List of quantum processors

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This list contains quantum processors, also known as quantum processing units (QPUs). Some devices listed below have only been announced at press conferences so far, with no actual demonstrations or scientific publications characterizing the performance.

Quantum processors are difficult to compare due to the different architectures and approaches. Due to this, published physical qubit numbers do not reflect the performance levels of the processor. This is instead achieved through the number of logical qubits or benchmarking metrics such as quantum volume, randomized benchmarking or circuit layer operations per second (CLOPS).[1]

Circuit-based quantum processors

These QPUs are based on the quantum circuit and quantum logic gate-based model of computing.

Annealing quantum processors

These QPUs are based on quantum annealing, not to be confused with digital annealing.[72]

Manufacturer Name/Codename

/Designation

Architecture Layout Fidelity (%) Qubits Release date
D-Wave D-Wave One (Rainier) Superconducting C4 = Chimera(4,4,4)[73] = 4×4 K4,4 N/A 128 May 11, 2011
D-Wave D-Wave Two Superconducting C8 = Chimera(8,8,4)[73] = 8×8 K4,4 N/A 512 2013
D-Wave D-Wave 2X Superconducting C12 = Chimera(12,12,4)[73] = 12×12 K4,4 N/A 1152 2015
D-Wave D-Wave 2000Q Superconducting C16 = Chimera(16,16,4)[73] = 16×16 K4,4 N/A 2000[74] 2017
D-Wave D-Wave Advantage Superconducting Pegasus P16[75] N/A 5000[76][74] 2020
D-Wave D-Wave Advantage 2[77][78][79][80][81] Superconducting[77][78] Zephyr Z15[80][82] N/A 4400[81][83] 2025[77][78][79][80][82]

Analog quantum processors

These QPUs are based on analog Hamiltonian simulation.

Manufacturer Name/Codename/Designation Architecture Layout Fidelity (%) Qubits Release date
QuEra Aquila Neutral atoms N/A N/A 256[84] November 2022

See also

References

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