Astronomy:HD 126614

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Short description: Multiple star system in the constellation Virgo
HD 126614
Observation data
{{#ifeq:J2000|J2000.0 (ICRS)|Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)| Epoch J2000      [[Astronomy:Equinox (celestial coordinates)|Equinox J2000}}
Constellation Virgo[1]
HD 126614 A
Right ascension  14h 26m 48.27949s[2]
Declination −05° 10′ 40.0131″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 8.81±0.03[3]
LP 680-57
Right ascension  14h 26m 45.83640s[4]
Declination −05° 10′ 19.4279″[4]
Apparent magnitude (V) 16.68±0.20[3]
Characteristics
A
Evolutionary stage subgiant[2]
Spectral type G8IV[5]
Apparent magnitude (B) 9.620[1]
Apparent magnitude (J) 7.470±0.021[1]
Apparent magnitude (H) 7.160±0.042[1]
Apparent magnitude (K) 7.060±0.036[1]
B−V color index 0.810±0.004[1]
C
Evolutionary stage main sequence[6]
Spectral type M[7]
B
Evolutionary stage main sequence[8]
Spectral type M5.5V[6]
Astrometry
HD 126614 A
Radial velocity (Rv)−32.897±0.0042[9] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −149.760±0.023[2] mas/yr
Dec.: −145.837±0.018[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)13.6633 ± 0.0166[2] mas
Distance238.7 ± 0.3 ly
(73.19 ± 0.09 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)4.52[1]
LP 680-57
Radial velocity (Rv)−29.45±5.52[4] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −147.861±0.038 mas/yr
Dec.: −149.118±0.034 mas/yr
Parallax (π)13.6050 ± 0.0316[4] mas
Distance239.7 ± 0.6 ly
(73.5 ± 0.2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)12.02[7]
Orbit[10]
PrimaryHD 126614 A
CompanionHD 126614 C
Period (P)59.979+4.696
−5.059 yr
Semi-major axis (a)15.229+0.984
−1.094 astronomical unit|AU
Eccentricity (e)0.056+0.017
−0.018
Inclination (i)16.294+0.881
−0.771°
Longitude of the node (Ω)284.664+2.600
−3.304°
Periastron epoch (T)2450124.747+26.090
−28.486
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)		240.567+30.578
−43.150°
Semi-amplitude (K1)
(primary)		0.167573+0.012902
−0.011124 km/s
Details
HD 126614 A
Mass0.955[11] M☉
Radius1.32[11] R☉
Luminosity1.44[11] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.18[11] cgs
Temperature5,503[11] K
Metallicity+0.42[11]
Rotation~99 days[7]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.0±0.5[7] km/s
Age7.2±2.0[7] Gyr
HD 126614 C
Mass81.128+7.778
−7.922[10] MJup
LP 680-57 (B)
Mass0.32[12][8] M☉
Radius0.32[12][8] R☉
Luminosity0.0106[12] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.93[12] cgs
Temperature3,275[12][8] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.46[6] dex
Age3.6  – 6.0[6] Gyr
Other designations
HD 126614, WDS J14268-0511[13]
HD 126614 A: BD−04°3690, HIP 70623, SAO 139932, PPM 197558, G 124-40, LTT 5698, NLTT 37355[13]
LP 680-57: LP 680-57, NLTT 37349[14]
Database references
SIMBADA
LP 680-57
Exoplanet Archivedata
Extrasolar Planets
Encyclopaedia		data

HD 126614 is a trinary star[15] system in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. The primary member, designated component A, is host to an exoplanetary companion. With an apparent visual magnitude of 8.81,[1] it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. The system is located at a distance of 239 light years from the Sun based on parallax measurements,[2] but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −33 km/s.[9]

Stellar system

HD 126614 A

The primary is a late G-type star with a stellar classification of G8IV.[5] It is a super metal-rich star; among the most metal-rich stars currently known.[16] This is most likely an evolving subgiant star, but the very high metallicity makes comparisons to standard spectral types difficult.[17]

HD 126614 C

In 2010, a close stellar companion was resolved and designated component C. This object is a faint red dwarf at an angular separation of 0.5″, which corresponds to a projected physical separation of ~ 36 astronomical unit|AU.[17] More recent observations using radial velocity and astrometry have refined the parameters of HD 126614 C. It has an orbital period of about 60 years, with a smaller semi-major axis of 15 AU and a very low mass of 81.1 |♃|J}}}}}}.[10] This mass is very near the mass limit allowed for hydrogen fusion.

