Engineering:STS-131

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Short description: 2010 American crewed spaceflight to the ISS
STS-131
STS-131 Canadarm2 grapples Leonardo.jpg
Canadarm2 grapples the MPLM Leonardo in Discovery's payload bay, prior to berthing
Mission typeISS logistics
OperatorNASA
COSPAR ID2010-012A
SATCAT no.36507
Mission duration15 days, 2 hours, 47 minutes, 11 seconds[1][2][3]
Distance travelled10,029,810 kilometres (6,232,235 mi)
Orbits completed238
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftSpace Shuttle Discovery
Launch mass2,051,031 kilograms (4,521,749 lb)[4](total)
121,047 kilograms (266,864 lb) (orbiter)
Landing mass102,039 kilograms (224,957 lb)
Crew
Crew size7
Members
  • Alan Poindexter
  • James P. Dutton
  • Richard A. Mastracchio
  • Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger
  • Stephanie Wilson
  • Naoko Yamazaki
  • Clayton Anderson
Start of mission
Launch dateApril 5, 2010, 10:21:22 (2010-04-05UTC10:21:22Z) UTC[5][6]
Launch siteKennedy LC-39A
End of mission
Landing dateApril 20, 2010, 13:08:35 (2010-04-20UTC13:08:36Z) UTC
Landing siteKennedy SLF Runway 15
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth
Perigee altitude320 kilometres (200 mi)
Apogee altitude346 kilometres (215 mi)
Inclination51.6°
Period90 minutes
Docking with ISS
Docking portPMA-2
(Harmony forward)
Docking dateApril 7, 2010, 07:44 UTC
Undocking dateApril 17, 2010, 12:52 UTC
Time docked10 days, 5 hours, 8 minutes
STS-131 patch.svg STS-131 Official Crew Photo.jpg
Seated: James Dutton (left) Alan Poindexter (right), Standing (l-r): Rick Mastracchio, Stephanie Wilson, Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger, Naoko Yamazaki (JAXA) and Clayton Anderson
← STS-130
STS-132 →
 

STS-131 (ISS assembly flight 19A)[7] was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). Space Shuttle Discovery launched on April 5, 2010, at 6:21 am from LC-39A, and landed at 9:08 am on April 20, 2010, on runway 33 at the Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility.[5] The mission marked the longest flight for Space Shuttle Discovery.

The primary payload was a Multi-Purpose Logistics Module loaded with supplies and equipment for the International Space Station. The mission also removed and replaced an ammonia tank assembly outside the station on the S1 truss. STS-131 furthermore carried several on-board payloads; this mission had the most payloads since STS-107. It is also the last shuttle mission with a crew of 7.

Crew

Position[8] Astronaut
Commander Alan Poindexter
Second and last spaceflight
Pilot James Dutton
Only spaceflight
Mission Specialist 1 Richard Mastracchio
Third spaceflight
Mission Specialist 2 Dorothy M. Metcalf-Lindenburger
Only spaceflight
Mission Specialist 3 Stephanie Wilson
Third spaceflight
Mission Specialist 4 Naoko Yamazaki, JAXA
Only spaceflight
Mission Specialist 5 Clayton Anderson
Second and last spaceflight
Notes:
  • This was the final Space Shuttle mission with a seven person crew.
  • It was the final Space Shuttle crew with any "rookie" astronauts; all of the remaining missions would have all-veteran crews.[9]
  • The launch was the last shuttle mission to take place at night.
  • STS-131 was the third and last mission in the Space Shuttle program with three female astronauts. STS-40 and STS-96 were the first two.[10]
  • STS-131 marked the first time two Japanese astronauts, Naoko Yamazaki from the shuttle crew and Soichi Noguchi on the ISS, were in space together.[11]
  • Expedition 23 Flight Engineer Tracy Caldwell Dyson was on the ISS at the time. This made STS-131 the first time four women have been in space at once.[12]
  • Naoko Yamazaki was the last Japanese astronaut to fly on the Space Shuttle.

