Chemistry:Hafnium carbonitride
| Identifiers | |
|---|---|
3D model (JSmol)
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| Properties | |
| CHf2N | |
| Molar mass | 204.51 g/mol[1] |
| Appearance | black odorless powder |
| Melting point | 4,100 °C (7,410 °F; 4,370 K) |
| insoluble | |
| Structure | |
| Cubic crystal system, cF8 | |
| Fm3m, No. 225 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Hafnium carbonitride (HfCN) is a highly refractory mixed anion ceramic compound composed of hafnium, carbon and nitrogen. Hafnium carbonitride's crystal structure is resistant to temperatures as high as 4,200 °C (7,590 °F). Under standard conditions it is the most heat-resistant material known, as no other known substance has a higher melting point.[2]
In 2015, atomistic simulations predicted that a Hf-C-N material could have a melting point exceeding Ta4HfC5 and hafnium carbide by 200 °C.[3] This would later be proven in experimental testing conducted in 2020 by the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) in Moscow.[4] Samples of both hafnium carbide and hafnium carbonitride were tested in the same environment in which hafnium carbonitride was shown to have a melting point exceeding 4,000 °C, higher than that of hafnium carbide (3,958 °C).[5] More precise testing has yet to be conducted to determine the substance's exact melting point.
References
- ↑ "Hafnium Carbonitride". https://www.americanelements.com/hafnium-carbonitride.
- ↑ Science, The National University of; MISIS, Technology. "Scientists develop the most heat-resistant material ever created" (in en). https://phys.org/news/2020-05-scientists-heat-resistant-material.html.
- ↑ Hong, Qi-Jun; van de Walle, Axel (2015). "Prediction of the material with highest known melting point from ab initio molecular dynamics calculations". Physical Review B 92 (2): 020104. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.92.020104. ISSN 1098-0121. Bibcode: 2015PhRvB..92b0104H.
- ↑ Buinevich, V.S.; Nepapushev, A.A.; Moskovskikh, D.O.; Trusov, G.V.; Kuskov, K.V.; Vadchenko, S.G.; Rogachev, A.S.; Mukasyan, A.S. (March 2020). "Fabrication of ultra-high-temperature nonstoichiometric hafnium carbonitride via combustion synthesis and spark plasma sintering". Ceramics International 46 (10): 16068–16073. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.03.158.
- ↑ "Scientists Create World's Most Heat Resistant Material with Potential Use for Spaceplanes". https://www.forbes.com/sites/allisongasparini/2020/05/31/scientists-create-worlds-most-heat-resistant-material-with-potential-use-for-spaceplanes/?sh=79f5452b4f7e.
| NH3 | He(N2)11 | ||||||||||||||||
| Li3N | Be3N2 | BN | β-C3N4 g-C3N4 |
N2 | NxOy | NF3 | Ne | ||||||||||
| Na3N | Mg3N2 | AlN | Si3N4 | PN P3N5 |
SxNy SN S4N4 |
NCl3 | Ar | ||||||||||
| K3N | Ca3N2 | ScN | TiN | VN | CrN Cr2N |
MnxNy | FexNy | CoN | Ni3N | CuN | Zn3N2 | GaN | Ge3N4 | As | Se | NBr3 | Kr |
| Rb3N | Sr3N2 | YN | ZrN | NbN | β-Mo2N | Tc | Ru | Rh | PdN | Ag3N | CdN | InN | Sn | Sb | Te | NI3 | Xe |
| Cs3N | Ba3N2 | Hf3N4 | TaN | WN | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg3N2 | TlN | Pb | BiN | Po | At | Rn | |
| Fr3N | Ra3N | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
| ↓ | |||||||||||||||||
| La | CeN | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | GdN | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Ac | Th | Pa | UN | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
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