Astronomy:NGC 4216

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NGC 4216
NGC 4216 (center) imaged with a 24-inch telescope. The other two galaxies in the image are NGC 4206 (lower-right) and NGC 4222 (upper-left).
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationVirgo
Right ascension 12h 15m 54.3728s[1]
Declination+13° 08′ 58.08″[1]
Redshift0.000437[1]
Distance55 Mly[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)11.0[1]
Characteristics
TypeSAB(s)b[1]
Size162,700 ly (49.90 kpc) (estimated)[1]
Apparent size (V)8.1′ × 1.8′[1]
Other designations
VCC 167, HOLM 353A, IRAS 12133+1325, UGC 7284, MCG+02-31-072, PGC 39246[1]

NGC 4216 is a metal-rich[2] intermediate spiral galaxy located not far from the center of the Virgo Cluster[2] of galaxies, roughly 55 million light-years away.[2] It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 17 April 1784.[3]

Physical characteristics

Seen nearly edge-on, NGC 4216 is one of the largest and brightest spiral galaxies of the Virgo Cluster, with an absolute magnitude that has been estimated to be −22 (i.e.: brighter than the Andromeda Galaxy),[4] and like most spiral galaxies of this cluster shows a deficiency of neutral hydrogen that is concentrated within the galaxy's optical disk and has a low surface density for a galaxy of its type.[5] This explains why NGC 4216 is considered an anemic galaxy by some authors, also with a low star formation activity for a galaxy of its type.[6] In fact, the galaxy's disk shows pillar-like structures that may have been caused by interactions with the intracluster medium of Virgo and/or with nearby galaxies.[7]

In NGC 4216's halo, besides a rich system of globular clusters estimated to number around 700 (nearly five times more than the Milky Way),[4] two stellar streams that are interpreted as two satellite galaxies being disrupted and absorbed by this galaxy are present.[7]

NGC 4216 with SN 2024gy

NGC 4216 seems to be in a place of the Virgo cluster where dwarf galaxies are being destroyed/accreted at a high rate, with it suffering many interactions with these types of galaxies.[8]

One supernova has been observed in NGC 4216: SN 2024gy (type Ia, mag. 16.3) was discovered by Kōichi Itagaki on 4 January 2024.[9]

NGC 4216, along with NGC 4206, NGC 4222, and IC 771, are listed together as Holm 353 in Erik Holmberg's A Study of Double and Multiple Galaxies Together with Inquiries into some General Metagalactic Problems, published in 1937.[10]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "Results for object NGC 4216". https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/byname?objname=NGC+4216. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 O'Meara, Stephen James (2007). Deep-Sky Companions: Hidden Treasures. Cambridge University Press. pp. 299–302. ISBN 9780521837040. https://books.google.com/books?id=a6VY0Q1zsJoC&pg=PA300. 
  3. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue Objects: NGC 4216". https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc42.htm#4216. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Globular Cluster Systems in Galaxies Beyond the Local Grup.". NASA-IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED). http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Harris/Harris2.html#Table%201. 
  5. ↑ Chung, A.; Van Gorkom, J.H.; Kenney, J.F.P.; Crowl, Hugh; Vollmer, B. (2009). "VLA Imaging of Virgo Spirals in Atomic Gas (VIVA). I. The Atlas and the H I Properties". The Astronomical Journal 138 (6): 1741–1816. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1741. Bibcode: 2009AJ....138.1741C. 
  6. ↑ Vollmer, B.; Soida, M.; Beck, R.; Chung, A.; Urbanik, M.; Chyży, K. T.; Otmianowska-Mazur, K.; Kenney, J. D. P. (2013). "Large-scale radio continuum properties of 19 Virgo cluster galaxies. The influence of tidal interactions, ram pressure stripping, and accreting gas envelopes". Astronomy & Astrophysics 553: 1741–1816. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321163. A116. Bibcode: 2013A&A...553A.116V. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Stellar Tidal Streams in Spiral Galaxies of the Local Volume". http://www.cosmotography.com/images/stellar_stream_survey_science_highlights.html. 
  8. ↑ Paudel, Sanjaya; Duc, Pierre-Alain; Côté, Patrick; Cuillandre, Jean-Charles et al. (2013). "The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. IV. NGC 4216: A Bombarded Spiral in the Virgo Cluster". Astrophysical Journal 767 (2): 133. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/767/2/133. 133. Bibcode: 2013ApJ...767..133P. 
  9. ↑ "SN 2024gy". IAU. https://www.wis-tns.org/object/2024gy. 
  10. ↑ Holmberg, Erik (1937). "A Study of Double and Multiple Galaxies Together with Inquiries into some General Metagalactic Problems". Annals of the Observatory of Lund 6: 1. Bibcode: 1937AnLun...6....1H. 



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