Mission payload

Multi-Purpose Logistics Module Leonardo

The primary payload of STS-131 was the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) Leonardo.[13] The MPLM was filled with food and science supplies for the International Space Station (ISS). The MPLM also carried the third and final Minus Eighty Degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI), Window Orbital Research Facility (WORF), one Crew Quarters Rack, the Muscle Atrophy Resistive Exercise (MARES) rack, Resupply Stowage Racks (RSRs), and Resupply Stowage Platforms (RSPs).[14]

Lightweight Multi-Purpose Equipment Support Structure Carrier

The Lightweight Multi-Purpose Equipment Support Structure Carrier (LMC) carried a refurbished Ammonia Tank Assembly (ATA) to the ISS. The refurbished ATA was removed from the Space Station and returned for use on this mission during STS-128. It was swapped with an empty tank which will ride home on the LMC.[14]

LMC with ATAs STS-131. Note that the MISSE-6 FSE return was deferred to STS-133.
Location Cargo Mass
Bays 1–2 Orbiter Docking System
EMU 3008 / EMU 3017 		1,800 kilograms (4,000 lb)
~260 kilograms (570 lb)
Bay 4P Shuttle Power
Distribution Unit (SPDU) 		~18 kilograms (40 lb)
Bay 7S ROEU 751A umbilical 127 kilograms (280 lb)
Bays 7–12 Leonardo (MPLM FM-1) 12,371 kilograms (27,273 lb)
Bay 13 Lightweight MPESS Carrier (LMC) 1,764 kilograms (3,889 lb)
Starboard Sill Orbiter Boom Sensor System 382 kilograms (842 lb)
Port Sill Canadarm 410 kilograms (900 lb)
Total: 15,332 kilograms (33,801 lb)

TriDAR

This mission was the second flight of the TriDAR, a 3D dual-sensing laser camera, intended for potential use as an autonomous rendezvous and docking sensor. TriDAR provides guidance information that can be used to guide a vehicle during rendezvous and docking operations in space. TriDAR does not rely on any reference markers, such as reflectors, positioned on the target spacecraft. To achieve this, it relies on a laser based 3D sensor and a thermal imager. Geometric information contained in successive 3D images is matched against the known shape of the target object to calculate its position and orientation in real-time. The TriDAR tracked the ISS position and orientation from the shuttle during docking, undocking, and flyaround operations.[15]

Mission milestones

The first time four women were in space at the same time.
Mission poster, designed in the Armageddon theme

The mission marked:[16]

  • 162nd NASA crewed space flight
  • 131st shuttle mission since STS-1
  • 38th flight of Discovery
  • 33rd shuttle mission to the ISS
  • 106th post-Challenger mission
  • 18th post-Columbia mission
  • 35th and last night launch of a shuttle, 22nd night launch from launch pad 39A
  • 2nd "descending node" entry since 2003

Shuttle processing

Space Shuttle Discovery was moved from its hangar in the Orbiter Processing Facility (OPF) 3 to the nearby Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) on February 22, 2010.[17][18] The rollover was completed around 10:30 EST. According to NASA, the rollover occurred a day earlier than announced to take advantage of favorable weather in advance of poor conditions forecasted on the next day.[19][20]

An earlier plan to move Discovery into the VAB on February 12, 2010, was delayed because of cold weather at the Kennedy Space Center.[6][21] For the rollover, temperatures in the VAB had to be above 45 °F (7 °C) for more than twelve hours because Discovery was not attached to any heating purges to protect its systems from potential damage from the cold.[22]

Space Shuttle Discovery began its trip, known as the rollout, to LC-39A at 23:58 EST on March 2, 2010. The complete shuttle stack and mobile launcher platform were secured to the LC-39A structure at 6:49 EST on March 3, 2010.[23] The 3.4 mi (5.5 km) trek took 6 hours 51 minutes to complete. The rollout was delayed 24 hours by the threat of lightning from a passing cold front. That weather moved away, and the stiff wind gusts blowing on Florida's Space Coast on the next day were not a factor for the rollout. Ahead of the rollout, engineers noticed some damage caused by birds to the External Tank (ET-135), which was repaired inside the VAB. Birds had managed to reach the tank, and pecked away at the Thermal Protection System (TPS) foam.[24]

  • Space Shuttle Discovery rolls toward the Vehicle Assembly Building.

  • Space Shuttle Discovery at Launch Pad 39A.

  • International Space Station (bottom right) passes over the Cape 15 minutes prior to launch.

