrite meteorites", Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 135: 65–73, doi:10.1051/aas:1999161, Bibcode: 1999A&AS..135...65F.
- ↑ "Radar-Detected Asteroids and Comets". NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research. http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/. Retrieved 2011-10-30.
- ↑ Bala, Gavin Jared; Miller, Kirk (18 September 2023). "Unicode request for historical asteroid symbols". Unicode. https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2023/23207-historical-asteroids.pdf.
- ↑ Unicode. "Proposed New Characters: The Pipeline". The Unicode Consortium. https://unicode.org/alloc/Pipeline.html.
- ↑ Generated with Solex 10 by Aldo Vitagliano
External links
- 19 Fortuna at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 19 Fortuna at the JPL Small-Body Database
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