Biology:Nitrospirota

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Short description: Phylum of bacteria

Nitrospirota
Scientific classification e
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Nitrospirota
Garrity & Holt 2021[1]
Classes & Orders
  • "Leptospirillia"
    • "Leptospirillales"
  • Nitrospiria
    • "Nitrospirales"
    • "Troglogloeales"
  • "Thermodesulfovibrionia"
    • "Thermodesulfovibrionales"
Synonyms
  • "Nitrospirae" Garrity and Holt 2001
  • "Nitrospiraeota" Oren et al. 2015
  • "Nitrospirota" Whitman et al. 2018

Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as Nitrospira, the largest. The first member of this phylum, Nitrospira marina, was discovered in 1985.[2] The second member, Nitrospira moscoviensis, was discovered in 1995.[3][4]

Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB[5]) and commamox bacteria Nitrospira inopinata discovered in 2015[6][7] and cultivated in 2017.[8]

Phylogeny

16S rRNA based LTP_08_2023[9][10][11] 120 single copy marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214[12][13][14]
Nitrospirota
"Leptospirillia"
"Leptospirillaceae"
 

L. ferriphilum

 
 

L. ferrooxidans

 
Leptospirillum
"Leptospirillales"
Thermodesulfovibrionia
Dissulfurispiraceae

Dissulfurispira thermophila

 
Thermodesulfovibrionaceae
 

T. hydrogeniphilus

 
 
 

T. aggregans

 
 
 

T. thiophilus

 
 
 

T. islandicus

 
 

T. yellowstonii

 
 
 
 
Thermodesulfovibrio
Thermodesulfovibrionales
 
"Leptospirillaeota"
"Leptospirillales"
"Leptospirillum"
 

L. ferrooxidans

 
 
 

"L. rubarum"

 
 

L. ferriphilum

 
 
 
"Leptospirillaceae"
"Leptospirillia"
Nitrospirota
"Thermodesulfovibrionia"
 
"Magnetobacteriaceae"
 

"Ca. Magnetobacterium casense"

 
 

"Ca. Magnetominusculus xianensis"

 
 
 
 
 
"Sulfobiaceae"

"Ca. Sulfobium mesophilum"

 
 
 
Dissulfurispiraceae

Dissulfurispira thermophila

 
Thermodesulfovibrionaceae
 

T. thiophilus

 
 
 

T. aggregans

 
 

T. yellowstonii

 
 
Thermodesulfovibrio
 
 
"Thermodesulfovibrionales"
"Nitrospiria"
"Troglogloeales"

"Ca. Manganitrophus noduliformans"

"Manganitrophaceae"
"Nitrospirales"
Nitrospira
 

"N. defluvii"

 
 
 

"N. japonica"

 
 
 

"N. lenta"

 
 
 

N. moscoviensis

 
 
 

"Ca. N. inopinata"

 
 
 

"Ca. N. kreftii"

 
 
 

"Ca. N. nitrosa"

 
 

"Ca. N. nitrificans"

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
"Nitrospiraceae"
 
 

Taxonomy

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)[15] and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[4]

