Astronomy:NGC 3938

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Short description: Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major
NGC 3938
NGC3938 UArizona.jpg
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationUrsa Major[1]
Right ascension 11h 52m 42.9s[1]
Declination+44° 07′ 17″[1]
Distance43 Mly
Apparent magnitude (V)10.9[1]
Characteristics
TypeSA(s)c[2]
Apparent size (V)5.4′ × 4.9′[1]
Other designations
UGC 6856, MCG+07-25-001, PGC 37229[2]

NGC 3938 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the Ursa Major constellation. It was discovered on 6 February 1788 by William Herschel. It is one of the brightest spiral galaxies in the Ursa Major South galaxy group and is roughly 67,000 light years in diameter.[3] It is approximately 43 million light years away from Earth.[1] NGC 3938 is classified as type Sc under the Hubble sequence, a loosely wound spiral galaxy with a smaller and dimmer bulge.[4] The spiral arms of the galaxy contain many areas of ionized atomic hydrogen gas, more so towards the center.[5]

Supernovae

Five supernovae have been identified within NGC 3938. SN 1961U (mag. 13.7) was discovered on 2 January 1962.[6] SN 1964L (mag. 13.3) was discovered on 11 December 1964.[7] SN 2005ay is a type II supernova that was discovered on 27 March 2005 and had a magnitude of 15.6.[8] SN 2017ein is a type Ic supernova that was discovered on 25 May 2017 and peaked at magnitude 14.9.[9] Images taken before the explosion point to a progenitor mass between ~47-48M☉, if it was in a single star system, and ~60-80M☉, if it was in a binary star system.[10] SN 2022xlp is a type Ia supernova that was discovered on 13 October 2022 by Koichi Itagaki.

Gallery

  • Artist's impression of progenitor star to a type Ic supernova in NGC 3938.[11]

  • Spiral galaxy NGC 3938, by HST. Location of SN 2005ay remnant is marked.

  • NGC 3938 with supernova SN 2005ay

  • The location of SN 2017ein, by HST.

  • NGC 3938 by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 George Normandin (5 May 2005). "Spiral Galaxy NGC 3839". kopernik.org. http://www.kopernik.org/images/archive/n3938.htm. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Results for object NGC 3938 (NGC 3938)". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. California Institute of Technology. https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/byname?objname=NGC%203938&hconst=67.8&omegam=0.308&omegav=0.692&wmap=4&corr_z=1. Retrieved 2021-02-28. 
  3. ↑ "The Ursa Major Groups". Atlas of the Universe. http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/galgrps/uma.html. 
  4. ↑ van der Kruit, P.C.; Shostak, G.S. (1982). "Studies of Nearly Face-on Spiral Galaxies". Astronomy and Astrophysics 105: 351–358. Bibcode: 1982A&A...105..351V. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1982A%26A...105..351V&data_type=PDF_HIGH&whole_paper=YES&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf. Retrieved 25 June 2014. 
  5. ↑ Jiménez-Vicente, J.; E. Battaner; M. Rozas; H. Castañeda et al. (1999). "Fabry-Perot observations of the ionized gas in NGC 3938". Astronomy and Astrophysics 342: 417–425. Bibcode: 1999A&A...342..417J. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1999A%26A...342..417J&data_type=PDF_HIGH&whole_paper=YES&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf. 
  6. ↑ Transient Name Server entry for SN 1961U. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  7. ↑ Transient Name Server entry for SN 1964L. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  8. ↑ "Supernova 2005ay in NGC 3938". Rochester Astronomy. http://www.rochesterastronomy.org/sn2005/sn2005ay.html. 
  9. ↑ "Supernovae 2017ein in NGC 3938" (in en). http://www.rochesterastronomy.org/sn2017/sn2017ein.html. 
  10. ↑ Van Dyk, Schuyler (2018-07-15). "SN 2017ein and the Possible First Identification of a Type Ic Supernova Progenitor". The Astrophysical Journal 860 (2): 90. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac32c. Bibcode: 2018ApJ...860...90V. 
  11. ↑ "Artist's impression of progenitor star to a type Ic supernova". https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo1847a/. 

External links




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