Mission timeline

April 5 (Flight Day 1 – Launch)

Discovery lifted off successfully at 06:21 EDT, making this launch as the last night launch in the Space Shuttle program. After the 8 1/2-minute ride to space, Discovery's seven person crew began configuring the orbiter from a launch vehicle to an orbital vehicle. Commander Alan Poindexter and pilot Jim Dutton, with help from mission specialist 2 Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger, also performed a series of engine firings or burns to adjust their speed and refine their path to the International Space Station. While the engine burns were going on, the rest of the crew opened the payload bay doors, set up the computers and Ku band antenna. The antenna suffered a failure during normal checkout and setup on orbit.Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag While Metcalf-Lindenburger and Yamazaki were working with Canadarm, Stephanie Wilson was getting equipment together and set up to record the inspections of the shuttle's heat shield.[25] The inspections were recorded so they could be downlinked to the ground once docked to the ISS. Once all that work was done, commander Poindexter and pilot Dutton joined Metcalf-Lindenburger, Yamazaki, and Wilson to conduct the inspection of the shuttle's heat shield. While the inspection was going on, Rick Mastracchio and Clayton Anderson were on the mid-deck of Discovery checking out the Extravehicular Mobility Units (EMU) and getting them ready for their three spacewalks. The last portion of the crew day was spent preparing and checking out all of the tools used during rendezvous.

April 7 (Flight Day 3 – Docking)

Space Shuttle Discovery successfully docked with the space station at 07:44 UTC (03:44 EDT) on April 7, 2010, as the two spacecraft sailed 220 miles above the Caribbean.[26][27] The crew performed six successful engine firings to set up the on-time docking. Prior to docking commander Poindexter guided Discovery through the standard Rendezvous Pitch Maneuver (RPM). Station commander Oleg Kotov and flight engineer T.J. Creamer took more than 350 photos of Discovery's heat shield. Once Discovery docked to the International Space Station (ISS), a series of leak checks were done on both sides of the hatch by the shuttle and station crews. The hatches between the two vehicles were opened at 09:11 UTC (05:11 EDT), which was 30 minutes earlier than planned.[28] Once the hatches were opened the STS-131 crew got a safety briefing from the station crew, then began to transfer items that would be needed for later in the day and early on flight day 4. Two items that were transferred were the two EMUs that will be used for the three spacewalks. The crew also completed a grapple of the Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS) with the Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) also known as Canadarm2. Once the OBSS was grappled it was unberthed from the starboard sill of the space shuttle payload bay, and handed off to the SRMS. Throughout the day, after docking to the station, the shuttle crew began downlinking all of the inspection video from flight day 2, and launch imagery and video.

  • Aft portion of Discovery, including the three main engines, during the RPM.

  • View of the underside of the crew cabin of Discovery during the RPM.

  • Discovery approaches the Space Station for docking.

  • Kibo, photographed by a crew member while Discovery was docked with the station.

April 8 (Flight Day 4 – MPLM ingress)

On flight day 4, Stephanie Wilson and Naoko Yamazaki grappled and berthed the Multi-purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) Leonardo.[29] The MPLM was berthed to the station at 04:24 UTC (00:24 EDT). The hatches were opened by station flight engineer Soichi Noguchi and shuttle mission specialist Clayton Anderson at 11:58 UTC (07:58 EDT). The joint STS-131/Expedition 23 crews began transferring cargo from the MPLM, with the first item being a Rate Gyro Assembly (RGA) which will be replaced on the first spacewalk of the mission. During flight day 4, commander Alan Poindexter did several in-flight interviews. Commander Poindexter was joined by mission specialists Rick Mastracchio and Stephanie Wilson. The interviews were with the Tom Joyner Radio Show, WVIT-TV and Fox News Radio.[30] At the end of the day, Mastracchio and Anderson entered the Quest airlock and begin breathing pure oxygen for an hour, while the atmospheric pressure inside the airlock was lowered to 10.2 psi. This procedure is known as the pre-breathe protocol and is done before every spacewalk, to purge nitrogen from the blood stream and prevent decompression sickness.[31]

  • Stephanie Wilson and Naoko Yamazaki in the Cupola.