  • Phylum "Nitrospirota" Garrity & Holt 2021
    • Genus "Candidatus Magnetocorallium" Zhao et al. 2023
      • Species "Ca. M. paracelense" Zhao et al. 2023
    • Genus "Candidatus Magnetomicrobium" Zhang et al. 2021
      • Species "Ca. M. cryptolimnococcus" Zhang et al. 2021
    • Genus "Candidatus Nitrobium" Arshad et al. 2017
      • Species "Ca. N. versatile" Arshad et al. 2017
    • Genus "Candidatus Thermomagnetovibrio" Lefèvre et al. 2010
      • Species "Ca. T. paiutensis" Lefèvre et al. 2010
    • Class "Leptospirillia"
      • Order "Leptospirillales"
        • Family "Leptospirillaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020
          • Genus Leptospirillum Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000
            • Species "L. ferrodiazotrophum" Tyson et al. 2005
            • Species L. ferriphilum Coram & Rawlings 2002
            • Species L. ferrooxidans Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000
            • Species "L. rubarum" Aliaga Goltsman et al. 2009
            • Species L. thermoferrooxidans Hippe 2000
    • Class Nitrospiria Oren et al. 2015
      • Order "Nitrospirales" Garrity & Holt 2001
        • Family "Nitrospiraceae" Garrity & Holt 2001
          • Genus "Candidatus Nitronereus" Mueller et al. 2023
            • Species "Ca. N. thalassa" Mueller et al. 2023
          • Genus "Candidatus Porinitrospira" Taylor et al. 2022
            • Species "Ca. P. cymbastela" Taylor et al. 2022
          • Genus Nitrospira Watson et al. 1986
            • Species "Ca. N. alkalitolerans" Daebeler et al. 2020
            • Species "Ca. N. bockiana" Lebedeva et al. 2008
            • Species N. calida Lebedeva et al. 2011
            • Species N. defluvii Nowka et al. 2015
            • Species "Ca. N. inopinata" Daims et al. 2015
            • Species N. japonica Ushiki et al. 2013
            • Species "Ca. N. kreftii" Sakoula et al. 2021
            • Species N. lenta Nowka et al. 2015
            • Species N. marina Watson et al. 1986 (type sp.)
            • Species N. moscoviensis Ehrich et al. 1995
            • Species "Ca. N. nitrificans" van Kessel et al. 2015
            • Species "Ca. N. nitrosa" van Kessel et al. 2015
            • Species "Ca. N. salsa" Haaijer et al. 2013
      • Order "Troglogloeales" Yu et al. 2022
        • Genus "Candidatus Troglogloea" corrig. Kostanjsek et al. 2013
          • Species "Ca. T. absolonii" corrig. Kostanjsek et al. 2013
        • Family "Manganitrophaceae" Yu et al. 2022
          • Genus "Candidatus Manganitrophus" Yu & Leadbetter 2020
            • Species "Ca. M. morganii" Yu et al. 2022
            • Species "Ca. M. noduliformans" Yu & Leadbetter 2020
    • Class Thermodesulfovibrionia Umezawa et al. 2021
      • Order "Mariimomonadales" Yoon et al. 2023
        • Family "Mariimomonadaceae" Yoon et al. 2023
          • Genus "Ca. Mariimomonas Yoon et al. 2023
            • Species "Ca. M. ferrooxydans" Yoon et al. 2023
      • Order "Thermodesulfovibrionales" Umezawa et al. 2021
        • Family Dissulfurispiraceae Umezawa et al. 2021
          • Genus Dissulfurispira Umezawa et al. 2021
            • Species D. thermophila Umezawa et al. 2021
        • Family Thermodesulfovibrionaceae Umezawa et al. 2021
          • Genus "Candidatus Magnetobacterium" Spring et al. 1993
            • Species "Ca. M. bavaricum" Spring et al. 1993
            • Species "Ca. M. casense" corrig. Lin et al. 2014
          • Genus "Candidatus Magnetominusculus" Lin et al. 2017
            • Species "Ca. M. xianensis" Lin et al. 2017
          • Genus "Candidatus Magnetovum" corrig. Lefevre et al. 2011
            • Species "Ca. M. chiemensis" Kolinko 2014
            • Species "Ca. M. mohavensis" Lefevre et al. 2011
          • Genus "Candidatus Sulfobium" Zecchin et al. 2018
            • Species "Ca. S. mesophilum" Zecchin et al. 2018
          • Genus Thermodesulfovibrio Henry et al. 1994 emend. Sekiguchi et al. 2008
            • Species T. aggregans Sekiguchi et al. 2008
            • Species T. hydrogeniphilus Haouari et al. 2009
            • Species T. islandicus Sonne-Hansen and Ahring 2000
            • Species T. thiophilus Sekiguchi et al. 2008
            • Species T. yellowstonii Henry et al. 1994 (type sp.)

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 71 (10): 5056. 2021. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056. PMID 34694987. 
  2. ↑ "Nitrospira marina gen. nov. sp. nov.: a chemolithotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium.". Arch Microbiol 144 (1): 1–7. 1986. doi:10.1007/BF00454947. 
  3. ↑ "A new obligately chemolithoautotrophic, nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrospira moscoviensis sp. nov. and its phylogenetic relationship". Archives of Microbiology 164 (1): 16–23. July 1995. doi:10.1007/BF02568729. PMID 7646315. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sayers. "Nitrospirae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&id=40117&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock. 
  5. ↑ "In situ characterization of Nitrospira-like nitrite-oxidizing bacteria active in wastewater treatment plants". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67 (11): 5273–84. November 2001. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.11.5273-5284.2001. PMID 11679356. Bibcode: 2001ApEnM..67.5273D. 
  6. ↑ "Complete nitrification by Nitrospira bacteria". Nature 528 (7583): 504–9. December 2015. doi:10.1038/nature16461. PMID 26610024. Bibcode: 2015Natur.528..504D. 
  7. ↑ "Complete nitrification by a single microorganism". Nature 528 (7583): 555–9. December 2015. doi:10.1038/nature16459. PMID 26610025. Bibcode: 2015Natur.528..555V. 
  8. ↑ "Kinetic analysis of a complete nitrifier reveals an oligotrophic lifestyle". Nature 549 (7671): 269–272. September 2017. doi:10.1038/nature23679. PMID 28847001. Bibcode: 2017Natur.549..269K. 
  9. ↑ "The LTP". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP. 
  10. ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_08_2023.ntree. 
  11. ↑ "LTP_08_2023 Release Notes". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_08_2023_release_notes.pdf. 
  12. ↑ "GTDB release 08-RS214". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C. 
  13. ↑ "bac120_r214.sp_label". https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release214/214.0/auxillary_files/bac120_r214.sp_labels.tree. 
  14. ↑ "Taxon History". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/. 
  15. ↑ ""Nitrospirae"". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). https://lpsn.dsmz.de/phylum/nitrospirae. 

Further reading

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q20751938 entry



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