Astronomy:Gliese 163
| Observation data Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS) | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Dorado |
| Right ascension | 04h 09m 15.66834s[1] |
| Declination | −53° 22′ 25.2900″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 11.79[2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | M3.5V[3] |
| B−V color index | 1.480±0.008[2] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 58.30±0.24[1] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 1046.236±0.019[1] mas/yr Dec.: 584.166±0.023[1] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 66.0705 ± 0.0172[1] mas |
| Distance | 49.36 ± 0.01 ly (15.135 ± 0.004 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | 10.91[2] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 0.405±0.010[4] M☉ |
| Radius | 0.409+0.017 −0.016[4] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.02163±0.00063[4] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.87[5] cgs |
| Temperature | 3,460+76 −74[4] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.1±0.1[6] dex |
| Rotation | 61.0±0.3 d[7] |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 0.85[8] km/s |
| Age | 5[9] Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
Gliese 163 is a faint red dwarf star with multiple exoplanetary companions in the southern constellation of Dorado. Other stellar catalog names for it include HIP 19394 and LHS 188.[10] It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 11.79[2] and an absolute magnitude of 10.91.[2] This system is located at a distance of 49.4 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements.[1] Judging by its space velocity components, it is most likely a thick disk star.[3]
This is a small M-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of M3.5V.[3] It has a relatively low activity level for a red dwarf of its mass, suggesting it is an old star with an age of at least two billion years.[6] This star has 41% of the mass and radius of the Sun.[4] It is spinning slowly with a projected rotational velocity of 0.85 km/s[8] and has a rotation period of 61 days.[7] The star is radiating just 2%[6] of the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,460 K.[4]
Planetary system
In September 2012, astronomers using the HARPS instrument announced the discovery of two planets orbiting Gliese 163.[11][12] The first planet, Gliese 163 b, is a super-Earth or mini-Neptune with an orbital period of 9 days, therefore far too hot to be considered habitable. However, Gliese 163 c, with an orbital period of 26 days and a minimum mass of 6.9 Earth masses, was considered to potentially be in the star's habitable zone, although it is hotter than Earth, with a temperature of 60 deg. C (140 deg. F). It has an eccentricity estimated to be about 0.03, giving it a fairly circular orbit. Evidence was also found for a third planet orbiting further out than c and b.[11][12]
In June 2013, it was concluded that at least 3 planets orbit around the star with a fourth planet being a possibility,[6] and in a paper submitted to arXiv in June 2019, that and another planet were found, thus giving the system a total of five planets.[13]
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | ≥9.9±2.3 M⊕ | 0.060+0.005 −0.006 |
8.6312+0.0023 −0.0021 |
0.02+0.12 −0.02 |
— | — |
| c | ≥7.6+2.9 −2.3 M⊕ |
0.124+0.010 −0.013 |
25.637±0.042 | 0.03+0.18 −0.03 |
— | — |
| f | ≥6.8±4.4 M⊕ | 0.326+0.027 −0.034 |
109.5+1.6 −1.4 |
0.04+0.23 −0.04 |
— | — |
| e | ≥13.6+8.2 −6.5 M⊕ |
0.700±0.066 | 349+12 −10 |
0.03+0.25 −0.03 |
— | — |
| d | ≥20.2±7.6 M⊕ | 1.021+0.088 −0.118 |
604+29 −24 |
0.02+0.22 −0.02 |
— | — |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Reid, I. Neill et al. (October 1995). "The Palomar/MSU Nearby-Star Spectroscopic Survey. I. The Northern M Dwarfs -Bandstrengths and Kinematics". Astronomical Journal 110: 1838. doi:10.1086/117655. Bibcode: 1995AJ....110.1838R.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Pineda, J. Sebastian et al. (September 2021). "The M-dwarf Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Sample. I. Determining Stellar Parameters for Field Stars". The Astrophysical Journal 918 (1): 23. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0aea. 40. Bibcode: 2021ApJ...918...40P.
- ↑ Santos, N. C. et al. (August 2013). "SWEET-Cat: A catalogue of parameters for Stars With ExoplanETs. I. New atmospheric parameters and masses for 48 stars with planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics 556: 11. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321286. A150. Bibcode: 2013A&A...556A.150S.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Tuomi, M.; Anglada-Escudé, G. (2013). "Up to four planets around the M dwarf GJ 163". Astronomy & Astrophysics 556: A111. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321174.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Suárez Mascareño, A. et al. (September 2015), "Rotation periods of late-type dwarf stars from time series high-resolution spectroscopy of chromospheric indicators", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 452 (3): 2745–2756, doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1441, Bibcode: 2015MNRAS.452.2745S
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Houdebine, E. R.; Mullan, D. J.; Paletou, F.; Gebran, M.; Bubar, E. J.; McGahee, C. E.; O'Donoghue, A. A.; Knox, E. R. (2016). "Rotation-Activity Correlations in K and M Dwarfs. I. Stellar Parameters and Compilations of v sin I and P/Sin I for a Large Sample of Late-K and M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal 822 (2): 97. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/822/2/97. Bibcode: 2016ApJ...822...97H.
- ↑ Linsky, Jeffrey L. et al. (October 2020). "The Relative Emission from Chromospheres and Coronae: Dependence on Spectral Type and Age". The Astrophysical Journal 902 (1): 15. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb36f. 3. Bibcode: 2020ApJ...902....3L.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "L 229-91". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=L+229-91.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Méndez, Abel (August 29, 2012). "A Hot Potential Habitable Exoplanet around Gliese 163". University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo (Planetary Habitability Laboratory). http://phl.upr.edu/press-releases/ahotpotentialhabitableexoplanetaroundgliese163. Retrieved September 20, 2012.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Redd, Nola Taylor (September 20, 2012). "Newfound Alien Planet a Top Contender to Host Life". Space.com. http://www.space.com/17684-alien-planet-gliese-163c-extraterrestrial-life.html. Retrieved September 20, 2012.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Tuomi, M. et al. (June 2019) (in en). Frequency of planets orbiting M dwarfs in the Solar neighbourhood. Bibcode: 2019arXiv190604644T.
- ↑ Bonfils, Xavier et al. (5 August 2013). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics 556: A110. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220237. Bibcode: 2013A&A...556A.110B.
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