Chemistry:Tucatinib

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Short description: Chemical compound
Tucatinib
Tucatinib.svg
Clinical data
Pronunciation/tuˈkætɪnɪb/
too-KAT-in-ib
Trade namesTukysa
Other namesONT-380, ARRY-380
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa620032
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC26H24N8O2
Molar mass480.532 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)

Tucatinib, sold under the brand name Tukysa, is an anticancer medication used for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer.[3][4] It is a small molecule inhibitor of HER2.[6][7] It was developed by Array BioPharma and licensed to Cascadian Therapeutics (formerly Oncothyreon, subsequently part of Seattle Genetics).[8]

Common side effects include diarrhea, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (burning or tingling discomfort in the hands and feet), nausea, fatigue, hepatotoxicity (liver damage), vomiting, stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth and lips), decreased appetite, abdominal pain, headache, anemia and rash.[9][10] Tucatinib may cause harm to a developing fetus or baby.[9]

Tucatinib was approved for medical use in the United States in April 2020,[9][10][11] in Australia in August 2020,[1] and in the European Union in February 2021.[4]

Medical uses

Tucatinib is a kinase inhibitor indicated in combination with trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of adults with advanced unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer, including those with brain metastases, who have received one or more prior anti-HER2-based regimens in the metastatic setting.[3]

In the European Union, it is indicated in combination with trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of adults with HER2‑positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer who have received at least two prior anti‑HER2 treatment regimens.[4]

In January 2023, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to tucatinib in combination with trastuzumab for RAS wild-type HER2-positive unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer that has progressed following fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based chemotherapy.[12]

Clinical trials

Two early stage clinical trials have reported encouraging results, both of which had options to enroll subjects with central nervous system (CNS) metastases.[6][13][14][15][16] HER2CLIMB is a Phase 2 randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of tucatinib in combination with trastuzumab and capecitabine in patients with pretreated, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer.[17]

History

In April 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved tucatinib in combination with chemotherapy (trastuzumab and capecitabine) for the treatment of adults with advanced forms of HER2-positive breast cancer that can't be removed with surgery, or has spread to other parts of the body, including the brain, and who have received one or more prior treatments.[9][10][18]

The FDA collaborated with the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), Health Canada, Health Sciences Authority (HSA, Singapore) and Swissmedic (SMC, Switzerland) on the review.[9] This was the first Project Orbis partnership between the FDA, HSA and Swissmedic.[9] (As of April 2020), the application is still under review at the other agencies.[9]

Tucatinib is a kinase inhibitor meaning it blocks a type of enzyme (kinase) and helps prevent the cancer cells from growing.[9] Tucatinib is approved for treatment after adults have taken one or more anti-HER2-based regimens in the metastatic setting.[9] The FDA approved tucatinib based on the results of the HER2CLIMB trial (NCT02614794) enrolling 612 subjects who had HER2-positive advanced unresectable or metastatic breast cancer and had prior treatment with trastuzumab, pertuzumab and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1).[9][10] Subjects with previously treated and stable brain metastases, as well as those with previously treated and growing or untreated brain metastases, were eligible for the clinical trial, and 48% of enrolled subjects had brain metastases at the start of the trial.[9]

Subjects received either tucatinib 300 mg twice daily plus trastuzumab and capecitabine (tucatinib arm, n=410) or placebo plus trastuzumab and capecitabine (control arm, n=202).[10] The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), or the amount of time when there was no growth of the tumor, assessed by a blinded independent central review, evaluated in the initial 480 randomized patients.[9][10] The median PFS in subjects who received tucatinib, trastuzumab, and capecitabine was 7.8 months (95% CI: 7.5, 9.6) compared to 5.6 months (95% CI: 4.2, 7.1) in those subjects who received placebo, trastuzumab, and capecitabine (HR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.71; p<0.00001).[9][10] Overall survival and PFS in subjects with brain metastases at baseline were key secondary endpoints.[9] The median overall survival in subjects who received tucatinib, trastuzumab, and capecitabine was 21.9 months (95% CI: 18.3, 31.0) compared to 17.4 months (95% CI: 13.6, 19.9) in subjects who received placebo, trastuzumab, and capecitabine (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.87; p=0.00480).[9][10] The median PFS in subjects with brain metastases at baseline who received tucatinib, trastuzumab and capecitabine was 7.6 months (95% CI: 6.2, 9.5) compared to 5.4 months (95% CI: 4.1, 5.7) in subjects who received placebo, trastuzumab and capecitabine (HR: 0.48; 0.34, 0.69; p<0.00001).[9][10]

