Biology:Crizanlizumab
| Monoclonal antibody | |
|---|---|
| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Humanized |
| Target | selectin P |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Adakveo |
| Other names | SEG101, SelG1, crizanlizumab-tmca |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a620010 |
| License data | |
| Pregnancy category | |
| Routes of administration | Intravenous |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | |
| DrugBank | |
| ChemSpider |
|
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C6458H9948N1712O2050S58 |
| Molar mass | 146232.04 g·mol−1 |
Crizanlizumab, sold under the brand name Adakveo among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication that binds to P-selectin.[3] It is a medication used to reduce the frequency of vaso-occlusive crisis in people aged 16 years and older who have sickle cell anemia.[3][4][6] It is given by injection into a vein.[3][4]
The most common side effects include joint pain, nausea, back pain, fever and abdominal (belly) pain.[4]
Crizanlizumab was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2019.[6][7][8] The EU's EMA withdrew authorization in May 2023 based on no significant effects from a phase 3 trial.[9] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.[10]
Medical uses
Crizanlizumab is indicated for the prevention of recurrent vaso occlusive crises in sickle cell disease patients aged 16 years and older.[4] It can be given as an add on therapy to hydroxyurea/hydroxycarbamide (HU/HC) or as monotherapy in patients for whom HU/HC is inappropriate or inadequate.[3][4]
Vaso-occlusive crisis is a common and painful complication of sickle cell disease that occurs when blood circulation is obstructed by sickled red blood cells (red cells are usually round and flexible, but sometimes many red cells in a person with sickle cell anemia will become rigid and crescent-shaped due to polymerization of hemoglobin).[11]
Pathophysiology
P-selectin molecules are present on the surface of activated platelets and vascular endothelial cells and have been linked to sickle cell vaso-occlusive crises.[12][13][14]
History
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved crizanlizumab based on evidence from one clinical trial (Trial 1/NCT01895361) of 132 participants with sickle cell diseases who had a history of vaso-occlusive crisis.[8] The trial was conducted at 60 sites in the United States, Brazil and Jamaica.[8]
The FDA granted the application for crizanlizumab priority review, breakthrough therapy designation, and orphan drug designation.[6] The FDA granted approval of Adakveo to Novartis.[6][8]
The European Medicines Agency's human medicines committee (CHMP) has recommended the withdrawal of Adakveo (crizanlizumab), a medicine for preventing vaso-occlusive crises in patients with sickle cell disease, due to the lack of sufficient benefits outweighing the risks.[15] The STAND phase III study showed that Adakveo does not effectively reduce the number of painful crises requiring healthcare visits or treatment at home compared to a placebo, and it exhibits a higher rate of severe side effects.[16][17]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "AusPAR: Crizanlizumab". 24 August 2021. https://www.tga.gov.au/auspar/auspar-crizanlizumab.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Adakveo". 16 April 2021. https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/adakveo.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Adakveo- crizanlizumab injection". 8 September 2022. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=b2b7f8b4-fe9a-4a86-8129-9e43f99a20c6.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "Adakveo EPAR". 20 July 2020. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/adakveo. Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
- ↑ "Adakveo Product information". https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1476.htm.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "FDA approves first targeted therapy to treat patients with painful complication of sickle cell disease". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 15 November 2019. Archived from the original on 21 November 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ "Drug Approval Package: Adakveo (crizanlizumab-tmca)". 17 December 2019. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2019/761128Orig1s000TOC.cfm.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 "Drug Trials Snapshots Adakveo". 15 November 2019. http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-approvals-and-databases/drug-trials-snapshots-adakveo. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ "Novartis sickle cell drug's approval formally revoked by EU regulators" (in en-US). https://www.biopharmadive.com/news/novartis-adakveo-europe-revoke-withdraw-sickle-cell/690000/.
- ↑ "New Drug Therapy Approvals 2019". 31 December 2019. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/new-drugs-fda-cders-new-molecular-entities-and-new-therapeutic-biological-products/new-drug-therapy-approvals-2019.
- ↑ "The vaso-occlusive pain crisis in sickle cell disease: Definition, pathophysiology, and management". European Journal of Haematology 105 (3): 237–246. September 2020. doi:10.1111/ejh.13430. PMID 32301178.
- ↑ "Vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease: pathophysiology and novel targeted therapies". Blood 122 (24): 3892–3898. December 2013. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-05-498311. PMID 24052549.
- ↑ "Vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease: pathophysiology and novel targeted therapies". Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program 2013: 362–369. December 2013. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2013.1.362. PMID 24319205.
- ↑ "Review of Medication Therapy for the Prevention of Sickle Cell Crisis". P & T 43 (7): 417–437. July 2018. PMID 30013299.
- ↑ EMA (2023-05-26). "EMA recommends revocation of authorisation for sickle cell disease medicine Adakveo". European Medicines Agency (Press release). Retrieved 2023-05-26.
- ↑ "Novartis provides update on Phase III STAND trial assessing crizanlizumab". Novartis (Press release). Retrieved 2023-05-26.
- ↑ "EMA recommends revocation of authorisation for sickle cell disease medicine Adakveo". European Medicines Agency (Press release). 2023-05-26. Retrieved 2023-05-26.
External links
- Clinical trial number NCT01895361 for "Study to Assess Safety and Impact of SelG1 With or Without Hydroxyurea Therapy in Sickle Cell Disease Patients With Pain Crises (SUSTAIN)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
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