Astronomy:K2-19

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Short description: Orangish-hued star in the constellation Virgo
K2-19
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Virgo[1]
Right ascension  11h 39m 50.4803s[2]
Declination +00° 36′ 12.875″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 13.002±0.009[3]
Characteristics
Spectral type K0 V[4] or G9V[5]
Apparent magnitude (J) 11.596±0.024[6]
Apparent magnitude (H) 11.208±0.022[6]
Apparent magnitude (K) 11.161±0.026[6]
Apparent magnitude (B) 13.798±0.020[3]
Variable type Planetary transit variable[7]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−7.2296±0.0080[8] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −18.673(22)[2] mas/yr
Dec.: 4.571(15)[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)3.3410 ± 0.0196[2] mas
Distance976 ± 6 ly
(299 ± 2 pc)
Details[4]
Mass0.918±0.064 M☉
Radius0.881±0.111 R☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.50±0.10 cgs
Temperature5250±70 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.10±0.05 dex
Rotation20.54±0.30 d
Rotational velocity (v sin i)3.00±0.50 km/s
Age≥8[9] Gyr
Other designations
UCAC4 454-050261, EPIC 201505350, 2MASS J11395048+0036129[10]
Database references
SIMBADdata

K2-19 is an early K-type[4] or late G-type main sequence star[5] that is magnetically active, and has a light curve that exhibits variations in brightness of ~1%.[5] It is located approximately 976 light-years away in the constellation Virgo. Three confirmed transiting exoplanets are known to orbit this star.

Planetary system

Discovery

The two outer planets were reported as planet candidates during analysis of data from Campaign 1 of the Kepler spacecraft K2 extended mission.[11] Both planets were confirmed by David J. Armstrong and collaborators, who used ground-based telescopes to detect additional transits and measure hour-long transit-timing variations for K2-19b.[7] They were independently validated along with 20 other planets by Benjamin T. Montet and team.[12]

K2-19d was first reported as a planet candidate during a search for candidates from the first year of the K2 Mission[13] and was later validated by Sinukoff et al.[5]

Characteristics

K2-19 has a planetary system with three known planets, of which the two larger ones, K2-19b and K2-19c, are close to the 3:2 mean motion resonance. All three planets orbit closer to their star than the planet Mercury does to the Sun.[4][14]

The K2-19 planetary system[8][15]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
d <10 M⊕ 0.0344(6) 2.5081(2) ? 90.8(7)° 1.11(5) R⊕
b 32.4(1.7) M⊕ 0.0762(22) 7.9222(1) 0.20(3) 91.5(1)° 7.0(2) R⊕
c 10.8(0.6) M⊕ 0.1001(29) 11.8993(8) 0.21(3) 91.1(1)° 4.1(2) R⊕

References

  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a Constellation From a Position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 99 (617): 695–699. doi:10.1086/132034. Bibcode: 1987PASP...99..695R.  Vizier query form
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Brown, A. G. A. (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 649: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G.  Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Henden, A. A. et al. (2016). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: AAVSO Photometric All Sky Survey (APASS) DR9 (Henden+, 2016)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: II/336. Originally Published in: 2015AAS...22533616H 2336. Bibcode: 2016yCat.2336....0H. Vizier catalog entry
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Nespral, D. et al. (2017). "Mass determination of K2-19b and K2-19c from radial velocities and transit timing variations". Astronomy and Astrophysics 601. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628639. Bibcode: 2017A&A...601A.128N. https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2017/05/aa28639-16/aa28639-16.html. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Sinukoff, Evan et al. (2016). "Eleven Multiplanet Systems From K2 Campaigns 1 and 2 and the Masses of Two Hot Super-Earths". The Astrophysical Journal 827 (1). doi:10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/78. Bibcode: 2016ApJ...827...78S. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W. et al. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal 131 (2): 1163–1183. doi:10.1086/498708. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 2006AJ....131.1163S. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AJ....131.1163S/abstract.  Vizier catalog entry
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Armstrong, David J. et al. (2015). "One of the closest exoplanet pairs to the 3:2 mean motion resonance: K2-19b and c". Astronomy and Astrophysics 582. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526008. Bibcode: 2015A&A...582A..33A. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Barros, S. C. C. et al. (2015). "Photodynamical mass determination of the multiplanetary system K2-19". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 454 (4): 4267–4276. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2271. Bibcode: 2015MNRAS.454.4267B. 
  9. ↑ Narita, Norio et al. (2015). "Characterization of the K2-19 Multiple-transiting Planetary System via High-dispersion Spectroscopy, AO Imaging, and Transit Timing Variations". The Astrophysical Journal 815 (1). doi:10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/47. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...815...47N. 
  10. ↑ "K2-19". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=K2-19. 
  11. ↑ Foreman-Mackey, Daniel et al. (2015). "A Systematic Search for Transiting Planets in the K2 Data". The Astrophysical Journal 806 (2). doi:10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/215. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...806..215F. 
  12. ↑ Montet, Benjamin T. et al. (2015). "Stellar and Planetary Properties of K2 Campaign 1 Candidates and Validation of 17 Planets, Including a Planet Receiving Earth-like Insolation". The Astrophysical Journal 809 (1). doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/25. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...809...25M. 
  13. ↑ Vanderburg, Andrew et al. (2016). "Planetary Candidates from the First Year of the K2 Mission". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 222 (1). doi:10.3847/0067-0049/222/1/14. Bibcode: 2016ApJS..222...14V. 
  14. ↑ Williams, David R. (2018-09-27). "Mercury Fact Sheet". NASA. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/mercuryfact.html. 
  15. ↑ Petigura, Erik A. et al. (10 December 2019). "K2-19b and c are in a 3:2 Commensurability but out of Resonance: A Challenge to Planet Assembly by Convergent Migration". The Astronomical Journal 159 (1). doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab5220. Bibcode: 2020AJ....159....2P. 

Coordinates: Sky map 11h 39m 50.4804s, +00° 36′ 12.8773″



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