Chemistry:Plutonium nitride
From HandWiki
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
plutonium mononitride, azanylidyneplutonium, plutonium(III) nitride
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
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| Properties | |
| NPu | |
| Molar mass | 258 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Grey crystalline solid |
| Density | 14.2 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 2,589 °C (4,692 °F; 2,862 K) |
| insoluble | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Plutonium nitride is a binary inorganic compound of plutonium and nitrogen with the chemical formula PuN.[1][2]
Synthesis
Plutonium nitride can be prepared by the reaction of plutonium hydrides with nitrogen or ammonia at a temperature of 650 °C and a pressure of 0.3 kPa.[3]
Another method to prepare plutonium nitride is from the reduction of plutonium(III) iodide with sodium in liquid ammonia:
- PuI
3 + NH
3 + 3Na → PuN + 3NaI + 3/
2H
2
- PuI
Other reactions can also produce plutonium nitride:[4]
- Pu + 1/
2N
2 + 3/
2H
2 → PuN + 3/
2H
2 (at 1000°C) - PuCl
3 + 1/
2N
2 + 3/
2H
2 → PuN + 3HCl (at 800–900°C)
- Pu + 1/
Physical properties
Plutonium nitride forms grey crystals in the cubic system with Fm3m space group.[5][6] It can be dissolved electrochemically.[7]
Uses
Plutonium nitride can be used as fuel in nuclear reactors.[8][9]
References
- ↑ Kotel'nikov, R.B.; Bashlykov, S.N.; Kashtanov, A.I.; Men'shikova, T.S. (1978). Plutonium nitride and plutonium nitride base fuel materials. Nitrid plutoniya i toplivnye materialy na osnove nitrida plutoniya. Atomizdat. https://inis.iaea.org/search/searchsinglerecord.aspx?recordsFor=SingleRecord&RN=10436745. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑ Lai, Chao; Hu, Yin; Qiu, Ruizhi (2020). "Exploring the sub-stoichiometric behavior of plutonium mononitride" (in en). RSC Advances 10 (42): 24877–24881. doi:10.1039/D0RA00477D. PMID 35517460. Bibcode: 2020RSCAd..1024877L.
- ↑ Ahrland, S.; Bagnall, K. W.; Brown, D. (7 June 2016) (in en). The Chemistry of the Actinides: Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry. Elsevier. p. 343. ISBN 978-1-4831-5934-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=awRPDAAAQBAJ&dq=plutonium+nitride+PuN&pg=PA343. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑ Thomas, Charles Allen (1944) (in en). The Chemistry, Purification and Metallurgy of Plutonium. Office of Technical Information. p. 128. https://books.google.com/books?id=3uDM-mo8b2EC&dq=plutonium+nitride+PuN&pg=PA128. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑ "mp-1719: PuN (cubic, Fm-3m, 225)". Materials Project. https://legacy.materialsproject.org/materials/mp-1719/.
- ↑ "WebElements Periodic Table » Plutonium » plutonium nitride". winter.group.shef.ac.uk. https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/webelements/compounds/plutonium/plutonium_nitride.html.
- ↑ Shirai, O; Iwai, T; Shiozawa, K; Suzuki, Y; Sakamura, Y; Inoue, T (1 February 2000). "Electrolysis of plutonium nitride in LiCl–KCl eutectic melts". Journal of Nuclear Materials 277 (2): 226–230. doi:10.1016/S0022-3115(99)00194-4. ISSN 0022-3115. Bibcode: 2000JNuM..277..226S. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022311599001944. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑ Li, Ru-song; Tong, Ning-hua; Wang, Jin-tao; Xin, Du-qiang; Huang, Shi-qi (1 December 2018). "A first principle calculation on electronic properties of plutonium mononitride: Insights from dynamical mean field theory". Journal of Nuclear Materials 511: 277–283. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.09.023. ISSN 0022-3115. Bibcode: 2018JNuM..511..277L. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022311517315441. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑ Hettwer, Ursula (29 June 2013) (in en). Np, Pu... Transuranium Elements: INDEX. Alphabetical Index of Subjects and Substances. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 203. ISBN 978-3-662-05674-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=Lr7_CAAAQBAJ&dq=plutonium+nitride+PuN&pg=PA203. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
Salts and covalent derivatives of the nitride ion
| NH3 | He(N2)11 | ||||||||||||||||
| Li3N | Be3N2 | BN | β-C3N4 g-C3N4 |
N2 | NxOy | NF3 | Ne | ||||||||||
| Na3N | Mg3N2 | AlN | Si3N4 | PN P3N5 |
SxNy SN S4N4 |
NCl3 | Ar | ||||||||||
| K3N | Ca3N2 | ScN | TiN | VN | CrN Cr2N |
MnxNy | FexNy | CoN | Ni3N | CuN | Zn3N2 | GaN | Ge3N4 | As | Se | NBr3 | Kr |
| Rb3N | Sr3N2 | YN | ZrN | NbN | β-Mo2N | Tc | Ru | Rh | PdN | Ag3N | CdN | InN | Sn | Sb | Te | NI3 | Xe |
| Cs3N | Ba3N2 | Hf3N4 | TaN | WN | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg3N2 | TlN | Pb | BiN | Po | At | Rn | |
| Fr3N | Ra3N | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
| ↓ | |||||||||||||||||
| La | CeN | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | GdN | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Ac | Th | Pa | UN | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
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