Chemistry:Ammonium azide
From HandWiki
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Ammonium azide
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| Other names
Ammonium trinitride
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| [NH 4]N 3 | |
| Molar mass | 60.059 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.3459 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 160 °C (320 °F; 433 K) |
| Boiling point | 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) (decomposes) |
| Structure[1] | |
| Orthorhombic | |
| Pman | |
a = 8.930, b = 8.642, c = 3.800
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Formula units (Z)
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4 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Very toxic, explosive |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Ammonium nitrate Ammonium cyanide Ammonium carbamate |
Other cations
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Lithium azide Sodium azide Potassium azide Rubidium azide Caesium azide Silver azide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
 verify (what is   ?)
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| Infobox references | |
Ammonium azide is the chemical compound with the formula [NH
4]N
3, being the salt of ammonia and hydrazoic acid. Like other inorganic azides, this colourless crystalline salt is a powerful explosive, although it has a remarkably low sensitivity. [NH
4]N
3 is physiologically active and inhalation of small amounts causes headaches and palpitations. It was first obtained by Theodor Curtius in 1890, along with other azides.
Structure
Ammonium azide is ionic, meaning it consists of ammonium cation [NH
4]+
and azide anion N−
3, therefore its formula is [NH
4]+
[N
3]−
. It is a structural isomer of tetrazene. Ammonium azide contains about 93% nitrogen by mass.
References
- ↑ Frevel, Ludo K. (1 January 1936). "The Crystal Structure of Ammonium Azide, NH4N3". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials 94 (1–6): 197. doi:10.1524/zkri.1936.94.1.197.
- Yakovleva, G. S.; Kurbangalina, R. Kh.; Stesik, L. N. (1977). "Detonation properties of ammonium azide". Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 13 (3): 405. doi:10.1007/BF00740326.
- Salim de Amorim, Helio; do Amaral, M. R.; Pattison P.; Ludka I. P.; Mendes, J. C. (2002). "Ammonium azide: A Commented Example of an Ab Initio Structure (Re-)Determination From X-Ray Diffraction". Revista de la Sociedad Química de Mexico 45 (4): 313–319. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/475/47546404.pdf.
- Curtius, Th. (1890). "Ueber Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure (Azoimid) N3H". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft 23 (2): 3023–3033. doi:10.1002/cber.189002302232. https://zenodo.org/record/1425592.
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