Astronomy:NGC 4526

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NGC 4526
NGC 4526 with SN 1994D @ bottom left
Supernova SN 1994D (lower left) in the outskirts of NGC 4526's central disk
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationVirgo
Right ascension 12h 34m 03.029s[1]
Declination+07° 41′ 56.90″[1]
Redshift0.002058±0.000017
Helio radial velocity617±5 km/s[2]
Distance55±5 Mly (16.9±1.6 Mpc)[3]
52 Mly (15.8 Mpc)[4]
Apparent magnitude (V)10.7[2]
Characteristics
TypeSAB(s)0°[5]
Size~114,400 ly (35.07 kpc) (estimated)[2]
Apparent size (V)7.2′ × 2.4′[2]
Other designations
IRAS 12315+0758, NGC 4560, UGC 7718, MCG+01-32-100, PGC 41772[2]

NGC 4526 (also listed as NGC 4560) is a lenticular galaxy with an embedded dusty disc, located approximately 55 million light-years from the Solar System[3] in the Virgo constellation and discovered on 13 April 1784 by William Herschel.[6] Herschel observed it again on 28 December 1785, resulting in the galaxy being entered twice into the New General Catalogue.[6]

NGC 4526 imaged by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory

The galaxy is seen nearly edge-on. The morphological classification is SAB(s)0°,[5] which indicates a lenticular structure with a weak bar across the center and pure spiral arms without a ring.[7] It belongs to the Virgo Cluster and is one of the brightest known lenticular galaxies.[5] In the galaxy's outer halo, globular cluster orbital velocities[8] indicate abnormal poverty of dark matter: only 43±18% of the mass within 5 effective radii.

The inner nucleus of this galaxy displays a rise in stellar orbital motion that indicates the presence of a central dark mass. The best fit model for the motion of molecular gas in the core region suggests there is a supermassive black hole with about 4.5+4.2
−3.0×108 (450 million) times the mass of the Sun.[9] This is the first object to have its black-hole mass estimated by measuring the rotation of gas molecules around its centre with an astronomical interferometer (in this case the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy).

Supernovae

Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 4526:

  • SN 1969E (type unknown, mag. 16) was discovered by Enrique Chavira on 23 March 1969.[10][11][12]
  • SN 1994D (Type Ia, mag. 15.2) was discovered independently by the Leuschner Observatory Supernova Search and by Dr. M. Richmond, on 7 March 1994, about two weeks before reaching peak brightness.[13][14] It was caused by the explosion of a white dwarf star composed of carbon and oxygen.[15]
Wider Hubble Space Telescope image showing the envelope of more distant orbiting stars

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W. et al. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal 131 (2): 1163–1183. doi:10.1086/498708. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 2006AJ....131.1163S. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database", Results for NGC 4526, http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/, retrieved 2006-10-18. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Tonry, J. L. et al. (2001), "The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances", Astrophysical Journal 546 (2): 681–693, doi:10.1086/318301, Bibcode: 2001ApJ...546..681T. 
  4. ↑ Hatt, Dylan et al. (July 2018). "The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. IV. The Distance to NGC 4424, NGC 4526, and NGC 4356 via the Tip of the Red Giant Branch". The Astrophysical Journal 861 (2): 10. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac9cc. 104. Bibcode: 2018ApJ...861..104H. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Burstein, D. (November 1979), "Structure and origin of S0 galaxies. I - Surface photometry of S0 galaxies", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 41: 435–450, doi:10.1086/190625, Bibcode: 1979ApJS...41..435B. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Courtney Seligman. "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4500 - 4549". https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc45.htm#4526. 
  7. ↑ Buta, Ronald J. et al. (2007), Atlas of Galaxies, Cambridge University Press, pp. 13–17, ISBN 978-0521820486, https://books.google.com/books?id=g-P7dCbB5MEC&pg=PA16. 
  8. ↑ Adebusola B. Alabi; Duncan A. Forbes; Aaron J. Romanowsky; Jean P. Brodie; Jay Strader; Joachim Janz; Christopher Usher; Lee R. Spitler et al. (2016-05-20). "The SLUGGS survey: the mass distribution in early-type galaxies within five effective radii and beyond". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 460 (4): 3838–3860. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1213. Bibcode: 2016MNRAS.460.3838A. 
  9. ↑ Davis, Timothy A. et al. (February 2013), "A black-hole mass measurement from molecular gas kinematics in NGC4526", Nature 494 (7437): 328–330, doi:10.1038/nature11819, PMID 23364690, Bibcode: 2013Natur.494..328D. 
  10. ↑ Gingerich, Owen (27 March 1969). "Circular No. 2139". Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/IAUCs/IAUC2139.jpg. 
  11. ↑ Kowal, C. T.; Sargent, W. L. W. (November 1971), "Supernovae discovered since 1885", Astronomical Journal 41: 756–764, doi:10.1086/111193, Bibcode: 1971AJ.....76..756K. 
  12. ↑ "SN 1969E". IAU. https://www.wis-tns.org/object/1969E. 
  13. ↑ Treffers, R. R.; Filippenko, A. V.; Van Dyk, S. D.; Richmond, M. W.; Martel, A.; Goodrich, R. W. (1994). "Supernova 1994D in NGC 4526". International Astronomical Union Circular (5946): 2. Bibcode: 1994IAUC.5946....2T. 
  14. ↑ "SN 1994D". IAU. https://www.wis-tns.org/object/1994D. 
  15. ↑ Lentz, Eric J. et al. (August 2001), "Non-LTE Synthetic Spectral Fits to the Type Ia Supernova 1994D in NGC 4526", The Astrophysical Journal 557 (1): 756–764, doi:10.1086/322239, Bibcode: 2001ApJ...557..266L. 

Coordinates: Sky map 12h 34m 03.029s, 07° 41′ 56.90″



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