The FDA granted the application for tucatinib priority review, breakthrough therapy, fast track, and orphan drug designations.[9][10][19] The FDA granted approval of Tukysa to Seattle Genetics, Inc.[9]

Society and culture

Economics

Tucatinib was denied entry into the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme in March 2021, as "the incremental cost effectiveness ratio was unacceptably high at the proposed price".[20]

Legal status

Tucatinib was approved for medical use in the United States in April 2020.[9][10][11]

Tucatinib was approved for medical use in Australia in August 2020.[1]

On 10 December 2020, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Tukysa, intended for the treatment of HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.[21] The applicant for this medicinal product is Seagen B.V.[21] Tucatinib was approved for medical use in the European Union in February 2021.[4]

Names

Tucatinib is the International nonproprietary name.[22]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Tukysa". 21 August 2020. https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/tukysa. 
  2. ↑ "Summary Basis of Decision (SBD) for Tukysa". 23 October 2014. https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/summary-basis-decision-detailTwo.php?linkID=SBD00498&lang=en. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Tukysa- tucatinib tablet". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f27eb1b9-b7fc-424e-988f-84dd7bb195a3. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "Tukysa EPAR". 9 December 2020. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/tukysa.  Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  5. ↑ "Tukysa Product information". https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1526.htm. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "ONT-380 Active Against CNS Mets in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer". 15 December 2015. https://www.cancernetwork.com/news/ont-380-active-against-cns-mets-her2-positive-breast-cancer. [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  7. ↑ "Emerging Therapeutic Options for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer". American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting 35 (36): e64–70. October 2018. doi:10.1200/EDBK_159167. PMID 27249772. 
  8. ↑ "Tucatinib". Statement on a Nonproprietary Name Adopted by the USAN Council. https://searchusan.ama-assn.org/usan/documentDownload?uri=%2Funstructured%2Fbinary%2Fusan%2Ftucatinib.pdf. 
  9. ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 "FDA Approves First New Drug Under International Collaboration, A Treatment Option for Patients with HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 17 April 2020. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  10. ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 "FDA approves tucatinib for patients with HER2-positive metastatic brea". 17 April 2020. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-approves-tucatinib-patients-her2-positive-metastatic-breast-cancer.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Drug Approval Package: Tukysa". 18 May 2020. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2020/213411Orig1s000TOC.cfm. 
  12. ↑ "FDA grants accelerated approval to tucatinib with trastuzumab for colorectal cancer". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 19 January 2023. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-grants-accelerated-approval-tucatinib-trastuzumab-colorectal-cancer. 
  13. ↑ "Oncothyreon Inc. Announces Data For ONT-380 In HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients With And Without Brain Metastases At The San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium". BioSpace (Press release). 9 December 2015. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  14. ↑ "SABCS15: Promising phase 1 results lead to phase 2 for ONT-380 in HER2+ breast cancer". 9 December 2015. http://www.coloradocancerblogs.org/ont-380-san-antonio/. 
  15. ↑ "A Study of Tucatinib (ONT-380) Combined With Capecitabine and/or Trastuzumab in Patients With HER2+ Metastatic Breast Cancer". 31 December 2013. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02025192. 
  16. ↑ "Efficacy results of a phase 1b study of ONT-380, a CNS-penetrant TKI, in combination with T-DM1 in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC), including patients (pts) with brain metastases.". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting. http://meetinglibrary.asco.org/content/170543-176. Retrieved 6 August 2019. 
  17. ↑ "A Study of Tucatinib vs. Placebo in Combination With Capecitabine & Trastuzumab in Patients With Advanced HER2+ Breast Cancer (HER2CLIMB)". https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02614794. 
  18. ↑ "Tukysa: FDA-Approved Drugs". https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=213411. 
  19. ↑ "Tucatinib Orphan Drug Designation and Approval". 24 December 1999. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/opdlisting/oopd/detailedIndex.cfm?cfgridkey=570716. 
  20. ↑ "Recommendations made by the PBAC – March 2021". Australian Government Department of Health. https://www.pbs.gov.au/industry/listing/elements/pbac-meetings/pbac-outcomes/2021-03/march-2021-pbac-web-outcomes.pdf. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "Tukysa: Pending EC decision". 10 December 2020. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/summaries-opinion/tukysa.  Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  22. ↑ "International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN): recommended INN: list 75". WHO Drug Information 30 (1): 161. 2016. 

External links



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