  • Wilson in the US lab

  • Robotic workstation

  • The crew sorting out blueprints in the Japanese Experiment Module

  • Wilson relaxing in the Cupola

April 9 (Flight Day 5 – EVA 1)

Flight day 5 saw the completion of the first spacewalk by Rick Mastracchio and Clayton Anderson.[32] The pair released the new ammonia tank assembly for transfer to station for installation on a later spacewalk. They also removed an experiment from outside on the Kibo Exposed Facility, replaced a Rate Gyro Assembly (RGA) and performed several get-ahead tasks. The spacewalking pair was assisted by the SSRMS which was operated by pilot Jim Dutton and mission specialist Stephanie Wilson. While the spacewalk took place, Naoko Yamazaki was assisted by commander Alan Poindexter, and the Expedition 23 crew to move several of the large science racks from the MPLM Leonardo to their new location on the ISS.[33]

  • Highlights from the first spacewalk (21 mins 43 secs).

  • Mastracchio during EVA 1.

  • The crew enjoying time off

April 10 (Flight Day 6 – Transfers)

Flight day 6 was dedicated to transferring supplies from the MPLM Leonardo and the Space Shuttle mid-deck. The crews transferred the Windows Observational Research Facility (WORF) to the Destiny lab. Mission specialist Naoko Yamazaki, along with flight engineer Soichi Noguchi also transferred the Express Rack 7 (ER7) to its final location. During the crews morning, a smoke alarm sounded in the Russian segment of the station, which prompted the joint crew to move into emergency procedures. However the alarm was false and was cleared within a couple of minutes and all normal work resumed. Mission specialists Clay Anderson, Rick Mastracchio and Stephanie Wilson conducted in-flight interviews with Nebraska Public Radio, CBS Newspath and Radio Network and KETV-TV in Omaha, Nebraska.[34] Later in the day commander Alan Poindexter, pilot Jim Dutton and mission specialist Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger talked with students at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. At the end of the crews work day, the joint crew got together and reviewed the procedures for the second spacewalk. After the procedures review spacewalkers Clay Anderson and Rick Mastracchio entered the Quest airlock, closed the hatch and lowered the inside pressure to 10.2 psi. The pair also breathed pure oxygen for an hour while the pressure was being lowered.[35]

  • Flight Day 6 highlights (19 minutes 58 seconds).

  • Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger inside the MPLM Leonardo.

  • Stephanie Wilson with technical blueprints in Node 1

April 11 (Flight Day 7 – EVA 2)

On flight day 7, astronauts Clay Anderson and Rick Mastracchio performed their second spacewalk of the STS-131 mission. Mastracchio and Anderson exited the airlock at 05:30 UTC, a full 45 minutes ahead of the planned time, and spent 7 hours and 26 minutes outside the ISS.[36] The pair removed the old Ammonia Tank Assembly (ATA) from the S1 truss and installed the new ATA. Anderson and Mastracchio ran into a small problem when one of the four bolts that holds the tank in place wouldn't turn. They loosened the other three and tried them all again and the fourth bolt was successfully tightened. The two spacewalkers helped guide the SSRMS to temporarily stow the old ATA on the truss structure. The new ATA had its electrical connections made, but the fluid connections were deferred until the third spacewalk since the EVA was behind the time-line. Mastracchio and Anderson also installed two radiator grapple fixture stowage beams on the P1 truss. While Anderson and Mastracchio were outside, members of the STS-131 crew continued transferring items from Space Shuttle Discovery's mid-deck and the MPLM Leonardo. Overall, the crew had completed about half of the transfer work.

  • Highlights from the second spacewalk (23 mins 54 secs)

  • Group photo while in the cupola observing the EVA

  • Mastracchio during EVA 2.

April 12 (Flight Day 8 – Off duty)

Astronaut Clayton Anderson playing with a water bubble.

The joint STS-131/Expedition 23 crews had the morning off on flight day 8. After their morning off the crews continued their transfer activities, which are more than seventy percent complete. The crews also conducted several PAO events, including VIP events with Roscosmos, Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, RSC Energia, the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Japanese students, astronaut Mamoru Mohri, and Japanese dignitaries. Later, commander Alan Poindexter, pilot Jim Dutton, and mission specialists Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger and Stephanie Wilson participated in an in-flight interview with several American media outlets including Fox News, ABC World News, and MSNBC. While the PAO events took place, Rick Mastracchio and Clay Anderson were preparing the spacesuits and tools they will use for the third and final spacewalk. Later in the day the pair will have a procedures review with other members of the ISS and shuttle crews. After the review, they will enter the airlock, close the hatch and lower the pressure to 10.2 psi and breathe pure oxygen for their campout.[37]

