Astronomy:NGC 2146

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NGC 2146
NGC 2146 imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationCamelopardalis
Right ascension 06h 18m 37.710s[1]
Declination+78° 21′ 25.27″[1]
Redshift0.002999±0.000003[2]
Helio radial velocity899±1 km/s[2]
Galactocentric velocity1,043±6 km/s[2]
Distance63.76 ± 26.62 Mly (19.550 ± 8.161 Mpc)[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)11.38±0.13[3][1]
Apparent magnitude (B)10.59±0.13[3][1]
Characteristics
TypeSB(s)ab pec; HII;LIRG[2][4]
Size119,760 ly
(36.72 kpc)
(diameter; 25.0 B-mag arcsec−2)[2]
124,750 ly × 58,643 ly
(38.25 kpc × 17.98 kpc)
(diameter; "total" magnitude)[2]
Apparent size (V)7.97142′ × 3.49228135′[5][1]
Other designations
4C +78.06, IRAS 06106+7822, UGC 3429, MCG+13-05-022, PGC 18797[2]

NGC 2146 (also known as the Dusty Hand Galaxy[6]) is a barred spiral galaxy type SB(s)ab pec in the constellation Camelopardalis. The galaxy was discovered in 1876 by Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke.[7]

NGC 2146 has an isophotal diameter of 38.3 kiloparsecs (125,000 light-years), slightly larger than the Milky Way.[2] The galaxy's most conspicuous feature is the dusty lanes of a spiral arm lying across the core of the galaxy as seen from Earth, the arm having been bent 45 degrees by a close encounter with a smaller galaxy, possibly NGC 2146A, about 0.8 billion years ago.[7] This close encounter is credited with the relatively high rates of star formation that qualify NGC 2146 as a starburst galaxy.[7]

Supernovae

SN 2018zd, imaged at Northolt Branch Observatories on 7 March 2018. At that time, the supernova was visible at magnitude +14.0 and brightening.[8]

NGC 2146 has been host to three known supernova events:

  • SN 2005V (Type Ib/c, mag. 16) was discovered by LIRIS on 30 January 2005.[9][10][11]
  • SN 2018zd (Type II, mag. 17.8) is possibly a Type IIn[12] and might be the first electron-capture supernova,[13][14][15] and was discovered on 2 March 2018 by Kōichi Itagaki.[16]
  • SN 2024abfl (Type II, mag. 17.5) was discovered on 15 November 2024 by Kōichi Itagaki.[17]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 NGC 2146
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Template:NED link
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gil De Paz, Armando; Boissier, Samuel; Madore, Barry F.; Seibert, Mark; Joe, Young H.; Boselli, Alessandro; Wyder, Ted K.; Thilker, David et al. (2007). "The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 173 (2): 185. doi:10.1086/516636. Bibcode: 2007ApJS..173..185G. 
  4. ↑ Konstantopoulos, I. S.; Smith, L. J.; Adamo, A.; Silva-Villa, E.; Gallagher, J. S.; Bastian, N.; Ryon, J. E.; Westmoquette, M. S. et al. (2013). "The Snapshot Hubble U-band Cluster Survey (SHUCS). I. Survey Description and First Application to the Mixed Star Cluster Population of NGC 4041". The Astronomical Journal 145 (5): 137. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/145/5/137. Bibcode: 2013AJ....145..137K. 
  5. ↑ Moustakas, John; Lang, Dustin; Dey, Arjun; Juneau, Stéphanie; Meisner, Aaron; Myers, Adam D.; Schlafly, Edward F.; Schlegel, David J. et al. (2023). "Siena Galaxy Atlas 2020". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 269 (1): 3. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/acfaa2. Bibcode: 2023ApJS..269....3M. 
  6. ↑ Stoyan, Ronald; Schurig, Stephan (2014). interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas. Erlangen: Cambridge University Press; Oculum-Verlag GmbH. ISBN 978-1-107-50338-0. OCLC 920437579. http://www.deep-sky-atlas.com/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Feeling the strain". The Hubble European Space Agency Information Centre. 22 August 2011. https://esahubble.org/images/potw1134a/. 
  8. ↑ "Supernova 2018zd in NGC 2146". 2 March 2018. http://www.rochesterastronomy.org/sn2018/sn2018zd.html. 
  9. ↑ Mattlla, S; Greimel, R; Meikle, P (2005). "LIRIS Discovers Supernovae in Starburst Galaxies". The Newsletter of the Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes 9: 16. Bibcode: 2005INGN....9...16M. http://www.ing.iac.es/PR/newsletter/news9/science5.pdf. Retrieved 8 July 2015. 
  10. ↑ "Image of supernova 2005V". 4 February 2005. http://www.rochesterastronomy.org/sn2005/n2146s1.jpg. 
  11. ↑ "SN 2005V". IAU. https://www.wis-tns.org/object/2005V. 
  12. ↑ Zhang, Jujia; Xu, Liang; Wang, Xiaofeng (6 March 2018). "ATEL #11379: Spectroscopic Classification of SN 2018zd as a very young Type IIn Supernova". http://www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=11379. 
  13. ↑ "The electron-capture origin of supernova 2018zd". Nat Astron 5 (9): 903–910. 28 June 2021. doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01384-2. Bibcode: 2021NatAs...5..903H. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-021-01384-2. 
  14. ↑ "New, Third Type Of Supernova Observed". 28 June 2021. https://keckobservatory.org/electron-capture-supernova. 
  15. ↑ "Astronomers discover new type of supernova". PA. RTE News. 28 June 2021. https://www.rte.ie/news/newslens/2021/0628/1231824-supernova-crab-nebula/. Retrieved 1 July 2021. "In 1980, Ken'ichi Nomoto of the University of Tokyo predicted a third type called an electron capture supernova. ... In an electron capture supernova, as the core runs out of fuel, gravity forces electrons in the core into their atomic nuclei, causing the star to collapse in on itself." 
  16. ↑ "SN 2018zd". Transient Name Server. 2 March 2018. https://wis-tns.weizmann.ac.il/object/2018zd. 
  17. ↑ "SN 2024abfl". IAU. https://www.wis-tns.org/object/2024abfl. 



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