Biology:RPS4X
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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
 Generic protein structure example |
40S ribosomal protein S4, X isoform is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPS4X gene.[1][2][3]
Ribosomes, organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes ribosomal protein S4, a component of the 40S subunit. Ribosomal protein S4 is the only ribosomal protein known to be encoded by more than one gene, namely this gene and ribosomal protein S4, Y-linked (RPS4Y). The 2 isoforms encoded by these genes are not identical, but are functionally equivalent. Ribosomal protein S4 belongs to the S4E family of ribosomal proteins. This gene is not subject to X-inactivation. It has been suggested that haploinsufficiency of the ribosomal protein S4 genes plays a role in Turner syndrome; however, this hypothesis is controversial. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.[3]
References
- ↑ "Molecular cloning of the human gene, CCG2, that complements the BHK-derived temperature-sensitive cell cycle mutant tsBN63: identity of CCG2 with the human X chromosomal SCAR/RPS4X gene". J Cell Sci 100 (1): 35–43. Apr 1992. doi:10.1242/jcs.100.1.35. PMID 1795030.
- ↑ "Structure and function of ribosomal protein S4 genes on the human and mouse sex chromosomes". Mol Cell Biol 14 (4): 2485–92. Apr 1994. doi:10.1128/mcb.14.4.2485. PMID 8139551.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: RPS4X ribosomal protein S4, X-linked". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6191.
Further reading
- "Structure and evolution of mammalian ribosomal proteins". Biochem. Cell Biol. 73 (11–12): 933–947. 1996. doi:10.1139/o95-101. PMID 8722009.
- Fisher EM; Beer-Romero P; Brown LG et al. (1991). "Homologous ribosomal protein genes on the human X and Y chromosomes: escape from X inactivation and possible implications for Turner syndrome". Cell 63 (6): 1205–1218. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90416-C. PMID 2124517.
- "Isolation of an abundantly expressed sequence from the human X chromosome by differential screening". Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 14 (1): 31–39. 1988. doi:10.1007/BF01535047. PMID 2829364.
- Matoba R; Okubo K; Hori N et al. (1994). "The addition of 5'-coding information to a 3'-directed cDNA library improves analysis of gene expression". Gene 146 (2): 199–207. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90293-3. PMID 8076819.
- "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–174. 1994. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- "Functional equivalence of human X- and Y-encoded isoforms of ribosomal protein S4 consistent with a role in Turner syndrome". Nat. Genet. 4 (3): 268–271. 1993. doi:10.1038/ng0793-268. PMID 8358435.
- "Ullrich-Turner syndrome is not caused by haploinsufficiency of RPS4X". Hum. Genet. 97 (1): 39–44. 1996. doi:10.1007/bf00218830. PMID 8557258.
- Vladimirov SN; Ivanov AV; Karpova GG et al. (1996). "Characterization of the human small-ribosomal-subunit proteins by N-terminal and internal sequencing, and mass spectrometry". Eur. J. Biochem. 239 (1): 144–149. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0144u.x. PMID 8706699.
- "Relationship between the monosomy X phenotype and Y-linked ribosomal protein S4 (Rps4) in several species of mammals: a molecular evolutionary analysis of Rps4 homologs". Genomics 31 (1): 44–50. 1996. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0007. PMID 8808278.
- Suzuki Y; Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K; Maruyama K et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–156. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
- Kenmochi N; Kawaguchi T; Rozen S et al. (1998). "A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes". Genome Res. 8 (5): 509–23. doi:10.1101/gr.8.5.509. PMID 9582194.
- "A complete map of the human ribosomal protein genes: assignment of 80 genes to the cytogenetic map and implications for human disorders". Genomics 72 (3): 223–230. 2001. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6470. PMID 11401437.
- Robinson RC; Turbedsky K; Kaiser DA et al. (2001). "Crystal structure of Arp2/3 complex". Science 294 (5547): 1679–1684. doi:10.1126/science.1066333. PMID 11721045. Bibcode: 2001Sci...294.1679R.
- Andersen JS; Lyon CE; Fox AH et al. (2002). "Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus". Curr. Biol. 12 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9. PMID 11790298.
- Strausberg RL; Feingold EA; Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–16903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- "Sex differences in structure and expression of the sex chromosome genes CHD1Z and CHD1W in zebra finches". Mol. Biol. Evol. 21 (2): 384–396. 2004. doi:10.1093/molbev/msh027. PMID 14660691.
- Ota T; Suzuki Y; Nishikawa T et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–45. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
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