Chemistry:Relatlimab

From HandWiki

Relatlimab is a monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of melanoma.[1][2] It is used in combination with nivolumab to treat melanoma.[3][4]

Relatlimab is a Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) inhibitor.[3][4] It is under development by Bristol-Myers Squibb.[3][4] It is made using Chinese hamster ovary cells.[3]

History

In 2004, Drew Pardoll and colleagues discovered that the lymphocyte-activation gene 3, or LAG-3, was a new immune checkpoint.[5][6] Checkpoints inhibitors are proteins that stop the immune system from responding to cancer cells. Checkpoint inhibitor drugs block these proteins, unleashing the immune system to battle the cancer.[7]

As stated in the official John Hopkins Technological Ventures Press:[5]

  • 2004: Drew Pardoll discovers that LAG-3 is a new immune checkpoint.[8]
  • 2010: Pardoll and his research team begin a study to see how relatlimab, a LAG-3 blocking drug, treats cancer in mice.[9]
  • 2012: Findings from the study are published showing that a combination of a LAG-3 blocker and PD-1 blocker is an effective cancer treatment.[7]
  • 2016: The Join effort including Drew Pardoll, Shirley Liu, Cliff Meyer and Eduardo Gusmao has led to significant advances on the effectiveness as LAG-3 + PD-1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy.[10]
  • 2018: The RELATIVITY-047 trial begins enrolling patients and randomly assigning them to receive relatlimab with nivolumab or nivolumab alone.[11]
  • January 2022: Results from the RELATIVITY-047 trial published in The New England Journal of Medicine show the combination treatment with relatlimab to be a more effective treatment than nivolumab alone.[12]
  • March 2022: The FDA gives approval for the combination treatment (relatlimab and nivolumab, marketed as Opdualag) as a new therapy for patients with metastatic or inoperable melanoma.[13]

The combination nivolumab/relatlimab (Opdualag) was approved for medical use in the United States in March 2022.[3][4]

Names

Relatlimab is the United States Adopted Name (USAN) and the international nonproprietary name (INN).[14][15][16]

References

  1. ↑ Translational Medicine: Optimizing Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Biopharmaceuticals. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. 2021. ISBN 978-1-00-047185-4. 
  2. ↑ "LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade raises the bar for melanoma.". Nature Cancer 2 (12): 1251–3. December 2021. doi:10.1038/s43018-021-00276-8. PMID 35121906. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Opdualag- nivolumab and relatlimab-rmbw injection". 18 March 2022. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=b22c9d83-3256-4e17-85f7-f331a504adc6. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approves First LAG-3-Blocking Antibody Combination, Opdualag (nivolumab and relatlimab-rmbw), as Treatment for Patients with Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma" (Press release). Bristol Myers Squibb. 18 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022 – via Business Wire.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Johns Hopkins Technology Ventures (December 2024). "10 Innovations in 10 Years: Relatlimab". John Hopkins Technological Ventures. https://ventures.jhu.edu/news/10-innovations-in-10-years-relatlimab/. Retrieved 23 January 2026. 
  6. ↑ "Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3): The next immune checkpoint receptor". Seminars in Immunology 42. April 2019. doi:10.1016/j.smim.2019.101305. PMID 31604537. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy". Nature Reviews. Cancer 12 (4): 252–264. March 2012. doi:10.1038/nrc3239. PMID 22437870. 
  8. ↑ "Role of LAG-3 in regulatory T cells". Immunity 21 (4): 503–513. October 2004. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2004.08.010. PMID 15485628. 
  9. ↑ "Phase I study of single-agent anti–programmed death-1 (MDX-1106) in refractory solid tumors: safety, clinical activity, pharmacodynamics, and immunologic correlates". Journal of Clinical Oncology 28 (19): 3167–3175. 2010. doi:10.1200/JCO.2009.26.7609. PMID 20516446. 
  10. ↑ "Analysis of computational footprinting methods for DNase sequencing experiments". Nature Methods 13 (4): 303–309. April 2016. doi:10.1038/nmeth.3772. PMID 26901649. 
  11. ↑ "Neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in resectable lung cancer". New England Journal of Medicine 378 (21): 1976–1986. 2018. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1716078. PMID 29658848. 
  12. ↑ "Relatlimab and nivolumab versus nivolumab in untreated advanced melanoma". New England Journal of Medicine 386 (1): 24–34. 2022. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2109970. PMID 34986285. 
  13. ↑ "Nivolumab plus relatlimab: first approval". Drugs 82 (8): 925–931. May 2022. doi:10.1007/s40265-022-01723-1. PMID 35543970. https://figshare.com/articles/online_resource/Nivolumab_Plus_Relatlimab_First_Approval/19624245. 
  14. ↑ "Relatlimab". https://searchusan.ama-assn.org/finder/usan/search/RELATLIMAB/relevant/1/. 
  15. ↑ Statement On A Nonproprietary Name Adopted By The USAN Council - Relatlimab , American Medical Association.
  16. ↑ "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN): recommended INN: list 81". WHO Drug Information 33 (1). 2019. 



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