Social:Ili Turki language
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Short description: Endangered Karluk Turkic language
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| Ili Turki | |
|---|---|
| İlı turkeşi И̇лı туркес̧и ي̇لي تۋركەسي | |
| Native to | Xinjiang, China; Kazakhstan |
| Ethnicity | Ili Turks |
Native speakers | 30 families (2007, China)e25 moribund in Kazakhstan |
Turkic
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| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ili |
| Glottolog | ilit1241[1] |
 Ili Turki is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. | |
Ili Turki is an endangered[2] Turkic language spoken primarily in China, of the Karluk branch of Turkic. In 2007, it was reported that there were around 30 families using it in China. Speakers are shifting to Kazakh or Uyghur.
Geographic distribution
Ili Turki is spoken in China's Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture along the Ili River and its tributaries and in Yining. There may be some speakers in Kazakhstan. Ili Turki has no official status in either country.
Classification
Ili Turki appears to belong to the Karluk group of Turkic languages, although it exhibits a number of features that suggest a Kipchak substratum.[3][4]
A comparison of Ili Turki's Karluk and Kipchak features is shown below:
| Kazakh (Kipchak) | Ili Turki | Uzbek (Karluk) | English | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *G > w after low vowels | taw | taw | tɒɣ | mountain |
| Genitive assimilation | tyje+niŋ / et+tiŋ | tʉjæ+nin / et+tin | tʉjæ+niŋ / et+niŋ | of the camel / of the meat |
| *G > w > Ø after high vowels | sarɨ | sarɨq | sarɨq | yellow |
| Loss of geminate consonants | seɡiz | sekkiz | sækkiz | eight |
Phonology
Consonants
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k | q | |
| voiced | b | d | dʒ | ɡ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | ʃ | χ | h | ||
| voiced | z | ʁ | |||||
| Tap | ɾ | ||||||
| Approximant | l | j | w | ||||
Vowels
| Front | Central/Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | ||
| Close | i | ɨ | ʉ |
| Mid | e | ɵ | |
| Open | æ | ɑ | |
Vocabulary
| No. | Ili Turki |
|---|---|
| 1 | bir |
| 2 | ekki |
| 3 | ʉtʃ |
| 4 | tɵrt |
| 5 | beʃ |
| 6 | altə |
| 7 | jetti |
| 8 | sekkiz |
| 9 | tɵqqʉz |
| 10 | ɵn |
See also
References
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Ili Turki". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/ilit1241.
- ↑ Moseley, Christopher, ed (2007). Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages. London: Routledge.
- ↑ Zhào, Xiāngrú; Hahn, Reinhard F. (1989). "The Ili Turk People and Their Language". Central Asiatic Journal 33 (3/4): 261–285.
- ↑ Hahn, Reinhard F. (1991). "An Annotated Sample of Ili Turki". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 45 (1): 31–53.
External links
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Ili Turki language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator |
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