Biology:Teschovirus

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Short description: Genus of viruses


Teschovirus
Virus classification e
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Pisoniviricetes
Order: Picornavirales
Family: Picornaviridae
Genus: Teschovirus
Synonyms
  • Porcine teschovirus

Teschovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Picornaviridae. Pigs serve as natural hosts. There are two species in this genus, including Teschovirus A (previously Porcine teschovirus), which is responsible for the porcine enteroviral encephalomyelitis disease caused in pigs.[1] The genus name comes from this species and the disease it causes: Teschen disease (a severe and fatal form of pig encephalomyelitis), which itself was named for the town Teschen in Poland/Czechoslovakia where the disease was first recognised in 1929.[1][2][3]

Genome

Teschovirus has a single-stranded, linear, non-segmented RNA genome. The RNA genome is positively sensed meaning that it has the same polarity as the mRNA and no reverse transcription is necessary. The size of the genome is between 7000 and 9000 nucleotides long. In addition the virus genome contains at the 5’ end a protein called VPg and the 3’ end is polyadenylated. Through translation of the genome a polyprotein is produced. It is later cleaved in order to give twelve proteins. These proteins are nucleoproteins, non-structural proteins, a polymerase, proteases like the leader protein and the genome linked-protein.[4]

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species:[3]

  • Teschovirus A
  • Teschovirus B

Structure

Viruses in Teschovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical, and round geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 30 nm.[2]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Teschovirus Icosahedral Pseudo T=3 Non-enveloped Linear Monopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the virus to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by ribosomal skipping. The virus exits the host cell by lysis, and viroporins. Pig serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are fecal-oral.[2]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Teschovirus Swine Gastrointestinal tract; CNS Cell receptor endocytosis Lysis Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Oral-fecal

References

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q1718851 entry