April 13 (Flight Day 9 – EVA 3)

On flight day 9, Rick Mastracchio and Clay Anderson completed the third and final spacewalk of the STS-131 mission. Their tasks included hooking up the ammonia and nitrogen lines to the new Ammonia Tank Assembly (ATA), installing the old ATA in the shuttle's payload bay, retrieving some Micro-Meteoroid Orbital Debris (MMOD) shields, bolting a grapple bar (which had been removed from the old ATA) onto the new ATA, and preparation of some cables on the Z1 truss and tools to be used during STS-132. During the installation of the old ATA in Discovery's payload bay, the spacewalkers had some problems securing a bolt on the ATA to the LMC.[38] The spacewalk took 6 hours and 24 minutes, bringing the total EVA time to 20 hours and 19 minutes. While the EVA was going on, commander Alan Poindexter and mission specialist Naoko Yamazaki continued transferring items from the MPLM to the ISS. Transfer is more than seventy-five percent complete.

  • Highlights from flight day 9 (38 mins 14 secs).

  • Mastracchio and Anderson working in Discovery's aft payload bay during EVA 3.

  • Clayton Anderson during EVA 3.

  • Stephanie Wilson and James Dutton in the US lab robotic workstation area

April 14 (Flight Day 10 – Final transfers/off duty)

The crew of STS-131 continued with transfer activities on the morning of flight day 10. The morning was devoted largely to transferring items to the MPLM Leonardo. There are only a few items awaiting transfer to Space Shuttle Discovery's mid-deck left. The crew enjoyed an hour long mid-day meal with the Expedition 23 crew. The entire joint crew took part in a crew photo, which was followed by a joint crew news conference with U.S., Russian and Japanese media. Later in the day, commander Alan Poindexter, mission specialists Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger, Stephanie Wilson, and Clayton Anderson took time out to talk with students from Eastern Guilford High School in Gibsonville, North Carolina and with third and fourth graders from that school district. The majority of the crews afternoon was spent off duty.[39]

  • Naoko Yamazaki eats a snack in the Kibo laboratory.

  • STS-131 and Expedition 23 crew members gather for a group portrait.

April 15 (Flight Day 11 – MPLM unberthing)

On flight day 11, the MPLM Leonardos hatches were closed at 07:38 UTC (03:38 EDT) and the MPLM was unberthed from the nadir or Earth facing port of the Harmony node at 20:24 UTC (16:24 EDT). It was placed in a low hover, about 3 feet (0.91 m) above Shuttle Discovery's payload bay. This was done because the MPLM was unberthed from Harmony later than planned. The delay in unberthing was caused by a set of bolts on the Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM) getting stuck due to a broken pin. The crew will finish putting Leonardo in the payload bay on flight day 12, prior to the docked late inspection.[40] The crews conducted some transfer operations between the ISS and shuttle mid-deck, which brings the overall transfer operations to ninety-four percent complete for the mission.

April 16 (Flight Day 12 – Late inspection)

The MPLM Leonardo secured in Discovery's payload bay.

On flight day 12, the crew of Space Shuttle Discovery secured the MPLM Leonardo in the payload bay for return to Earth.[41] Mission specialist Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger activated the latches to secure Leonardo in the payload bay at 07:15 UTC (03:15 EDT). After Leonardo was secured, Metcalf-Lindenburger, pilot Jim Dutton began the late inspection of Discovery's heat shield. The pair were joined by commander Alan Poindexter and mission specialist Naoko Yamazaki to complete the inspection of the shuttle's Reinforced Carbon-Carbon (RCC) panels on the wings and nose and the heat-resistant tiles. The scan, which takes about 7 hours, was completed 3 hours ahead of schedule,[42] and it was done while still docked to the International Space Station (ISS) due to the loss of the shuttle's Ku-Band antenna.[43]

April 17 (Flight Day 13 – Undocking)

Space Shuttle Discovery successfully undocked from the International Space Station (ISS) at 12:52 UTC (08:52 EDT).[44] Discovery was docked to the ISS for 10 days, 5 hours, and 8 minutes. After Discovery departed from the ISS, pilot Jim Dutton took control of the shuttle and performed a fly around of the space station. The undocking was preceded by a farewell ceremony, where shuttle commander Alan Poindexter and station commander Oleg Kotov said farewells on behalf of their crews.[45] After undocking the shuttle crew stowed the Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS) and the Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (SRMS) since they will not be needed for the rest of the flight. The crew was also informed that Discovery's heat shield was cleared for re-entry into Earth's atmosphere.[46]

  • Space Shuttle Discovery flies around the ISS after undocking (44 mins 7 secs).

