Astronomy:List of artificial objects on extraterrestrial surfaces

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This is a partial list of artificial objects left on extraterrestrial surfaces.

Artificial objects on Venus

Main article: Astronomy:List of artificial objects on Venus

Artificial objects on the Moon

Main article: Astronomy:List of artificial objects on the Moon

Artificial objects on Mars

Main articles: Astronomy:List of artificial objects on Mars and Astronomy:List of Mars landers

Artificial objects on other extraterrestrial bodies

Surface Object Mass Owner Landing Location Ref.
67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko Philae 100 kg (220 lb) EuropeGermany ESA/DLR 2014-11-12 "Abydos"
Rosetta 1,230 kg (2,710 lb) Europe ESA 2016-09-30 "Sais"
433 Eros NEAR Shoemaker 487 kg (1,074 lb) United States NASA/APL 2001-02-12 South of Himeros crater [1]
25143 Itokawa Hayabusa target marker Japan JAXA 2005-11-20 Muses Sea [2]
Mercury MESSENGER 1,108 kg (2,443 lb) United States NASA/APL 2015-04-30 Suisei Planitia
162173 Ryugu MASCOT 9.6 kg (21 lb) FranceGermany CNES/DLR 2018-10-03 Alice's Wonderland [3][4][5]
MINERVA-II Rover-1A 1.1 kg (2.4 lb) Japan JAXA 2018-09-21 Tritonis
MINERVA-II Rover-1B 1.1 kg (2.4 lb)
MINERVA-II Rover-2 1.0 kg (2.2 lb) 2019-10 Unknown [6][7]
Hayabusa2 Small Carry-on Impactor 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) 2019-04-05 "C01" [8][9]
Hayabusa2 Deployable Camera 3 ≈2.0 kg (4.4 lb) 2019-04 Unknown [10]
Hayabusa2 Target Marker B 0.3 kg (0.66 lb) 2018-10-25 "L08" [11]
Hayabusa2 Target Marker A 0.3 kg (0.66 lb) 2019-05-30 "S01" [9]
Hayabusa2 Target Marker E 0.3 kg (0.66 lb) 2019-09 Unknown [12]
Hayabusa2 Target Marker C 0.3 kg (0.66 lb) 2019-09 Unknown [12]
9P/Tempel Deep Impact impactor 372 kg (820 lb) United States NASA/JPL 2005-07-04
Titan Huygens lander 319 kg (703 lb) Europe ESA 2005-01-14 Northeast of Adiri [13][14]
Huygens heat shield Unknown
Huygens parachute Unknown
Dimorphos Double Asteroid Redirection Test impactor 570 kg (1,260 lb) United States NASA/JHUAPL 2022-09-26

Estimated total masses of objects

Surface Total estimated mass of objects (kg) Total estimated local weight of objects (N)
Churyumov–Gerasimenko 100 ?
Eros 487 ?
Itokawa 0.591 ?
Jupiter 2,564 59,400
Mars 10,240 37,833
Mercury 507.9 1,881
The Moon 205,988 34,194
Ryugu 18.5 ?
Saturn 2,150 2,289.75
Tempel 1 370 2.5
Titan 319 372
Venus 22,642 201,256
Dimorphos 570 ?
Total 243,800 611,618+

See also

References

  1. ↑ Spaceflight Now staff (28 February 2001). "NEAR Shoemaker phones home for the last time". https://www.spaceflightnow.com/near/010228end/. "NEAR Shoemaker now rests silently just to the south of the saddle-shaped feature Himeros..." 
  2. ↑ Rayl, A.J.S. (21 November 2005). "Hayabusa Does Not Land on Asteroid in First Attempt, But Successfully Delivers Target Marker". http://planetary.org/news/2005/1121_Hayabusa_Does_Not_Land_on_Asteroid_in.html. ""...Sunday, November 20 (JST) JAXA received the signal that Hayabusa had carried out its task successfully [...] the target marker landed about six and a half minutes after it left Hayabusa, settling down just as planned in the nice flat region that the team dubbed Muses Sea..."" 
  3. ↑ Wall, Mike (23 August 2018). "Landing Site on Asteroid Ryugu Chosen for Japan's Hayabusa2 Mission". https://www.space.com/41602-hayabusa2-asteroid-ryugu-landing-site-selected-photos.html. "The Hayabusa2 spacecraft's Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout (MASCOT) will land at a site in the asteroid Ryugu's southern hemisphere dubbed MA-9..." 
  4. ↑ Nowakowski, Tomasz (5 October 2018). "European MASCOT spacecraft successfully lands on asteroid Ryugu". https://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/esa/european-mascot-spacecraft-successfully-lands-on-asteroid-ryugu/. "A small European spacecraft, known as the Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout (MASCOT), successfully landed on asteroid Ryugu on Wednesday, Oct. 3 [...] MASCOT weighs some 21 lbs. (9.6 kilograms)..." 
  5. ↑ "Correction to the name of the MINERVA-II1 landing site". JAXA. 1 February 2019. http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/en/topics/20190204e_Nomenclature/. 
  6. ↑ The Downlink: Station Crew Home, Hayabusa2 Deploys Rover. Jason Davis, The Planetary Society. 4 October 2019.
  7. ↑ @haya2e_jaxa (2 October 2019). "[MINERVA-II2 MINERVA-II2 is confirmed to have separated today (10/3) at 01:38 JST. The separation time was 00:57 J…"]. https://twitter.com/haya2e_jaxa/status/1179440763752480769. 
  8. ↑ "Approach to the 2nd touchdown–Part 3: To go or not to go–". JAXA. 8 July 2019. https://www.universetoday.com/142836/hayabusa-2-is-the-first-spacecraft-to-sample-the-inside-of-an-asteroid/. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "The Pinpoint Touchdown – Target Marker 1A (PPTD-TM1A) operation". JAXA. 5 May 2019. http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/en/topics/20190515e_PPTD-TM1/. 
  10. ↑ Gough, Evan (16 July 2019). "Hayabusa 2 is the First Spacecraft to Sample the Inside of an Asteroid". Universe Today. https://www.universetoday.com/142836/hayabusa-2-is-the-first-spacecraft-to-sample-the-inside-of-an-asteroid/. 
  11. ↑ "The touchdown site". JAXA. 19 February 2019. http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/en/topics/20190220e_TDPoint/. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Target marker separation operation". JAXA. 16 September 2019. http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/en/topics/20190916e_TMORB/. 
  13. ↑ Cook, Jia-Rui C. (14 January 2010). "Land Ho! Huygens Plunged to Titan Surface 5 Years Ago". https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=2448. "The Huygens probe parachuted down to the surface of Saturn's haze-shrouded moon Titan exactly five years ago on Jan. 14, 2005 [...] as it plunged through Titan's hazy atmosphere and landed near a region now known as Adiri." 
  14. ↑ NSSDCA staff (2005). "Huygens (NSSDCA/COSPAR ID: 1997-061C)". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1997-061C. ""Mass: 319 kg"" 



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