Biology:Glycerol kinase
| glycerol kinase | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | GK |
| NCBI gene | 2710 |
| HGNC | 4289 |
| OMIM | 300474 |
| RefSeq | NM_000167 |
| UniProt | P32189 |
| Other data | |
| EC number | 2.7.1.30 |
| Locus | Chr. X p21.3 |
Glycerol kinase, encoded by the gene GK, is a phosphotransferase involved in triglycerides and glycerophospholipids synthesis. The enzyme catalyses the chemical reaction:
- REDIRECT Template:Chemical reaction
The enzyme characterised from liver converts glycerol to (R)-glyceryl 1-phosphate by transferring a phosphate group from the cofactor, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is converted to adenosine diphosphate (ADP).[1][2]
Adipocytes lack glycerol kinase so they cannot metabolize the glycerol produced during triacyl glycerol degradation. This glycerol is instead shuttled to the liver via the blood where it is:
- Phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to glycerol 3-phosphate.
Enzyme regulation
This protein may use the morpheein model of allosteric regulation.[3]
Structure
Glycerol Kinase (alternative name, ATP:glycerol 3-phosphotransferase or Glycerokinase) adopts a ribonuclease H-like fold consisting of an alpha-beta 2-layer sandwich of CATH family 3.30.420.40. As of March 2010[update], there were 20 structures of this protein in the PDB, most of which are homodimeric.
External links
- Glycerol+Kinase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
References
- ↑ Bublitz, C.; Kennedy, E.P. (1955). "Synthesis of phosphatides in isolated mitochondria. III. The enzymatic phosphorylation of glycerol" (pdf). Journal of Biological Chemistry 211: 951–961. PMID 13221600. https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(18)71182-4/pdf.
- ↑ Enzyme 2.7.1.30 at KEGG Pathway Database.
- ↑ "Dynamic dissociating homo-oligomers and the control of protein function". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 519 (2): 131–43. March 2012. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2011.11.020. PMID 22182754.
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