  • Discovery separates from the Space Station.

  • The underside of Discovery soon after post-undocking relative separation.

  • ISS seen from Discovery after undocking.

April 18 (Flight Day 14 – Landing prep)

On flight day 14, the crew of Space Shuttle Discovery began their final preparations for landing. The crew packed and stowed away items they no longer need for the rest of the flight. Throughout the day, commander Alan Poindexter and pilot Jim Dutton completed a series of checkouts of flight systems. These checks include 2 firings of the Reaction Control System (RCS) jets and a test of the Flight Control System (FCS). Once those checkouts were complete the pair began doing communications checkouts with the Merritt Island tracking station and tracking stations at the White Sands Space Harbor in New Mexico and Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base. The crew also took time out of their day to conduct an in-flight interview with WBZ-AM in Boston, Massachusetts ; the Associated Press; and KEZI-TV in Eugene.[47]

April 19 (Flight day 15 – First landing opportunity)

The crew of STS-131 awoke for flight day 15 and began their deorbit preparations. These preparations include closing the payload bay doors, activating the Flash Evaporator System (FES) and getting into their Advanced Crew Escape Suits (ACES). The crew got as far as "fluid loading", where the crew consumes a set quantity of fluids to counteract the effects of gravity, in their deorbit preps. The crew was informed of the one orbit wave off about one hour prior to the deorbit burn. After the crew was told of the wave off, they held in their procedures to see if they would be given a go for the second landing opportunity. However, they were not given a go for the second chance and the crew began backing out of their deorbit preps. Both landing chances were waved off due to bad weather at the Kennedy Space Center.[48]

April 20 (Flight day 16 – Landing)

Space Shuttle Discovery landed at 09:08 EDT (13:08 UTC) on runway 33 at Florida's Kennedy Space Center following a two-week mission in space.[49][50]

  • Landing video (7 mins 49 secs).

  • Discovery lands on runway 33 at KSC ending the STS-131 mission.

  • Flyover cities during the landing.

  • Crew on the tarmac.

Spacewalks

At least three spacewalks were planned for this mission.[1] The main objectives for the three EVAs were as follows:

EVA[51] Spacewalkers[52] Start (UTC) End (UTC) Duration
EVA 1 Rick Mastracchio
Clayton Anderson 		April 9, 2010
05:31 		April 9, 2010
11:58 		6 hours 27 minutes
The crew inside used the station's robotic arm to remove a new ammonia tank from shuttle's payload bay and temporarily stow it on the station. The spacewalkers then retrieved a seed experiment from outside the Japanese laboratory, installed a grapple bar to the new ammonia tank on the station's truss and replaced a failed gyroscope that is part of the station's navigation system, along with several get-ahead tasks.
EVA 2 Mastracchio
Anderson 		April 11, 2010
05:30 		April 11, 2010
12:56 		7 hours 26 minutes
Crew members, using the station's arm, removed an empty ammonia tank from the station's truss and temporarily stowed it on an equipment cart. The new tank was then installed and electrical connections were made to it. The station's arm then temporarily stowed the old tank on another part of the station's structure until the mission's third spacewalk.
EVA 3 Mastracchio
Anderson 		April 13, 2010
06:14 		April 13, 2010
12:36 		6 hours 24 minutes
Using the station's arm, the crew moved the old tank into the shuttle's payload bay for return to Earth. The spacewalkers also removed a grapple bar from the old ammonia tank and attached it to the new one. The pair then relocated a foot restraint and some tools and prepared some cables for the STS-132 mission.

