Chemistry:Acetohexamide
Acetohexamide (trade name Dymelor) is a first-generation sulfonylurea medication used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2, particularly in people whose diabetes cannot be controlled by diet alone.[1]
Mechanism of action
Acetohexamide binds to an ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel on the cell membrane of pancreatic beta cells. This inhibits the outflux of potassium, which causes the membrane potential to become more positive. This depolarization in turn opens voltage-gated calcium channels. The rise in intracellular calcium leads to increased fusion of insulin granulae with the cell membrane, and therefore increased secretion of insulin.[2]
Risks
Sulfonylureas, especially first-generation sulfonylureas such as Acetohexamide, can cause severe hypoglycemia and increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. [3][4]
References
- ↑ "Current Therapeutics. CCII. Acetohexamide". The Practitioner 193: 555–60. October 1964. PMID 14216839.
- ↑ "Acetohexamide". DrugBank. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00414.
- ↑ "www.accessdata.fda.gov". https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/017532s030lbl.pdf.
- ↑ "Acetohexamide". Medline Plus. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a682478.html.
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