Biology:MAPK1
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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
 Generic protein structure example |
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK 1), also known as ERK2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK1 gene.[1]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. The activation of this kinase requires its phosphorylation by upstream kinases. Upon activation, this kinase translocates to the nucleus of the stimulated cells, where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein, but differing in the UTRs, have been reported for this gene.[2] MAPK1 contains multiple amino acid sites that are phosphorylated and ubiquitinated.[3]
Interactions
MAPK1 has been shown to interact with:
- ADAM17,[4]
- CIITA,[5]
- DUSP1,[6][7]
- DUSP22,[8]
- DUSP3,[9]
- ELK1,[10][11]
- FHL2,[12]
- HDAC4,[13]
- MAP2K1,[14][15][16][17][18][19]
- MAP3K1[20]
- MAPK14,[14][21]
- MKNK1,[22]
- MKNK2,[22][23]
- Myc,[24][25][26]
- NEK2,[27]
- PEA15,[28]
- PTPN7,[29][30]
- Phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1,[16]
- RPS6KA1,[10][31][32]
- RPS6KA2,[32][33]
- RPS6KA3,[31][33]
- SORBS3,[34]
- STAT5A,[35][36]
- TNIP1,[37]
- TOB1,[38]
- TSC2,[39]
- UBR5,[10] and
- VAV1.[40][41]
Clinical significance
Mutations in MAPK1 are implicated in many types of cancer.[42]
See also
References
- ↑ "Extracellular signal-regulated kinases in T cells: characterization of human ERK1 and ERK2 cDNAs". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 182 (3): 1416–22. February 1992. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(92)91891-S. PMID 1540184.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: MAPK1 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5594.
- ↑ "ERK2 (human)". https://www.phosphosite.org/proteinAction.action?id=832&showAllSites=true.
- ↑ "Extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylates tumor necrosis factor alpha-converting enzyme at threonine 735: a potential role in regulated shedding". Mol. Biol. Cell 13 (6): 2031–44. June 2002. doi:10.1091/mbc.01-11-0561. PMID 12058067.
- ↑ "Mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK1/2 regulates the class II transactivator". J. Biol. Chem. 283 (14): 9031–9. April 2008. doi:10.1074/jbc.M706487200. PMID 18245089.
- ↑ "Distinct binding determinants for ERK2/p38alpha and JNK map kinases mediate catalytic activation and substrate selectivity of map kinase phosphatase-1". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (19): 16491–500. May 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M010966200. PMID 11278799.
- ↑ "Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 ubiquitination in extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mediated control of growth in human hepatocellular carcinoma". Cancer Res. 68 (11): 4192–200. June 2008. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6157. PMID 18519678.
- ↑ "Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel dual specificity phosphatase, LMW-DSP2, that lacks the cdc25 homology domain". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (29): 27575–83. July 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100408200. PMID 11346645.
- ↑ "Extracellular regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and ERK2 are authentic substrates for the dual-specificity protein-tyrosine phosphatase VHR. A novel role in down-regulating the ERK pathway". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (19): 13271–80. May 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.19.13271. PMID 10224087.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Identification of novel ERK2 substrates through use of an engineered kinase and ATP analogs". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (17): 14926–35. April 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M300485200. PMID 12594221.
- ↑ "Neither ERK nor JNK/SAPK MAP kinase subtypes are essential for histone H3/HMG-14 phosphorylation or c-fos and c-jun induction". J. Cell Sci. 108 (11): 3599–609. November 1995. doi:10.1242/jcs.108.11.3599. PMID 8586671.
- ↑ "Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 interacts with and is negatively regulated by the LIM-only protein FHL2 in cardiomyocytes". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (3): 1081–95. February 2004. doi:10.1128/mcb.24.3.1081-1095.2004. PMID 14729955.
- ↑ "Histone deacetylase 4 associates with extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, and its cellular localization is regulated by oncogenic Ras". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (26): 14329–33. December 2000. doi:10.1073/pnas.250494697. PMID 11114188. Bibcode: 2000PNAS...9714329Z.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "p38alpha isoform Mxi2 binds to extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 mitogen-activated protein kinase and regulates its nuclear activity by sustaining its phosphorylation levels". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (9): 3079–90. May 2003. doi:10.1128/mcb.23.9.3079-3090.2003. PMID 12697810.
- ↑ "Identification of novel point mutations in ERK2 that selectively disrupt binding to MEK1". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (17): 14844–52. April 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107776200. PMID 11823456.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Mechanism of suppression of the Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway by the raf kinase inhibitor protein". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (9): 3079–85. May 2000. doi:10.1128/mcb.20.9.3079-3085.2000. PMID 10757792.
- ↑ "A novel 14-kilodalton protein interacts with the mitogen-activated protein kinase scaffold mp1 on a late endosomal/lysosomal compartment". J. Cell Biol. 152 (4): 765–76. February 2001. doi:10.1083/jcb.152.4.765. PMID 11266467.
- ↑ "Hydrophobic as well as charged residues in both MEK1 and ERK2 are important for their proper docking". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (28): 26509–15. July 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M102769200. PMID 11352917.
- ↑ "Regulation of stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways by TAO2". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (19): 16070–5. May 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100681200. PMID 11279118.
- ↑ "MEKK1 binds raf-1 and the ERK2 cascade components". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (51): 40120–7. December 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005926200. PMID 10969079.
