Astronomy:SN 2025pht

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Short description: Core-collapse supernova in spiral galaxy NGC 1637
SN 2025pht
File:300px
SN 2025pht progenitor (red star) within NGC 1637 imaged by Hubble and James Webb
Other designationsSN 2025pht, ASASSN-25cw, ATLAS25qmv, GOTO24ker, ZTF25abjlnnh, BGEM J044128.86-025155.6[1][2]
Event typeSupernova
Spectral classII-P
Date29 June 2025, 14:47:29[2]
InstrumentASAS-SN
ConstellationEridanus
Right ascension 04h 41m 28.93s[3]
Declination−02° 51′ 56.2″[3]
EpochJ2000
Distance31.9 ± 5.9 Mly (9.8 ± 1.8 Mpc)[4]
Redshift0.002392[5]
HostNGC 1637
ProgenitorRed Supergiant
Peak apparent magnitude+13.3[2]
Preceded bySN 2025qbl[6]
Followed bySN 2025pic[7]
[edit on Wikidata]

SN 2025pht (also known as ASASSN-25cw), was a Type II-P supernova that occurred in galaxy NGC 1637, a spiral galaxy located approximately 31.9 million light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus.[8] Discovered on 29 June 2025 by the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN), it reached a peak apparent magnitude of approximately +13.3 in the g-Sloan filter and was one of the brighter supernovae observed in 2025.[2][9]

Observation

Pre-explosion imaging of the site of SN 2025pht, combined with precise astrometric alignment Hubble Space Telescope observations from 31 July 2025, identified a single credible progenitor candidate.[8] This source was detected in multiple epochs of HST imaging (including images from as early as 1994) and in JWST NIRCam and MIRI imaging from 2024, covering wavelengths from 0.8 μm to 8.7 μm.[8] It represents the first JWST detection of a supernova progenitor and the longest-wavelength detection of such a star to date.[10]

Comparison of spectrum of SN 2004et and SN 2025pht

Spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling indicates the progenitor was a red supergiant (RSG) consistent with a Type II supernova progenitor.[8] The star was heavily reddened by circumstellar dust, among the highest observed for such progenitors.[8] Notably, the dust appears to be carbon-rich (graphite-rich) rather than silicate-rich, suggesting late-stage mass-loss episodes that dredged up carbon from the star's interior shortly before explosion.[8][11] The progenitor was not prominently visible in optical HST images due to this dust but was clearly detected in infrared by JWST.[10]

Comparisons have been made to other events like SN 2023ixf and SN 2004et, with SN 2025pht's progenitor. SN 2025pht was found to be potentially among the most luminous and dustiest identified[10] and SN 2025pht's spectrum closely matches the spectrum of SN 2004et.[8]

References

  1. ↑ "SN 2025pht". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=SN+2025pht. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "2025pht | Transient Name Server". https://www.wis-tns.org/object/2025pht. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "SN 2025pht in NGC 1637 - NASA Science" (in en-US). 2026-02-23. https://science.nasa.gov/asset/webb/sn-2025pht-in-ngc-1637/. 
  4. ↑ Crowther, Paul A. (2013-01-21). "On the association between core-collapse supernovae and H ii regions" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 428 (3): 1927–1943. doi:10.1093/mnras/sts145. ISSN 1365-2966. Bibcode: 2013MNRAS.428.1927C. 
  5. ↑ Pérez-Fournon, I.; Elías-Rosa, N.; Poidevin, F.; Aguado, D.; López-Oramas, A.; Nespral, D. (2025). "SN 2025pht in NGC 1637: LCO position and identification of the progenitor star candidate in HST and JWST image" (in en). Transient Name Server AstroNote 216: 1. Bibcode: 2025TNSAN.216....1P. 
  6. ↑ "2025qbl | Transient Name Server". https://www.wis-tns.org/object/2025qbl. 
  7. ↑ "2025pic | Transient Name Server". https://www.wis-tns.org/object/2025pic. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Kilpatrick, Charles D.; Suresh, Aswin; Davis, Kyle W.; Drout, Maria R.; Foley, Ryan J.; Gagliano, Alexander; Jacobson-Galán, Wynn V.; Kaur, Ravjit et al. (2025-10-10). "The Type II SN 2025pht in NGC 1637: A Red Supergiant with Carbon-rich Circumstellar Dust as the First JWST Detection of a Supernova Progenitor Star". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 992 (1): L10. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae04de. ISSN 2041-8205. Bibcode: 2025ApJ...992L..10K. 
  9. ↑ "AstroNote 2025-216". Transient Name Server. 16 July 2025. https://www.wis-tns.org/astronotes/astronote/2025-216. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "NASA's Webb Telescope Locates Former Star That Exploded as Supernova - NASA Science" (in en-US). 2026-02-23. https://science.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-telescope-locates-former-star-that-exploded-as-supernova/. 
  11. ↑ Gough, Evan (2026-02-24). "This Supernova Progenitor Hid Behind a Surprisingly Thick Veil of Carbon Dust" (in en). https://www.universetoday.com/articles/this-supernova-progenitor-hid-behind-a-surprisingly-thick-veil-of-carbon-dust. 



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