Wake-up calls

NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the Gemini program, which was first used to wake up a flight crew during Apollo 15. Each track is specially chosen, often by their families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.[53][54]

Flight Day Song Artist Played for Links
Day 2 "Find Us Faithful" Steve Green Clay Anderson WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 3 "I Will Rise" Chris Tomlin Jim Dutton WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 4 "Hato to Shōnen" (The Pigeons and a Boy) Joe Hisaishi Naoko Yamazaki WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 5 "Defying Gravity" Idina Menzel & Kristin Chenoweth Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 6 "We Weren't Born to Follow" Bon Jovi Rick Mastracchio WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 7 "Stairway To The Stars" Ella Fitzgerald Stephanie Wilson WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 8 "Because We Believe" Andrea Bocelli Alan Poindexter WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 9 "Galileo" Indigo Girls Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 10 "The Miracle of Flight" Mike Hyden Clay Anderson WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 11 "The Earth in the Color of Lapis Lazuli" Seiko Matsuda Naoko Yamazaki WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 12 Opening theme to Stargate SG-1 Joel Goldsmith Rick Mastracchio WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 13 "Joy" Newsboys Jim Dutton WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 14 "What A Wonderful World" Louis Armstrong Stephanie Wilson WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 15 "Star Spangled Banner" Alan Poindexter WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT
Day 16 "On The Road Again" Willie Nelson The entire crew WAV, MP3
TRANSCRIPT

