Chemistry:Pirtobrutinib

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Short description: Chemical compound
Pirtobrutinib
Pirtobrutinib.svg
Clinical data
Trade namesJaypirca
Other namesLOXO-305
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa623012
License data
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classProtein kinase inhibitor
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC22H21F4N5O3
Molar mass479.436 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)

Pirtobrutinib, sold under the brand name Jaypirca, is an anticancer medication that is used to treat mantle cell lymphoma.[1][2][4] It inhibits B cell lymphocyte proliferation and survival by binding and inhibiting Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK).[5] It is taken by mouth.[1]

The most common adverse reactions include fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, edema, dyspnea, pneumonia, and bruising.[4] The most common adverse reactions when used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic leukemia include fatigue, bruising, cough, musculoskeletal pain, COVID-19, diarrhea, pneumonia, abdominal pain, dyspnea, hemorrhage, edema, nausea, pyrexia, and headache.[6]

Pirtobrutinib was approved for medical use in the United States in January 2023,[4][7][8][9] and in the European Union in November 2023.[2]

Medical uses

In the US, pirtobrutinib is indicated to treat relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma after at least two lines of systemic therapy, including a Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor.[1][10] In December 2023, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) expanded the indication for pirtobrutinib to include the treatment of adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic leukemia.[6][11]

In the EU, pirtobrutinib is indicated for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma.[2]

Mechanism of action

B cells are white cells of the lymphocyte subtype that produce antibodies, but when some of them grow uncontrollably they can be a cause of cancer. A key enzyme in B cell stimulation and survival is BTK, and pirtobrutinib inhibits BTK in a way that is different from the prototypical BTK inhibitor ibrutinib by binding in a different way that avoids a genetic change (mutation at active site cysteine residue C481 in BTK) that can make some tumors less responsive to ibrutinib.[5]

History

Pirtobrutinib is manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in January 2023, for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma that has become refractory to other BTK inhibitors.[12]

Efficacy was evaluated in BRUIN (NCT03740529), an open-label, multicenter, single-arm trial of pirtobrutinib monotherapy that included 120 participants with MCL previously treated with a Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor.[4] Participants had a median of three prior lines of therapy, with 93% having two or more prior lines.[4] The most common prior BTK inhibitors received were ibrutinib (67%), acalabrutinib (30%), and zanubrutinib (8%); 83% had discontinued their last BTK inhibitor due to refractory or progressive disease.[4]

Efficacy was evaluated in BRUIN (NCT03740529], an open-label, international, single-arm, multicohort trial that included 108 participants with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma previously treated with at least two prior lines of therapy, including a Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor and a B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitor.[6] Participants received a median of five prior lines of therapy (range: 2 to 11).[6] Seventy-seven percent of participants discontinued the last BTK inhibitor for refractory or progressive disease.[6] Pirtobrutinib was administered orally at 200 mg once daily and was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.[6]

Society and culture

Legal status

In April 2023, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a conditional marketing authorization for the medicinal product Jaypirca, intended for the treatment of relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).[13] The applicant for this medicinal product is Eli Lilly Nederland B.V.[13] Pirtobrutinib was approved for medical use in the European Union in November 2023.[2]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Jaypirca- pirtobrutinib tablet, coated". 27 January 2023. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=bd551845-0878-49a4-860f-839b83f6b801. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "Jaypirca EPAR". 20 November 2023. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/jaypirca. 
  3. ↑ "Jaypirca Product information". 31 October 2023. https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1738.htm. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "FDA grants accelerated approval to pirtobrutinib for relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma". FDA. 27 January 2023. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-grants-accelerated-approval-pirtobrutinib-relapsed-or-refractory-mantle-cell-lymphoma.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Pirtobrutinib inhibits wild-type and mutant Bruton's tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia". Blood Cancer Journal 12 (5): 80. May 2022. doi:10.1038/s41408-022-00675-9. PMID 35595730. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 "FDA grants accelerated approval to pirtobrutinib for chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma". 1 December 2023. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-grants-accelerated-approval-pirtobrutinib-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia-and-small-lymphocytic.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  7. ↑ "U.S. FDA Approves Jaypirca (pirtobrutinib), the First and Only Non-Covalent (Reversible) BTK Inhibitor, for Adult Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma After at Least Two Lines of Systemic Therapy, Including a BTK Inhibitor" (Press release). Eli Lilly. 27 January 2023. Archived from the original on 30 January 2023. Retrieved 31 January 2023 – via PR Newswire.
  8. ↑ "Pirtobrutinib: First Approval". Drugs 83 (6): 547–553. April 2023. doi:10.1007/s40265-023-01860-1. PMID 37004673. https://figshare.com/articles/online_resource/Pirtobrutinib_First_Approval/22229662. Retrieved 19 November 2023. 
  9. ↑ "FDA Approval Summary: Pirtobrutinib for Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma". Clinical Cancer Research 30 (1): OF1–OF6. August 2023. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-23-1272. PMID 37624619. 
  10. ↑ "Pirtobrutinib: First Non-covalent Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Treating Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma in Adults". Current Medicinal Chemistry 31. October 2023. doi:10.2174/0109298673251030231004052822. PMID 37818564. 
  11. ↑ "Jaypirca (pirtobrutinib) Now Approved by U.S. FDA for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia or Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma Who Have Received at Least Two Lines of Therapy, Including a BTK Inhibitor and a BCL-2 Inhibitor" (Press release). Eli Lilly. 1 December 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2023 – via PR Newswire.
  12. ↑ "FDA approves Eli Lilly's drug for rare blood cancer". Reuters. 27 January 2023. https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/fda-approves-eli-lillys-blood-cancer-drug-2023-01-27/. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Jaypirca: Pending EC decision". 26 April 2023. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/summaries-opinion/jaypirca.  Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.

Further reading

  • "Pirtobrutinib after a Covalent BTK Inhibitor in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia". The New England Journal of Medicine 389 (1): 33–44. July 2023. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2300696. PMID 37407001. 

External links



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