Astronomy:59 Virginis
Coordinates: 
13h 16m 46.51596s, +09° 25′ 26.9590″
59 Virginis (e Virginis, HR 5011, Gliese 504) is a G-type subgiant star, located in constellation Virgo at approximately 57 light-years from Earth.
History of observations
59 Virginis is known to astronomers at least from 1598, when it was catalogued by Tycho Brahe in his manuscript catalogue of 1004 fixed stars. Brahe designated it as "Parvula sequens vindemiatricem", which means in Latin "A tiny following Vindemiatrix" (that is Epsilon Virginis), and assigned it a visual magnitude 6[11][12] (a modern value of its apparent magnitude (in band V) is 5.22). Five years later in 1603 Johann Bayer pictured it on constellation Virgo folio of his celestial atlas "Uranometria" and designated it with number 37, letter "e" (hence its Bayer designation e Virginis, or e Vir) and name "Alæ dextræ sequens", which means in Latin "Following right wing". Bayer also assigned it a visual magnitude 6.[13]
In July 2013, Kuzuhara et al. announced the discovery of planet b orbiting this star. The discovery was made using the 8.2-meter Subaru Telescope of Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii.
Age and other characteristics
The star is a young Sun-like star of spectral type G0V and effective temperature 6205 ± 20 K[3] (not much hotter than the Sun). It is also twice brighter than the Sun, its log (L/L⊙) is 0.332 ± 0.032. Its rotation period is 3.329 days.[9] The star exhibit a Sun-like magnetic reversal cycle with the period about 12 years.[14]
Age of the star was estimated as 0.16+0.35−0.60 Gyr (2013),[9] 4.5+2.0−1.5 Gyr (2015),[7] and 2.5+1.0−0.7 Gyr (2017).[3]
Planetary system
In 2013, the discovery of a Jovian planet, b, by direct imaging of the system was announced.[9] A later re-analysis suggested that it may actually be a brown dwarf.[3]
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | 4.0+4.5−1.0 MJ | 80±49 | >56000 | 0.31±0.31 | 141±30° | 0.97±0.07 RJ |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hoffleit, D.; Warren, W. H. (1995). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed. (Hoffleit+, 1991)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: V/50. Originally Published in: 1964BS....C......0H 5050. Bibcode: 1995yCat.5050....0H.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 D'Orazi, V.Expression error: Unrecognized word "et". (2017). "A critical reassessment of the fundamental properties of GJ 504: chemical composition and age". Astronomy & Astrophysics 598: A19. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629283. Bibcode: 2017A&A...598A..19D.
- ↑ Gray, R. O.; Napier, M. G.; Winkler, L. I. (2001). "The Physical Basis of Luminosity Classification in the Late A-, F-, and Early G-Type Stars. I. Precise Spectral Types for 372 Stars". The Astronomical Journal 121 (4): 2148. doi:10.1086/319956. Bibcode: 2001AJ....121.2148G.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 "* e Vir". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=%2A+e+Vir.
- ↑ Park, Sunkyung et al. (2013). "Wilson-Bappu Effect: Extended to Surface Gravity". The Astronomical Journal 146 (4): 73. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/4/73. Bibcode: 2013AJ....146...73P.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Fuhrmann, K.; Chini, R. (2015). "On the age of Gliese 504". The Astrophysical Journal 806 (2): 163. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/163. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...806..163F.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Di Mauro, Maria Pia; Reda, Raffaele; Mathur, Savita; García, Rafael A.; Buzasi, Derek L.; Corsaro, Enrico; Benomar, Othman; González Cuesta, Lucía et al. (2022-11-01). "On the Characterization of GJ 504: A Magnetically Active Planet-host Star Observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)". The Astrophysical Journal 940 (1): 93. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac8f44. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2022ApJ...940...93D.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Kuzuhara, M. et al. (2013). "Direct Imaging of a Cold Jovian Exoplanet in Orbit around the Sun-like Star GJ 504". The Astrophysical Journal 774 (1): 11. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/774/1/11. Bibcode: 2013ApJ...774...11K.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Swastik, C.; Banyal, Ravinder K.; Narang, Mayank; Manoj, P.; Sivarani, T.; Reddy, Bacham E.; Rajaguru, S. P. (2021), "Host Star Metallicity of Directly Imaged Wide-orbit Planets: Implications for Planet Formation", The Astronomical Journal 161 (3): 114, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd802, Bibcode: 2021AJ....161..114S
- ↑ Baily, Francis (1843). "The Catalogues of Ptolemy, Ulugh Beigh, Tycho Brahe, Halley, Hevelius, Deduced from the Best Authorities. With Various Notes and Corrections, and a Preface to Each Catalogue. To Which is Added the Synonym of each Star, in the Catalogues of Flamsteed of Lacaille, as far as the same can be ascertained". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society 13: 1. Bibcode: 1843MmRAS..13....1B. (e Virginis: for Tycho Brahe's catalogue see page 149, for Hevelius' – page 235).
- ↑ Verbunt, F.; van Gent, R. H. (2010). "Three editions of the star catalogue of Tycho Brahe. Machine-readable versions and comparison with the modern Hipparcos Catalogue". Astronomy & Astrophysics 516: A28. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014002. Bibcode: 2010A&A...516A..28V.
- ↑ Bayer, Johann (1603). "Uranometria: omnium asterismorum continens schemata, nova methodo delineata, aereis laminis expressa". Uranometria in Linda Hall Library: link . Pages on constellation Virgo: Table, Map.
- ↑ Di Mauro, Maria Pia; Reda, Raffaele; Mathur, Savita; García, Rafael A.; Buzasi, Derek L.; Corsaro, Enrico; Benomar, Othman; González Cuesta, Lucía et al. (2022), "On the Characterization of GJ 504: A Magnetically Active Planet-host Star Observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)", The Astrophysical Journal 940 (1): 93, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac8f44, Bibcode: 2022ApJ...940...93D
Coordinates: 13h 16m 46.51596s, +09° 25′ 26.9590″
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