Astronomy:NGC 4328

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NGC 4328
SDSS image of NGC 4328.
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationComa Berenices
Right ascension 12h 23m 20.0s[1]
Declination15° 49′ 13″[1]
Redshift0.001616[1]
Helio radial velocity484 km/s[1]
Distance48.4 Mly (14.84 Mpc)[2]
Group or clusterVirgo Cluster (A subgroup)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)14.3[1]
Characteristics
TypedE1 N,[4]SA0-[1]
Mass2.7×109 (Stellar mass)/5.6×109 (Total Mass)[5] M☉
Size~32,000 ly (9.81 kpc) (estimated)[1]
Apparent size (V)1.22 × 0.98[1]
Other designations
PGC 040209, VCC 0634, MCG +03-32-019[1]

NGC 4328 is a nucleated dwarf elliptical[6][4][7] or lenticular galaxy[8][9] located about 48 million light-years away based on observations by the Hubble Space Telescope using the TRGB distance indicator.[2] NGC 4328 was discovered on March 21, 1784 by astronomer William Herschel[10] and is a member of the Virgo Cluster[3][11] in the "A'' subgroup.[3] On the sky, NGC 4328 is located in the constellation Coma Berenices.[10]

NGC 4328 is a companion of Messier 100, along with NGC 4323 and lies 78,000 light-years (24 kiloparsecs) from Messier 100.[12][13] A possible passage of NGC 4328 close to Messier 100, may explain the lopsidedness in the southwestern portion of Messier 100. However, there are no strong signs of interactions in the H I distribution of Messier 100 which may be due to an interaction between the two galaxies. Despite this, rescent observations are too shallow to detect tidal streams in the H I distribution of Messier 100 caused by a possible interaction between the two galaxies.[14]

NGC 4328 is host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 6.1×106 solar masses.[15]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 4328. http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Anand, Gagandeep S.; Lee, Janice C.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Leroy, Adam K.; Rosolowsky, Erik; Schinnerer, Eva; Larson, Kirsten; Kourkchi, Ehsan et al. (2021-03-01). "Distances to PHANGS galaxies: New tip of the red giant branch measurements and adopted distances". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 501 (3): 3621–3639. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3668. ISSN 0035-8711. Bibcode: 2021MNRAS.501.3621A. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Boselli, A.; Gavazzi, G. (April 2002). "H α surface photometry of galaxies in the Virgo cluster: II. Observations with the OHP and Calar Alto 1.2 m telescopes". Astronomy & Astrophysics 386 (1): 124–133. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020215. ISSN 0004-6361. Bibcode: 2002A&A...386..124B. http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20020215. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Conselice, Christopher J.; Gallagher, John S., III; Wyse, Rosemary F. G. (2001-10-01). "Galaxy Populations and Evolution in Clusters. I. Dynamics and the Origin of Low-Mass Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal 559 (2): 791–811. doi:10.1086/322373. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2001ApJ...559..791C. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...559..791C. 
  5. ↑ Ivkovich, Nina; McCall, Marshall L. (2019-06-01). "Denuded dwarfs demystified: gas loss from dSph progenitors and implications for the minimum mass of galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 486 (2): 1964–1984. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz895. ISSN 0035-8711. Bibcode: 2019MNRAS.486.1964I. 
  6. ↑ Malin, D. (1992-01-01). "New colour images of dwarf galaxies.". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 10 (1): 84. ISSN 0066-9997. Bibcode: 1992PASA...10...84M. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992PASA...10...84M. 
  7. ↑ Chilingarian, Igor V. (2009-04-01). "Evolution of dwarf early-type galaxies - I. Spatially resolved stellar populations and internal kinematics of Virgo cluster dE/dS0 galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 394 (3): 1229–1248. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14450.x. ISSN 0035-8711. Bibcode: 2009MNRAS.394.1229C. 
  8. ↑ Buta, Ronald J.; Sheth, Kartik; Athanassoula, E.; Bosma, A.; Knapen, Johan H.; Laurikainen, Eija; Salo, Heikki; Elmegreen, Debra et al. (2015-04-24). "A CLASSICAL MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF GALAXIES IN THE SPITZER SURVEY OF STELLAR STRUCTURE IN GALAXIES (S 4 G)". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 217 (2): 32. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/32. ISSN 1538-4365. Bibcode: 2015ApJS..217...32B. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/32. 
  9. ↑ "Your NED Search Results". https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=NGC+4328&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4300 - 4349" (in en-US). http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc43.htm#4328. 
  11. ↑ "Detailed Object Classifications". https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/NEDatt?objname=NGC+4328. 
  12. ↑ Hernandez, Olivier; Wozniak, Herve; Carignan, Claude; Amram, Philippe; Chemin, Laurent; Daigle, Olivier (2005-10-10). "On the Relevance of the Tremaine-Weinberg Method Applied to an Hα Velocity Field: Pattern Speed Determination in M100 (NGC 4321)" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 632 (1): 253–265. doi:10.1086/431964. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2005ApJ...632..253H. 
  13. ↑ Urrejola-Mora, Catalina; Gómez, Facundo A.; Torres-Flores, Sergio; Amram, Philippe; Epinat, Benoît; Monachesi, Antonela; Marinacci, Federico; de Oliveira, Claudia Mendes (2022-08-01). "WiNDS: An H α Kinematics Survey of Nearby Spiral Galaxies—Vertical Perturbations in Nearby Disk-type Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal 935 (1): 20. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac78ec. ISSN 0004-637X. 
  14. ↑ Gim, Hansung B.; Borthakur, Sanchayeeta; Momjian, Emmanuel; Padave, Mansi; Jansen, Rolf A.; Nelson, Dylan; Heckman, Timothy M.; Kennicutt, Robert C., Jr. et al. (2021-11-01). "DIISC-I: The Discovery of Kinematically Anomalous H I Clouds in M 100". The Astrophysical Journal 922 (1): 69. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac2303. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2021ApJ...922...69G. 
  15. ↑ Arzoumanian, Zaven; Baker, Paul T.; Brazier, Adam; Brook, Paul R.; Burke-Spolaor, Sarah; Becsy, Bence; Charisi, Maria; Chatterjee, Shami et al. (2021-06-01). "The NANOGrav 11 yr Data Set: Limits on Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in Galaxies within 500 Mpc". The Astrophysical Journal 914 (2): 121. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abfcd3. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2021ApJ...914..121A. 



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