- ↑ "Identification of a docking groove on ERK and p38 MAP kinases that regulates the specificity of docking interactions". EMBO J. 20 (3): 466–79. February 2001. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.3.466. PMID 11157753.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 "Mitogen-activated protein kinases activate the serine/threonine kinases Mnk1 and Mnk2". EMBO J. 16 (8): 1909–20. April 1997. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.8.1909. PMID 9155017.
- ↑ "The N and C termini of the splice variants of the human mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase Mnk2 determine activity and localization". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (16): 5692–705. August 2003. doi:10.1128/mcb.23.16.5692-5705.2003. PMID 12897141.
- ↑ "Tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone promotes functional cooperation of Bcl2 and c-Myc through phosphorylation in regulating cell survival and proliferation". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (38): 40209–19. September 2004. doi:10.1074/jbc.M404056200. PMID 15210690.
- ↑ "MAP kinase binds to the NH2-terminal activation domain of c-Myc". FEBS Lett. 353 (3): 281–5. October 1994. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(94)01052-8. PMID 7957875.
- ↑ "Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 is an activator of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (14): 7337–42. July 1997. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.14.7337. PMID 9207092. Bibcode: 1997PNAS...94.7337T.
- ↑ "Nek2A specifies the centrosomal localization of Erk2". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 321 (2): 495–501. August 2004. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.06.171. PMID 15358203.
- ↑ "PEA-15 mediates cytoplasmic sequestration of ERK MAP kinase". Dev. Cell 1 (2): 239–50. August 2001. doi:10.1016/s1534-5807(01)00035-1. PMID 11702783.
- ↑ "The MAP-kinase ERK2 is a specific substrate of the protein tyrosine phosphatase HePTP". Oncogene 19 (7): 858–69. February 2000. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203408. PMID 10702794.
- ↑ "Inhibition of T cell signaling by mitogen-activated protein kinase-targeted hematopoietic tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP)". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (17): 11693–700. April 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.17.11693. PMID 10206983.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 "Identification of an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) docking site in ribosomal S6 kinase, a sequence critical for activation by ERK in vivo". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (5): 2893–8. January 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.5.2893. PMID 9915826.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 "Phosphorylation of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) regulates extracellular signal-regulated kinase docking and RSK activity". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (14): 4796–804. July 2003. doi:10.1128/mcb.23.14.4796-4804.2003. PMID 12832467.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 "Regulation and interaction of pp90(rsk) isoforms with mitogen-activated protein kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (47): 29773–9. November 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.47.29773. PMID 8939914.
- ↑ "Extracellular signal-regulated kinase activated by epidermal growth factor and cell adhesion interacts with and phosphorylates vinexin". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (33): 34570–7. August 2004. doi:10.1074/jbc.M402304200. PMID 15184391.
- ↑ "Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) interacts with signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 5a". Mol. Endocrinol. 13 (4): 555–65. April 1999. doi:10.1210/mend.13.4.0263. PMID 10194762.
- ↑ "Growth hormone (GH) induces the formation of protein complexes involving Stat5, Erk2, Shc and serine phosphorylated proteins". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 166 (2): 89–99. August 2000. doi:10.1016/s0303-7207(00)00277-x. PMID 10996427.
- ↑ "A new ERK2 binding protein, Naf1, attenuates the EGF/ERK2 nuclear signaling". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 297 (1): 17–23. September 2002. doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02086-7. PMID 12220502.
- ↑ "Identification of the Anti-proliferative protein Tob as a MAPK substrate". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (40): 37783–7. October 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204506200. PMID 12151396.
- ↑ "Phosphorylation and functional inactivation of TSC2 by Erk implications for tuberous sclerosis and cancer pathogenesis". Cell 121 (2): 179–93. April 2005. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.02.031. PMID 15851026.
- ↑ "Association of a p95 Vav-containing signaling complex with the FcepsilonRI gamma chain in the RBL-2H3 mast cell line. Evidence for a constitutive in vivo association of Vav with Grb2, Raf-1, and ERK2 in an active complex". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (43): 26962–70. October 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.43.26962. PMID 8900182.
- ↑ "Vav is associated with signal transducing molecules gp130, Grb2 and Erk2, and is tyrosine phosphorylated in response to interleukin-6". FEBS Lett. 401 (2–3): 133–7. January 1997. doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(96)01456-1. PMID 9013873.
- ↑ "Expression of MAPK1 in cancer - Summary - The Human Protein Atlas". https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000100030-MAPK1/pathology.
Further reading
- "Hyperphosphorylation of tau in PHF". Neurobiol. Aging 16 (3): 365–71; discussion 371–80. 1995. doi:10.1016/0197-4580(95)00027-C. PMID 7566346.
- "Histone deacetylase isoforms regulate innate immune responses by deacetylating mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1". J Leukoc Biol 95 (4): 651–9. 2014. doi:10.1189/jlb.1013565. PMID 24374966.
- "Transcriptional regulation by MAP kinases". Mol. Reprod. Dev. 42 (4): 459–67. 1995. doi:10.1002/mrd.1080420414. PMID 8607977.
- "Tat-induced deregulation of neuronal differentiation and survival by nerve growth factor pathway". J. Neurovirol. 8 Suppl 2 (2): 91–6. 2002. doi:10.1080/13550280290167885. PMID 12491158.
- "HIV-1 Nef control of cell signalling molecules: multiple strategies to promote virus replication". J. Biosci. 28 (3): 323–35. 2003. doi:10.1007/BF02970151. PMID 12734410.
- "The ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway as a master regulator of the G1- to S-phase transition". Oncogene 26 (22): 3227–39. 2007. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210414. PMID 17496918.
External links
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