Chemistry:Cadmium acetate

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Cadmium acetate
Cadmium acetate.png
Names
IUPAC name
Cadmium acetate
Other names
Cadmium diacetate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
EC Number
  • 208-853-2
RTECS number
  • AF7505000
UNII
UN number 2570
Properties
Cd(CH3COO)2 (anhydrous)
Cd(CH3COO)2·2H2O (dihydrate)
Molar mass 230.500 g/mol (anhydrous)
266.529 g/mol (dihydrate)
Appearance colorless crystals (anhydrous)
white crystals (dihydrate)
Odor acetic acid
Density 2.341 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.01 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
Melting point 255 °C (491 °F; 528 K) (anhydrous) dihydrate decomposes at 130°C [1]
soluble (anhydrous), very soluble (dihydrate)
Solubility soluble in methanol, ethanol (anhydrous)
soluble in ethanol (dihydrate)
-83.7·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
monoclinic
Hazards
GHS pictograms GHS07: HarmfulGHS09: Environmental hazardGHS06: Toxic
GHS Signal word Warning
H302, H312, H332, H410
P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+312, P302+352, P304+312, P304+340, P312, P322, P330, P363, P391, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilHealth code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
1
3
0
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
[1910.1027] TWA 0.005 mg/m3 (as Cd)[2]
REL (Recommended)
Ca[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
Ca [9 mg/m3 (as Cd)][2]
Related compounds
Other anions
Cadmium fluoride
Cadmium chloride
Cadmium bromide
Cadmium iodide
Other cations
Zinc acetate
Mercury(II) acetate
Silver acetate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Cadmium acetate is the chemical compound with the formula Cd(O
2
CCH
3
)
2
(H
2
O)
2
. The compound is marketed both as the anhydrous form and as a dihydrate, both of which are white or colorless. Only the dihydrate has been verified by X-ray crystallography.

Preparation, reactions, and uses

It forms by treating cadmium oxide with acetic acid:[3][4]

CdO + 2 CH
3
CO
2
H + H
2
O → Cd(O
2
CCH
3
)
2
(H
2
O)
2

It can also be prepared by treating cadmium nitrate with acetic anhydride.[5]

Cadmium acetate has few applications. By reaction with trioctylphosphine selenide, it has often been used as a precursor to cadmium selenide and related semiconductors.[6]

Structure of the dihydrate

Fragment of the structure of cadmium diacetate dihydrate. Legend: red = O, black = C, blue = Cd.

Unlike the coordination geometry of zinc in zinc diacetate dihydrate, cadmium is seven coordinate in Cd(O
2
CCH
3
)
2
(H
2
O)
2
.[7] It is a coordination polymer, featuring acetate ligands interconnecting cadmium centers.

Safety

Cadmium compounds are considered Group 1 carcinogens by the IARC.

References

  1. Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 447. ISBN 0-8493-0594-2. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0087". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0087.html. 
  3. Gangolli, S. (1999). The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects. London: Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 12–13. ISBN 9780854048137. https://books.google.com/books?id=s4YittJrOsAC&dq=%22Cadmium+acetate%22&pg=PA12. Retrieved 2009-03-29. 
  4. Patnaik, Pradyot (2003). Handbook of Inorganic Chemical Compounds. McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 143–144. ISBN 0-07-049439-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=Xqj-TTzkvTEC&dq=%22Cobalt+hydroxide%22+OR+%22Cobalt(II)+hydroxide%22&pg=PA243. Retrieved 2009-03-29. 
  5. F. Wagenknecht; R. Juza (1963). "Cadmium acetate". in G. Brauer. Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed.. 2. NY, NY: Academic Press. pp. 1105. 
  6. García-Rodríguez, Raúl; Hendricks, Mark P.; Cossairt, Brandi M.; Liu, Haitao; Owen, Jonathan S. (2013). "Conversion Reactions of Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanocrystal Precursors". Chemistry of Materials 25 (8): 1233–1249. doi:10.1021/cm3035642. 
  7. Harrison, W.; Trotter, J. (1972). "Crystal and molecular structure of cadmium diacetate dihydrate". Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions (8–9): 956. doi:10.1039/dt9720000956.