Biology:Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L4

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

39S ribosomal protein L4, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL4 gene.

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. Sequence analysis identified alternatively spliced variants that encode different protein isoforms.

Further reading

• "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Anal. Biochem. 236 (1): 107–13. 1996. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474. 
• "Large-Scale Concatenation cDNA Sequencing". Genome Res. 7 (4): 353–8. 1997. doi:10.1101/gr.7.4.353. PMID 9110174. 
• "Identification of Novel Human Genes Evolutionarily Conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by Comparative Proteomics". Genome Res. 10 (5): 703–13. 2000. doi:10.1101/gr.10.5.703. PMID 10810093. 
• "Structural compensation for the deficit of rRNA with proteins in the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Systematic analysis of protein components of the large ribosomal subunit from mammalian mitochondria". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (24): 21724–36. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100432200. PMID 11279069. 
• "The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders". Genomics 77 (1–2): 65–70. 2001. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6622. PMID 11543634. 
• "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• "Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome". Genomics 81 (5): 468–80. 2003. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1. PMID 12706105. 
• "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334. 
• "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. 2005. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. Bibcode: 2005Natur.437.1173R. 

External links

• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q9BYD3 (39S ribosomal protein L4, mitochondrial) at the PDBe-KB.