HD 126614 B

The outer companion, designated LP 680-57, was first reported in 1960 with the W. J. Luyten proper motion catalog.[18] It is a magnitude 17.0 red dwarf with a class of M5.5,[6] located at an angular separation of 41.90″ from the primary along a position angle of 299°, as of 2015.[18] They have a physical projected separation of 3,040 astronomical unit|AU.[6] The common proper motion of the system has been confirmed, indicating that they are gravitationally bound.[17] Many multiple star catalogues still refer to this companion as component B, as it was known prior to the discovery of the closer companion.[18]

Planetary system

A Doppler search for giant planets begun in 1997 at the Keck Observatory provided an 11 year baseline for detecting periodicity in the primary star's radial velocity data. In 2010, a Jovian companion was announced with an orbital period of 3.41 years.[7] In 2022, the inclination and true mass of HD 126614 Ab were measured via astrometry.[10]

The HD 126614 A planetary system[19]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(years) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 0.41+0.20
−0.06 MJ 		2.29±0.03 3.442+0.016
−0.017[10] 		0.55±0.06 90±40° —

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A  XHIP record for this object at VizieR.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940  Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "HD 126614". https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/overview/HD%20126614. Retrieved 30 August 2022. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Vallenari, A. et al. (2022). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940  Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Houk, N.; Swift, C. (1999). "Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD Stars". Michigan Spectral Survey 5. Bibcode: 1999MSS...C05....0H. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Deacon, Niall R. et al. (2014). "Wide Cool and Ultracool Companions to Nearby Stars from Pan-STARRS 1". The Astrophysical Journal 792 (2): 119. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/792/2/119. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...792..119D. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Howard, Andrew W. et al. (2010). "The California Planet Survey. I. Four New Giant Exoplanets". The Astrophysical Journal 721 (2): 1467–1481. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/721/2/1467. Bibcode: 2010ApJ...721.1467H. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Muirhead, Philip S.; Dressing, Courtney D.; Mann, Andrew W.; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Lépine, Sébastien; Paegert, Martin; De Lee, Nathan; Oelkers, Ryan (2018). "A Catalog of Cool Dwarf Targets for the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite". The Astronomical Journal 155 (4): 180. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aab710. Bibcode: 2018AJ....155..180M. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Soubiran, C. et al. (2018). "Gaia Data Release 2. The catalogue of radial velocity standard stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics 616: A7. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832795. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...7S. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Feng, Fabo et al. (August 2022). "3D Selection of 167 Substellar Companions to Nearby Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 262 (21): 21. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac7e57. Bibcode: 2022ApJS..262...21F. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 De Laverny, Patrick; Ligi, Roxanne; Crida, Aurélien; Recio-Blanco, Alejandra; Palicio, Pedro A. (2025). "The Gaia spectroscopic catalogue of exoplanets and host stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics 699: A100. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202554739. Bibcode: 2025A&A...699A.100D. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 Stassun, Keivan G.; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Pepper, Joshua; Paegert, Martin; De Lee, Nathan; Torres, Guillermo; Latham, David W.; Charpinet, Stéphane et al. (2018). "The TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal 156 (3): 102. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad050. Bibcode: 2018AJ....156..102S. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "HD 126614". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=HD+126614. 
  14. ↑ "LP 680-57". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=LP+680-57. 
  15. ↑ Busetti, F. et al. (November 2018). "Stability of planets in triple star systems". Astronomy & Astrophysics 619: 12. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833097. A91. Bibcode: 2018A&A...619A..91B. 
  16. ↑ Castro, Sandra et al. (July 1997). "High-Resolution Abundance Analysis of Very Metal-rich Stars in the Solar Neighborhood". Astronomical Journal 114: 376–387. doi:10.1086/118481. Bibcode: 1997AJ....114..376C. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Lodieu, N. et al. (September 2014). "Binary frequency of planet-host stars at wide separations. A new brown dwarf companion to a planet-host star". Astronomy & Astrophysics 569: 14. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424210. A120. Bibcode: 2014A&A...569A.120L. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Mason, B. D. et al. (2014). "The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog". The Astronomical Journal 122 (6): 3466–3471. doi:10.1086/323920. Bibcode: 2001AJ....122.3466M. 
  19. ↑ Van Zandt, Judah; Gilbert, Gregory J.; Petigura, Erik A.; Giacalone, Steven; Howard, Andrew W.; Handley, Luke B. (2026-04-02). "A Smooth Transition from Giant Planets to Brown Dwarfs from the Radial Occurrence Distribution". The Astronomical Journal 171 (5): 267. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae5102. ISSN 0004-6256. 

Coordinates: Sky map 14h 26m 48.2804s, −05° 10′ 40.009″



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