Chemistry:Silver phosphate

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Silver phosphate
Fosforečnan stříbrný.PNG
Ag3PO4 crystal structure.png
Names
IUPAC name
Silver(I) phosphate
Other names
phosphoric acid, silver(I) salt; argentous phosphate; silver phosphate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
EC Number
  • 232-049-0
UNII
Properties[2]
Ag3PO4
Molar mass 418.574 g/mol
Appearance Translucent yellow
becomes opaque or discolors when impure.
Odor odorless
Density 6.370 g/cm3
Melting point 849 °C (1,560 °F; 1,122 K)
0.00065 g/100 mL
8.89×10−17[1]
−120.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
cubic
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Alrdich
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterHealth code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
0
2
0
Flash point non-flammable
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Silver phosphate or silver orthophosphate is a light sensitive, yellow, water-insoluble chemical compound composed of silver and phosphate ions of formula Ag3PO4.

Synthesis, reactions and properties

Silver phosphate is formed as a yellow solid precipitate by the reaction between a soluble silver salt, such as silver nitrate, with a soluble orthophosphate.[3] Its solubility product is 8.89×10−17 mol4·dm−2.[4][5] The precipitation reaction is analytically significant[6] and can be used in qualitative or quantitative and quantitative analysis.[7]

This compound dissolves in aqueous ammonia.[3] Large crystals of silver phosphate form upon gradual evaporation of such ammoniacal solutions.

Its structure has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.[8]

Uses

The precipitation of silver phosphate is useful in traditional analytical chemistry. Precipitation of silver phosphate is also used in silver staining of biological materials (after reduction to silver metal) - as a magnifying agent for phosphate.[9]

Silver phosphate also found use in early photography as a light sensitive agent.[10]

Silver phosphate exhibits antibacterial properties.[11]

Research

Silver phosphate is a high (90%) quantum yield photocatalyst for the visible light photochemical splitting of water and for production of activated oxygen by the same method.[12]

Other silver phosphates

Silver pyrophosphate Ag4P2O7 (CAS No. 13465-97-9)[13] can be prepared as a white precipitate from reaction of silver(I) and pyrophosphate ions. Like silver orthophosphate it is light sensitive. Silver orthophosphate turns red on exposure to light.[14] It has a density of 5.306 g/cm3 and a melting point of 585 °C.[15] A hydrate also exists which decomposes at 110 °C.[15]

Silver metaphosphate (AgPO3) (CAS No. 13465-96-8)[16] is a white solid with a density of 6.370 g/cm3 and a melting point of 482 °C. A hydrate also exists which decomposes at 240 °C.[15]

References

  1. ↑ John Rumble (June 18, 2018) (in English). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–189. ISBN 978-1138561632. 
  2. ↑ Weast, Robert C., ed (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. B-145. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8. .
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). "Phosphates". Encyclopædia Britannica. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 475. 
  4. ↑ Ksp solubility constant for common salts www.solubilityofthing.com
  5. ↑ SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANTS www.ktf-split.hr
  6. ↑ Inorganic chemistry, Egon Wiberg, Nils Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman, Academic Press, 2001 p.721 Google Books excerpt
  7. ↑ F.H. Firsching (1961). "Precipitation of Silver Phosphate from Homogenous Solution". Anal. Chem. 33 (7): 873–874. doi:10.1021/ac60175a018. 
  8. ↑ R. Masse, I, Tordjman, A. Durif (1976). "Affinement de la Structure Cristalline du Monophosphate d'Argent Ag3PO4. Existence d'une Forme Haute Témperature". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie 144 (1–6): 76–81. doi:10.1524/zkri.1976.144.1-6.76. 
  9. ↑ Taichman, R. S.; Hauschka, P. V. (1992). "Effects of interleukin-1? And tumor necrosis factor-? On osteoblastic expression of osteocalcin and mineralized extracellular matrix in vitro". Inflammation 16 (6): 587–601. doi:10.1007/BF00919342. PMID 1459694. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44508/1/10753_2004_Article_BF00919342.pdf.  Free version
  10. ↑ Cassell's cyclopaedia of photography, Bernard Edward Jones, Ayer Publishing, 1973, p.401 'Phosphate plates and papers', googlebooks link
  11. ↑ Nanocoated film as a bacteria killer 23/1/2009, www.nanowerk.com
  12. ↑ Yi, Z.; Ye, J.; Kikugawa, N.; Kako, T.; Ouyang, S.; Stuart-Williams, H.; Yang, H.; Cao, J. et al. (2010). "An Orthophosphate Semiconductor with Photooxidation Properties under Visible-Light Irradiation". Nature Materials 9 (7): 559–564. doi:10.1038/nmat2780. PMID 20526323. Bibcode: 2010NatMa...9..559Y. 
  13. ↑ Silver pyrophosphate www.chemicalbook.com
  14. ↑ Silver Compounds p.5, section 2.22, from Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Authors: SAMUEL F. ETRIS (The Silver Institute), C. ROBERT CAPPEL (Eastman Kodak Company), via www.scribd.com
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Bulletin of the National Research Council, National Research Council (U.S.A), 1950, pp.56-57 google books link
  16. ↑ Silver metaphosphate www.chemicalbook.com



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