See also

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 NASA (September 2009). "Remaining Space Shuttle Missions". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/394380main_2009.12.01%20Remaining%20Shuttle%20Missions.pdf. 
  2. ↑ Chris Bergin (April 10, 2010). "STS-131: NASA managers plan out extra docked day late inspections". NASASpaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/04/sts-131-nasa-plan-extra-docked-day-late-inspections/. 
  3. ↑ "Cloudy Skies Delay Space Shuttle's Homecoming". ABC News. April 19, 2010. https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory?id=10413467. 
  4. ↑ NASA. "STS-131 press kit". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/435885main_sts131_press_kit.pdf. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 NASA (February 16, 2010). "NASA's Shuttle and Rocket Missions". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/missions/highlights/schedule.html. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Bergin, Chris (February 15, 2010). "STS-131: Cold weather delays flow – DDO constraint pushes launch into April". NASASpaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/02/sts-131-weather-delays-flow-ddo-may-push-launch-april/. 
  7. ↑ NASA (September 24, 2009). "Consolidated Launch Manifest". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/iss_manifest.html. 
  8. ↑ NASA (December 5, 2008). "NASA Assigns Astronaut Crews for Future Space Shuttle Missions". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2008/dec/HQ_08-321.html. 
  9. ↑ Peter Spotts (April 5, 2010). "After space shuttle launch: three spacewalks, among other chores". The Christian Science Monitor. http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2010/0405/After-space-shuttle-launch-three-spacewalks-among-other-chores. Retrieved April 12, 2010. 
  10. ↑ "Women in Space". NASA. https://history.nasa.gov/women.html. 
  11. ↑ NASA (March 8, 2010). "Preflight Interview: Naoko Yamazaki, Mission Specialist". http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/interview_yamazaki_prt.htm. 
  12. ↑ "Four Women will Fly in Space for the First Time in the History". Russian Federal Space Agency. April 3, 2010. http://www.roscosmos.ru/main.php?id=2&nid=8979. 
  13. ↑ NASA. "STS-131 Shuttle Mission Imagery". NASA. http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/shuttle/sts-131/html/sts131-s-001.html. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Chris Gebhardt (February 23, 2009). "STS-131: Discovery's Logistics Flight Baselined by PRCB". NASASpaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/02/sts-131-logistics-flight-baselined-by-prcb/. 
  15. ↑ "Canadian Content on Shuttle Mission STS-131". Canadian Space Agency. http://news.gc.ca/web/article-eng.do?m=/index&nid=521539. 
  16. ↑ Bill Harwood. "STS-131 Quick-Look 2". CBS. http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/131/131quicklook2.html. 
  17. ↑ NASA (February 22, 2010). "Two Shuttles, Two Crews on the Move". http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/index.html. 
  18. ↑ Ben Cooper. "Discovery gets ready for tank and boosters". Spaceflight.com. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100223lift/index.html. 
  19. ↑ Chris Bergin and Chris Gebhardt (February 22, 2010). "One in, one out – Discovery and Endeavour tag for next mission". NASAspaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/02/one-in-one-out-discovery-endeavour-tag-next-mission/. 
  20. ↑ Tariq Malik (February 23, 2010). "NASA Prepares Shuttle Discovery for April Launch". SPACE.com. http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/discovery-shuttle-leaves-hangar-100223.html. 
  21. ↑ "Cold weather delays Discovery's rollover to VAB". Floridatoday.com. February 10, 2010. http://www.floridatoday.com/content/blogs/space/2010/02/cold-weather-delays-discoverys-rollover.shtml. 
  22. ↑ Chris Bergin (February 15, 2010). "STS-131: Cold weather delays flow – DDO constraint pushes launch into April". NASASpaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/02/sts-131-weather-delays-flow-ddo-may-push-launch-april/. 
  23. ↑ Justin Ray (March 3, 2010). "Discovery perched atop launch pad for April flight". Spaceflightnow.com. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100303rollout/. 
  24. ↑ Chris Bergin (March 3, 2010). "STS-131: Discovery rolls out to Pad 39A – ET repaired following bird vandalism". NASAspaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/03/sts-131-discovery-rollout-et-repaired-bird-vandalism/. 
  25. ↑ William Harwood (April 6, 2010). "Crew inspects shuttle, but data downlink has to wait". Spaceflightnow. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100405fd2/index2.html. 
  26. ↑ NASA. "STS-131 MCC Status Report #04". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-04.html. 
  27. ↑ William Harwood (April 7, 2010). "Shuttle Discovery docks to space station right on time". Spaceflightnow. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100406fd3/index2.html. 
  28. ↑ Chris Gebhardt (April 7, 2010). "Discovery docks with ISS following successful Ku Band workaround". NASASpaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/04/discovery-docks-iss-mer-ku-band/. 
  29. ↑ William Harwood (April 8, 2010). "Delivery van pulls up to the International Space Station". Spaceflightnow. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100407fd4/index3.html. 
  30. ↑ NASA (April 8, 2010). "STS-131 MCC Status Report #06". http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-06.html. 
  31. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #07". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-07.html. 
  32. ↑ Chris Gebhardt (April 8, 2010). "STS-131 EVA-1 completed – No FI required for Discovery's clean TPS". NASAspaceflightnow.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/04/eva-1-begins-ata-replacement-no-fi-required-for-discoverys-clean-tps/. 
  33. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #09". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-09.html. 
  34. ↑ William Harwood (April 10, 2010). "Astronauts discuss upcoming spacewalks, space summit". Spaceflightnow. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100409fd6/index3.html. 
  35. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #11". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-11.html. 
  36. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #13". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-13.html. 
  37. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #15". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-15.html. 
  38. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #17". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-17.html. 
  39. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #19". http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-19.html. 
  40. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #22". http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-22.html. 
  41. ↑ William Harwood (April 16, 2010). "Discovery crew puts away module, scans heat shield". Spaceflightnow. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100416fd12/index.html. 
  42. ↑ Chris Bergin (April 16, 2010). "STS-131: Discovery berths MPLM and completes DLI ahead of undocking". NASAspaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/04/sts-131-discovery-mplm-completes-dli-ahead-undocking/. 
  43. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #24". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-24.html. 
  44. ↑ William Harwood (April 17, 2010). "Departing Discovery leaves station stocked with supplies". Spaceflightnow. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100417fd13/index2.html. 
  45. ↑ Chris Bergin (April 17, 2010). "STS-131: Discovery undocks – STORRM and TriDAR highlighted". NASAspaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/04/sts-131-discovery-undocking-storrm-tridar-highlighted/. 
  46. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #26". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-26.html. 
  47. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #28". http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-28.html. 
  48. ↑ "STS-131 MCC Status Report #30". http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/news/STS-131-30.html. 
  49. ↑ William Harwood (April 20, 2010). "Shuttle Discovery safely returns to Florida spaceport". Spaceflightnow. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts131/100420fd16/index.html. 
  50. ↑ Chris Bergin and Philip Sloss (April 20, 2010). "STS-131: Discovery returns home for perfect landing at KSC". NASAspaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/04/live-discovery-return-via-five-opportunities/. 
  51. ↑ NASA. "STS-131 Mission Summary (PDF)". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/435319main_STS131%20mission%20summary.pdf. 
  52. ↑ NASA. "STS-131 Mission Information". http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/index.html. 
  53. ↑ "Chronology of Wakeup Calls". NASA. August 2, 2005. https://history.nasa.gov/wakeup.htm. 
  54. ↑ "STS-131 Wakeup Calls". NASA. http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-131/html/ndxpage1.html. 

External links



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