Chemistry:Miglitol
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Glyset |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a601079 |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth (tablets) |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | Dose-dependent |
| Protein binding | Negligible (<4.0%) |
| Metabolism | Nil |
| Elimination half-life | 2 hours |
| Excretion | Renal (95%) |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C8H17NO5 |
| Molar mass | 207.226 g·mol−1 |
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| Density | 1.458 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 114 °C (237 °F) |
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Miglitol is an oral anti-diabetic drug that acts by inhibiting the ability of the patient to break down complex carbohydrates into glucose. It is primarily used in diabetes mellitus type 2 for establishing greater glycemic control by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides) into monosaccharides which can be absorbed by the body.[1]
Miglitol, and other structurally-related iminosugars, inhibit glycoside hydrolase enzymes called alpha-glucosidases. Since miglitol works by preventing digestion of carbohydrates, it lowers the degree of postprandial hyperglycemia. It must be taken at the start of main meals to have maximal effect.[2] Its effect will depend on the amount of non-monosaccharide carbohydrates in a person's diet.
In contrast to acarbose (another alpha-glucosidase inhibitor), miglitol is systemically absorbed; however, it is not metabolized and is excreted by the kidneys.
See also
References
- ↑ "Migliotl: MedlinePlus Drug Information". MedlinePlus. National Institutes of Health. 1 September 2010. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a601079.html.
- ↑ "Glyset (miglitol) tablets label - Accessdata FDA". Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. August 2012. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/020682s010lbl.pdf.
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